一、强调句
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who （当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。 < It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
< Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
< When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。 强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
附庸强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其它部分
< 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
丑小鸭变成白天鹅之后强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not …
已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。（三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
< Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
二、It的用法
（一）作人称代词
1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。 < You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it代替后面的air）
They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况）
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。
< Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）
The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）
3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。
< ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It’s me.
---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.
---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。
< ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.
---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。
< The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）
The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）（二）作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时，除了句中不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
（三）作强调词，构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分+ that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。
戒瘾（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）
为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。
< It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）
We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it与that从句中间夹有strange）
但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。
< You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that 引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）
（五） 用法总结.
1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。
1) －Who is the baby?
－It‘s my teacher’s son．
2) －Who is that gentleman?
－It's my friend Tom．He(不可用It) wants to see you．
2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如：
1) It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．
2) It‘s nice and warm here．标准差
3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school．
3．用作形式主语.it 没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it 给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。
1).It 替代真正的主语——动词不定式短语.
It is easier to say than to do .
It is a good act to help the others.
2).it 替代真正的主语——动名词短语，以动名词短语做主语的句子，主要在以no good, no use, no harm, dangerous, foolish 等词作表语的句中.
It’s no harm drinking running water in that area。
It’s foolish talking like that.
3).it 替代从句作主语，用从句做主语的带it 的句子很多，常见的有下面几类：
①It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing,etc. )that…
It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.
②It is strange ( surprising,obvious ,true, good,possible,clear,etc. ) that… 。
It was clear that they had no desire for peace.
③It seems (happened ,turned out,etc.)that…
It seemed that things were not as they expected.
④It is said ( decided ,expected ,etc)that …
It is said that the tickets have been sold out .
4.用作形式宾语。
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,－ing短语或从句往往用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末，句子重心后移。
1) We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time．
2) We think it no use crying over spilt milk．
3) We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting．
5．用于强调句型，即“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。
使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.
It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.
It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
1)It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．
2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．
④强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
1)It is they who are our friends．
2) It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调，而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较：
1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
第一句不是强调句，when不可改为that，因为去掉it was和that后，只能组成“We got home ten o'clock last night．”这样一个不完整的句子；第二句是强调句，that不可改为when．
二、常用句型及考点
I. 形式主语型
1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain…) that…
2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural…)that…
掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气 (should+动词原形)，should可以省去。
3. It is no good (use) doing sth．
4. It is a pity (a shame …) that…
本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气 (should十动词原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
5. It is time (about time，high time) that…
本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。
6. It is the first (second…)time that…
7. It is said (reported，learned…．)that…
8. It is suggested (ordered…) that…
本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有命令……”。
9. It happens (seems，appears) that…
10. It takes sb…to do sth．
11. It doesn’t matter whether…
12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth．
本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of，而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty, polite，rude，silly, stupid，wise，wrong等。 13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth．
14. It is (just) like sb to do sth．
本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。例：It's like him to leave the work to others．
细菌试验
他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。
15. It is up to sb to do sth．
本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。
II．强调句型
It is+ 被强调部分+that/who…
本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who 换用。
III．其他句型
1. It is…since…
本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。
2. It is…when…
本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。
3. It looks (seems) as if．．．
本句型中的as if引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像……”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．
例1 It looks as if he is ill (真的病了) .
例2 It looks as if he were ill (没有生病) .
练习
1. My bike is missing. I can’t find ____ anywhere.
A. one
B. ones
C. it
D. that
2. ---- Who’s that? ---- ____ Professor Li.
A. That’s
B. It’s
C. He’s
16位ms-dos子系统
D. This’s
3. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.
A. It
B. He
C. She
D. That
4. ---- Have you ever seen a whale alive?
---- Yes, I’ve seen ____.
A. that
B. it
C. such
D. one
5. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
6. ____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
A. It
B. There
C. Those
D. You
7. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that
B. this
C. its
D. it
8. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.
A. that
B. it
C. which
D. what
9. ____ four years since I joined the Army.
A. There was
B. There is
C. It was
D. It is
10. How long ____ to finish the work?
A. you’ll take
B. you’ll take it
C. will it take you
D. will take you
11. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.
A. who
B. whom
C. how
D. that
12. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.
A. where
B. that
C. in which
D. on which
13. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. as
D. that
14. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?
A. and
B. that
C. that’s
D. so
15. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.
A. it
B. that
C. so
D. she
16. It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.
A. many years that
B. many years before
C. many years ago that
D. many years when
17. ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.
A. It, all
B. It, that
C. There, who
D. There, that
18. So ____ that no fish can live in it.
A. shallow is the lake
B. the lake is shallow
C. shallow the lake is
D. is the lake shallow It+形容词+不定式。
It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
It is easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛亮好当。
It is hard to please all. 众口难调。
It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat. 再回到小船上是几乎不可能了。
It+名词+不定式
It was not my habit to ask people for things. 我没有向人索取东西的习惯。
It is my honor to stand here. 能站在这里（讲话）是我的荣幸。
Be+介词短语+不定式
It was against my principle to do that. 做这样的事又悖我的原则。
It’s beyond me to say why. 我无法说明原因。
It’s unlike him to be late; he is usually on time. 迟到对他来说是不正常的，他一向很准时。及物动词+宾语+不定式
It takes three generations to make a gentleman. 十年树木，百年树人。
It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。
It is no use doing
It is no good doing
It is a waste of time doing
豫公网安备41160202000603
站长QQ:729038198
关于我们
投诉建议