Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Synthesis and Perspectives中药蜡疗 E D I T E D B Y
Michel Loreau
Laboratoire d'Ecologie,Ecole Normale SupeÂrieure,Paris,France Shahid Naeem
Department of Zoology,University of Washington,USA
Pablo Inchausti
Laboratoire d'Ecologie,Ecole Normale SupeÂrieure,Paris,France
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Preface
2013年会主题The study of biodiversity and ecosystemfunction-ing has followed a pattern that often characterizes history in science.This pattern is best described as periods of empirical and theoretical development bracketed by periods of synthesis(Kuhn1962; Kingsolver and Paine1991).This is not an even course;new developments are often accompanied by debate or controversy(Dunwoody1999).
A conference,entitled Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning:synthesis and perspectives,was held in Paris,France,on6±9December2000under the auspices of the International Geosphere±Biosphere ProgrammeÐGlobal Change and Terrestrial Eco-systems(IGBP±GCTE)and DIVERSITAS,inter-national programmes that foster communication among scientists involved in global change and biodiversity research.The conference was designed to facilitate synthesis of nearly a decade of obser-vation,theory,and experiment in biodiversity and ecosystemfunctioning research.Its goals were to identify central principles,certainties,uncertain-ties,future directions,and policy implications in this area.A brief report of the conference was pub-lished in Trends in Ecology and Evolution(Hughes and Petchey2001),and a summary of its main ®ndings was published in Science(Loreau et al. 2001).This volume provides overviews,position papers,and reports fromthe synthesis workshops of the conference,which together give a synthetic and balanced account of the current knowledge and future challenges in the fast growing area of biodiversity and ecosystemfunctioning.
The conference was a delight.Virtually every invitation was accepted(indeed,many could not be invited or were turned away to keep the work-shops of manageable size)in the interest of resol-ving the issues.The distribution of participants was broad,most importantly being weighted towards junior and emerging researchers.The presenta-tions,workshops,and panel discussions were extraordinarily cordial,friendly,and interactive. Not unexpectedly,some left with as strong an opinion as they arrived with,but all were encour-aged to explore the issues in greater depth and all had a greater appreciation of the perspectives and the fascinating science behind the varied perspectives.
The conference was made possible by the®nan-cial support provided by the European Science Foundation LINKECOL programme,the Centre National de la Recherche Scienti®que(France),and the US National Science Foundation(DEB NSF DEB973343).Some who attended contributed to the workshops and panel discussions although they could not contribute to the chapters.In addition,we wish to acknowledge the help of many anonymous individuals who provided critical reviews of the chapters,and Paola Paradisi,ReÂgine Mfoumou, Christelle BleÂe,Marie-Bernadette Tesson and Susie Dennison who helped with logistics.And to all those that space does not provide for a proper acknowledgment,we thank for help in making the conference the success that it was.
Michel Loreau,Shahid Naeem and Pablo Inchausti
14January2002
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