2.mysql安装规范
MySQL安装⽅式：推荐使⽤⼆进制安装（其他安装⽅式：源码编译安装、yum、rpm） MySQL运⾏⽤户：mysql:mysql注意该⽤户是虚拟⽤户，只是⽤于mysql进程运⾏使⽤，不允许登录、不创建家⽬录 MySQL⽬录规范：
下载⽬录/server/tools
系统⽬录/opt/
软连接ln-s/opt/ /usr/local/mysql
数据⽬录/data/mysql/mysql+port/{data,logs}
配置⽂件/data/mysql/mysql+port/my+portf
3.⼆进制安装MySQL5.7.26（该⽅式⽤于在linux系统下安装）
Linux操作系统安装MySQL
。创建MySQL虚拟⽤户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql #创建⽤户命令
id mysql #查看是否创建成功
。创建⽬录
mkdir -p /server/tools
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql3306/{data,logs}
cd /server/tools #进⼊到该⽬录
。将下载的⽂件上传
rz #上传mysql⼆进制⽂件
ll #查看⽂件是否上传成功
yum install -y lrzsz #如没有rz命令，可通过yum安装
。解压⼆进制包
tar xf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_
。将软件部分移动到指定⽬录
mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.26
。创建软连接
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.26/ /usr/local/mysql
。删除mariadb(避免与MySQL冲突)
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
。配置⽂件整理（该配置参数只⽤于测试环境，不可在⽣产中使⽤。配置参数影响着MySQL数据库的性能及安全，慎重）
vim /data/mysql/mysql3306/my3306f
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql3306/mysql.sock #socket⽂件所在⽬录，本地登录不⽤再次输⼊
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysqldb.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip_name_resolve = 1
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
scc
max_heap_table_size = 32M
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/error.log
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
server-id = 3306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mybinlog
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
expire_logs_days = 7
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
binlog_format = row
binlog_checksum = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
霓虹灯下的哨兵剧本
myisam_repair_threads = 1
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 45875M
乌托邦主义innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_undo_directory = undolog
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 95
# 根据您的服务器IOPS能⼒适当调整
# ⼀般配普通SSD盘的话，可以调整到 10000 - 20000
# 配置⾼端PCIe SSD卡的话，则可以调整的更⾼，⽐如 50000 - 80000
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
# some var for MySQL 8
log_error_verbosity = 3
innodb_print_ddl_logs = 1
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 86400
#innodb_dedicated_server = 0
innodb_status_file = 1
# 注意: 开启 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能会导致log_error⽂件增长较快innodb_status_output = 0 innodb_status_output_locks = 0
#performance_schema
performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%=on'
#innodb monitor
innodb_monitor_enable="module_innodb"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_server"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_dml"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ddl"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_trx"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_os"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_purge"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_log"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_lock"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_index"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ibuf_system"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer_page"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_adaptive_hash"
[mysqldump]
max_allowed_packet = 32M
## myf for MySQL 5.7/8.0
## 注意：个别建议可能需要根据实际情况作调整，请⾃⾏判断或联系我
## 本配置⽂件主要适⽤于MySQL 5.7/8.0版本
。安装MySQL依赖包
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install numactl -y
。更改MySQL相关⽬录的⽤户组
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/*
。初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my3306f --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data
（MySQL8.0 、MySQL5.7都是通过mysqld进⾏初始化数据）
--initialize-insecure ：表⽰不给默认root⽤户创建密码，可以空密码登陆
。加⼊环境变量
vim /etc/profile #vim编辑
PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"
source /etc/profile #执⾏脚本⽂件，使得环境变量⽣效
。启动MySQL
mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my3306f &
。查看是否启动成功
netstat -lntup |grep mysql #如有指定的mysql进程，就表⽰mysql启动成功
。连接mysql
#初始化时没有给root⽤户指定密码，所以可以空密码连接
mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/mysql3306/mysql.sock
4.⼆进制安装MySQL8.0.20（该⽅式⽤于在linux系统下安装）
。创建MySQL虚拟⽤户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
。创建⽬录
mkdir -p /server/tools
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql3306/{data,logs}
cd /server/tools
#课堂⼩知识：
左翼
快速备份：{,.bak}
删除⽂件：通过mv代替rm，将⽂件移动到/tmp⽬录下，等确认该⽂件后期不再使⽤，可以进⼊/tmp⽬录通过rm进⾏删除
。上传⼆进制包
rz
yum install -y lrzsz
。解压⼆进制包
tar xf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_
。将软件部分移动到指定⽬录
明星合成6p
cnf mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20
。创建软连接
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/ /usr/local/mysql
。删除mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
。配置⽂件整理
vim /data/mysql/mysql3306/my3306f
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql3306/mysql.sock #socket⽂件所在⽬录，本地登录不⽤再次输⼊
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysqldb.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip_name_resolve = 1
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
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