SCI论文中常用的表达方法
SCI 论文写作中常用的表达方法
河北医科大学药学院天然药物教研室史清文教授
摘要：要写好SCI 论文，就需要建立一个适合自己需要的句型库（选择的词汇来源知识就是力量论文
于SCI 引用期刊论文Tetrahedron , Tetrahedron Letter and J. Nat. Prod, 等）以及
一些常用的各种核磁技术的文献。本文根据自己体会以及多方资料整理（出处略），仅供
1 引言部分（Introduction ）
问题的提出；研究的现状及背景Background ；以前工作基础；本工作的目的；思路（可提假说）；合适的切入点，以探讨……（目的）等。 Previous Work：说明自己与前人的不同：将历史上前人的工作分成类别；对每项重
要的历史工作进行简短的回顾，要正确，抓住要点，避免歧义；和自己提出的工作进行比较；公正评价前人的重要工作，不要过于苛刻；强调自己的工作和前人工作的不同，特。引用参考文献：立论依据的文献特别是新的和权威性文献，如：Nature 、Science 、JACS 、JOJ 、OL 等，还要引用自己的工作表明工作连续性。
Our Work ：描述自己的工作，回顾研究背景，常用词汇有review, outline, summarize, present, describe等。
说明写作目的：常用词汇有purpose, attempt, aim等。
介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围：常用词汇有study, present, emphasize, include, focus, attention, emphasis, investigation, inderline等。
Despite the many valuable discoveries made through studies of …., the … remain virtually unexplored from a chemical standpoint. Interesting structures (diversity of secondary metabolites) discovered from the ……promoted (stimulated) us to undertake an investigation on the (attracted our interest
in the chemical studies of or initiated to examine….) or in the pursuit of ecologically important metab
olites from…an unambiguous structural determination of them were desired. 在叙述前人成果之后，用However 来引导不足，提出一种新方法或新方向（Indeed ）。如：However, little information (little attention/little work/little data/little research……) (or few studies/few investigations/few researchers/few attempts……) (or no/none of these studies……) has (have) been done on (focused on/attempted
to/conducted/investigated/studied (with respect to)) 。如：Previous research (studies, records) has (have) failed to consider/ ignored/ misinterpreted/
渔趣网neglected to/overestimated, underestimated/misleaded. Thus, these previous results are inconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist……
研究方法和方向与前人一样时，可通过以下方式强调自己工作：However, data is
still scarce (rare, less accurate) or there is still dearth of……We need to (aim to, have to) provide more
documents (data, records, studies, increase the dataset). Further studies are still necessary (essential)……
提出自己的观点：We aim to/ This paper reports on/ This paper provides results/ This paper extends the method/ This paper focus on……The purpose of this paper is t o……Furthermore, Moreover, In addition, we will also discuss……；From the chemical point of view, it is interesting to underline that ….
2 实验方法部分（Methods ）
介绍研究或试验过程，常用词汇有：test, study, analyze, investigate, examine, experiment, check, discuss, consider, analysis, ensure等。
说明研究或试验方法，常用词汇有：measure, estimate, calculate等。
白修德例：
General Experimental Procedures:
分散剂Solvents for extractions and open column chromatography were reagent (analytical) grade and used without further purification. Melting points were determined on a…..apparatus and are uncorrected.
The IR spectra were taken in KBr pellet on a ...spectrophotometer.
Optical rotations were measured using a Perking-Elmer model 343 digital polarimeter in chloroform at 20°C with a path le ngth of 10 cm (using 10 cm
cell tube) recorded on the sodium D line, using a sodium lamp operating at 589 nm.
UV spectra were recorded (made on) using a JASCO model V-560 UV/Vis spectrophotometer in chloroform.
IR spectra were run (performed) as th in film on (using) a …. spectrophotometer. IR is indicative the presence hydroxyl group (a broad vibrational band around 3448 cm -1) and a carbonyl band between 1780-1658 cm-1.
1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained (acquired) on a Bruker model AMX or Varin UNITY 500 MHz spectrometer at 500 MHz for 1H and 125 MHz for 13C in
CDCl3 as solvent using TMS as internal standard. CDCl3 was used as solvent and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal standard. Chemical shifts were referenced relative to the corresponding residual solvents signals (d
7.26/77.7, respectively) and are given on a d (ppm) scale and coupling constants (J ) expressed in H
z. Stereochemical designations and following the chemical shift refer to the proton below and above the plane, respectively, of the illustrated drawing. Spin-coupled patterns are designed as follows: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet, br = broadened, and h = hidden or o = overlapped. The spin couping ( J ) is given in parentheses in Hz, and refers to separation values solely for characterization and may not be the true J as in non-first-order patterns. Some hidden patterns were clarified by homonuclear decoupling and NOE studies and are reported
after the hm designation in brackets. The multiplicities of the carbon signals (Methylene,
Methine, Methyl, or quternary carbon) were determined indirectly from HMQC experiment.
HMQC [Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence, Bax, A.; Subramanian, S. J. Magn. Res. 1986, 67, 565-569.]
HMBC [Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation, Bax, A.; Summers, M. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2093-2094.]
DEPT (Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer) was used to
sort CH3, CH2, CH and
C.
EI-MS were taken (made or obtained) on a Micromass model Autospec (70 eV) spectrometer. Analytic TLC was performed on precoated 0.25 mm thick Merk
silica gel F254 aluminum-backed plates without activation. Fractions was monitored by TLC with visualization under UV light (254 and 365 nm) and by dipping the plates into a solution of 10% (v/v) H2SO 4 in EtOH. The spots were
detected at UV (254 nm) and visualized by spraying with 5%H2SO 4-ethanol reagent and heating at 140°C.
Prepared TLC was carried out (performed) on precoated Si gel 60 F254 plates (20 ´ 20 cm, 0.5 mm layer thickness, Merck). Developed chromatograms were detected by spraying with 10 % H 2SO 4-ethanol, followed by heating at 100 °C for 5 min. PTLC plate was cut into small strips under UV, The compounds were carefully removed by scraping off the silica gel at the appropriate R f and them were exhaustively extracted with acetonitrile. After solvent evaporation, the residue was used to run NMR.
Sephadex LH-20 column, previously equilibrated with same mixture of elute, were also utilized for further separation (MeOH or MeOH:dichloromethane) as eluent (apolar extract using MeOH:CHCl3 = 1:1, polar using MeOH:CHCl3 = 4:1 or MeOH only as mobile phase).
新疆师范大学学报3 实验结果讨论（Discussion and Summary）
展示研究结果，常用词汇有：show, result, disclose, present, displayed,
infer等；介绍结论，常用词汇有introduce, summary, conclude，deduce 等。
陈述论文的论点和作者的观点，常用词汇有：report, suggest, expect, present, describe, argue 等。
说明论证，常用词汇有：support, provide, find, indicate, identify, confirm, clarify, demonstrate, imply, corroborate, evidence等。
推荐和建议，常用词汇有：suggest, give suggestion, recommendation, recommend, propose, necessity, expect，necessary, presume等。
例：
Result and Discussion:
UV absorption maxima at 315 nm showing (displayed) significant bathochromic shift under strong alkaline conditions, indicating (was supportive) the presence of phenolic functions
IR data revealed the absence of absorptions for hydroxyl group or unsaturation, suggesting that
the oxygen is involved in ether linkages and that molecule is tricyclic，et al .
东岳论丛编辑部
FABMS spectrum revealed the sodium adduct (quasi-molecular ion) [M+Na]+ ion at m/z xx, suggesting Mr = xxx and solving for (Empirical formula), which was appropriate for the molecular formula Cx H y O z , This molecular formula was corroborated by HR-FAB-MS, which was consistent with data from 1H and 13C NMR spectra.
1H-NMR spectrum displayed signals corresponding to protons, which are in the vicinity of heteroatoms. (showed (disclosed) a total protons attached to carbon, i ndicating the presence of…). Vicinal proton coupling constants have been very useful for the conformational analysis of a large number of organic substances in view of their known dihedral angle dependence. (Karplus, M. J. Chem. Phys. 1959, 30: 11.)
13C-NMR signals can be sorted (classified, defined) by DEPT experiments into methyl, methylene, s
p3 methine and and sp2 methine and sp3 quaternary carbon, sp2 quaternary carbon and oxygenated sp 2 quaternary carbon and carbonyl carbon. DEPT experiments grouped all of the carbon signals into the following assemblies:
1H-1H COSY NMR spectrum was possible to differentiate how many discreted spin system.
HMBC （Bax, A.; Summers, M. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2093-2094.）: Full assignments of the proton and carbon signals were secured by 1H-1H DQF COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectra. To clarify the intermolecular connectivities of the partial structures, the HMBC experiment was performed.
1H-1H DQFCOSY (Piantini, U.; Sorensen, O. W.; Ernst, R. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc . 1982, 104, H-13C TOCSY (Braunschweiler, L.; Ernst, R. R. J. Magn. Reson. 1983, 53, 521.)
C-13C TOCSY (Kjellerg, A.; Nishida, T.; Weitraub, A.; Widmalm, G. NMR Spectroscopy of C-Enriched polysaccharides: Application of 136800.) 11313C-13C TOCSY to Sugars of Different Configuration. Magn. Reson. Chem. 1998, 35, 128-131.)
Stereochemistry : The relative stereostructure of … as shown in a computer-generated 3D drawing
was deduced from cross-peaks observed in the phase-sensitive NOESY spectrum and 3J proton coupling constants. On the basis of the above argument, the relative stereochemistry of … was assigned (determined, deduced, established, and characterized) as…
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