STATA用xtabond2进行差分GMM估计实例
xtabond2 npl l.npl l2.loan, gmm(l.npl loan,lag(2 5) collapse) nolevel small robust
Favoring speed over space. To switch, type or click on mata: mata set matafavor space, perm.
lgks200Dynamic panel-data estimation, one-step difference GMM
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Group variable: bank_dum Number of obs = 328 Time variable : year Number of groups = 48 Number of instruments = 8 Obs per group: min = 0 F(2, 48) = 16.93 avg = 6.83
Prob > F = 0.000 max = 10棒球小英雄
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Robust
npl | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval]
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- npl |
L1. | .9803696 .1714739 5.72 0.000 .6355982 1.325141 |
loan |
L2. | -.0167082 .0098918 -1.69 0.098 -.0365969 .0031806 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Instruments for first differences equation
2008台湾大选GMM-type (missing=0, separate instruments for each period unless collapsed)
L(2/5).(L.npl loan) collapsed
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Arellano-Bond test for AR(1) in first differences: z = -1.72 Pr > z = 0.085 Arellano-Bond test for AR(2) in first differences: z = -0.30 Pr > z = 0.763 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sargan test of overid. restrictions: chi2(6) = 2.26 Prob > chi2 = 0.895 (Not robust, but not weakened by many instruments.)
Hansen test of overid. restrictions: chi2(6) = 5.79 Prob > chi2 = 0.447 (Robust, but weakened by many instruments.)
xtabond2 npl l.npl l2.loan size, gmm(l.npl loan,lag(2 5) collapse) iv(size) nolevel small robust
Favoring speed over space. To switch, type or click on mata: mata set
matafavor space, perm.
Dynamic panel-data estimation, one-step difference GMM
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Group variable: bank_dum Number of obs = 328 Time variable : year Number of groups = 48 Number of instruments = 9 Obs per group: min = 0 F(3, 48) = 10.82 avg = 6.83
Prob > F = 0.000 max = 10
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Robust
npl | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval]
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- npl |
L1. | 1.018233 .1890329 5.39 0.000 .6381568 1.398309 |
财政部长
loan |
L2. | -.0131397 .0101796 -1.29 0.203 -.0336071 .0073277 |
size | .3450704 .2908862 1.19 0.241 -.2397954 .9299363 Instruments for first differences equation
Standard
D.size
GMM-type (missing=0, separate instruments for each period unless collapsed)
2010年广东高考作文L(2/5).(L.npl loan) collapsed
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Arellano-Bond test for AR(1) in first differences: z = -1.76 Pr > z = 0.079 Arellano-Bond test for AR(2) in first differences: z = -0.29 Pr > z = 0.772 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sargan test of overid. restrictions: chi2(6) = 3.28 Prob > chi2 = 0.773 (Not robust, but not weakened by many instruments.)
Hansen test of overid. restrictions: chi2(6) = 7.91 Prob > chi2 = 0.245 (Robust, but weakened by many instruments.)
飘舞的碎布
注意:
首先,gmm()里不能有lag的形式,所以不是gmm(l.npl loan,lag(2 5) collapse),而是gmm(npl loan,lag(2 5) collapse);
其次,iv(size)其实你就默认size是严格外生的,不良贷款率也有可能影响size啊, 所以也有可能是内生;
再次,解释变量为什么选用滞后两期的l2.loan,可以直接使用当期的loan试试;最后,面板数据最好加入时间虚拟变量/行业虚拟变量/地区虚拟变量等考虑。