第10周作业
三. 做教材练习八、九
练习八
（一）、将下列句子译成英语，特别注意主语的确定。
1、他（祥子）确乎有点像棵树，坚壮，沉默，而又有生气。
He (Xiangzi) was like a tree indeed, sturdy, silent and full of life.
2、自然科学的皇后是数学。数学的皇冠是数论（number theory）。哥德巴赫猜想（Goldbach’s conjecture）则是皇冠上的明珠。
The empress of nature science is math. The crown of math is number theory. And Gold Bach’s conjecture is the most precious jewel on the crown.
3、母亲一把大剪刀，仿佛裁掉了我童年的忧伤，给我剪出一个原来如此瑰丽的世界。
The big pair of scissors of my mother, with which she seemed to cut off the sorrows of my childhood and cut out for me such a wonderful world.
4、哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。中国教育界、科学界、文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。
Harvard is one of the earliest American universities to accept Chinese students. The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have maintained academic exchanges with the university all the time.常量元素
5、农民缺乏训练，许多农场生产率低下，这就使得大多数农民处于贫穷的困境。
Due to the fact that farmers are lack of training and the low productivity of many farms, the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position.
6、只有冷静才能成功。
Only keep calm can we get success.
7、第一次见面，司徒乔给我的印象就极好。
The first meeting with Situ Qiao left a good impression on me.
（二）、下列译文在主语的处理上有不妥之处，请加以改进。
1、那天晚上的天不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得。
The shy color of that evening was not good, but Father came too, which was quite care.
改进：It looked like rain that evening, however, to my surprise, father came nevertheless.
2、学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学习一点东西，必须从不自满开始。
The enemy of study is complacency. Learning something seriously must begin from not being complacent.
氢能改进：Complacency is the enemy of study. We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency.
3、车轮一顿，在轨道上站定了；车门里弹出去似地跳下了许多人。www.tangent
The wheels of the train stopped on the tracks with a jerk. A number of people shot out of the carriage door.
改进：The train stopped with a clang and a jerk. A number of people shot out of the carriage door.
4、人们认为他翻译的这首诗不忠于原文。
He was not regarded faithful in his translation of this poem.
改进：His translation of this poem was regarded unfaithful.
5、上海近几年发生的巨大变化，赢得全世界人民的赞叹。
The great changes of recent years in Shanghai have won admiration from people all over the world.
改进：Shanghai has changed greatly in recent years and has won admiration from people all over the world.
（三）、英译短文，注意句中主语的选择。
一粒沙
A Grain of Sand
有这么一个故事：有一个参加长跑的选手在走过一片沙滩时，鞋子里灌满了沙子，他匆匆把鞋子脱下，胡乱地把沙子倒出，便又急急地继续往前跑。可是仍有沙子留在他的鞋里，在他以后的路程中，那沙子磨着他的脚，使他走一步，疼一步。但他并没有停下把鞋子脱掉，抖出磨自己脚的沙子，而仍是匆匆前进，在离终点不远的地方，因脚痛难忍，他不得不止步，最后放弃了比赛。当他忍着揪心的痛把鞋脱掉是，他发现让自己痛苦了几个小时并放弃比赛的竟只是一粒沙子。 There is such a story: when a participant in the long-distance race crossed a beach, his shoes were full of sand. He took off his shoes and got the sand out hastily, 工程抗震与加固改造and then he k
ept running hurrily. But some sand still in his shoes and the sand rubbed his feet in the latter distance. That made him hurt when he ran every step. Instead of taking西南票务网 off the shoes and shaking out the sand, but he resumed running hastily. Because of the pain, he dropped out of the contest just a few yards from the finishing line. As he managed to get out of the shoes he was surprised to find the cause of his lasting torment was only a grain of sand.
看来，有事阻挠我们前进的不是高山、深渊，而是极细小的一粒沙子。为了避免因一次轻微的过失遭指责，我们便编出谎言来掩盖。于是从编造第一个谎言开始，我们便背上了两个沉甸甸的包袱：“过失”与“谎言”。以后的日子，便常常为掩饰“过失”与“谎言”而不得不再造出新的谎言，此次自己便不得不在紧张、担心、悔恨的岁月中熬过。那第一个谎言就是一粒沙。 It seems that the greatest obstacle on one’s way forward may not be a high mountain or a deep valley but a grain of sand that is hardly visible. To avoid blame on a minor fault one may tell a lie. That adds a burden to a heavy heart and weighs it down. In the days to
come he will have to fabricate one falsehood after another to cover the lie he told and the fault he committed. Thus he will never be able to free himself from lingering anxiety, worry and regret, to the ignorance that all his suffering originate in only a grain of sand---- the first lie he told.
练习九
（一）、将下列句子译成英文，特别注意谓语的确定。
1、脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是源自明朝的故事。
摩士集团The most popular traditional Beijing operas, the White Snake, tells a story that originated from Ming Dynasty.
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