高等植物着丝粒序列的结构与特征研究作者：夏薇来源：《安徽农业科学》2014年第这片土地是神圣的教学设计
10期 摘要着丝粒是染体的重要组成成分之一，在细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂中行使重要的生物学功能，着丝粒在不同的物1种中保持着一致的功能，即在细胞分裂中期，着丝粒在纺锤丝的牵引下使染体向两级运动，从而完成细胞的分裂。如此保守的功能，是乎暗示着丝粒序列不同物种间具有一定的保守性，然而随着测序技术的发展，越来越多的物种的基因组序列被释放，分析发现着丝粒序列主要由重复序列和反转录转座子组成，然而不同物种着丝粒序列比对发现，它们之间的同源性极低，此外染体的着丝粒的序列的组成和大小都相差甚远。文中回顾了近些年在着丝粒研究方面所取得的进展，探讨维持着丝粒功能稳定性的序列结构特征。 沉默的忧伤 关键词着丝粒；重复序列；反转录转座子；稳定性；同源性
中图分类号太原pm2.5S188文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2014）10-02859-04
Abstract Centromere， as an important part of a chromosome， plays a critical biological role in mitosis and meiosis. Centromeres keep consistent function across different species. Namely保密工作杂志， they are responsible for the polar movement of chromosomes during metaphase to accomplish cell division. Such conserved function of centromere implies that centromere sequence may be conserved between different species. The development of the sequencing technology has revealed abundant centromeric sequence of more and more species and indicated that the centromeres are mainly composed of satellite repeats and retrotransposons. However，抑菌>成都胡玲门 comparison of centromeric sequence between different species showed that low homology was found and the structure and size of centromeres in different chromosomes were greatly varied. This paper reviewed the progress of centromere researches in recent years and discussed the structure and features keeping conserved centromere function.
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