新编英语教程(李观仪)A New English Course Space Requirements
How much living space does a person need? What happens when these space requirements are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are conducting experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowding on humans. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have adequate living space, they eat well, sleep well and reproduce well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior patterns and even their health conditions change perceptibly. They cannot sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and tension become obvious. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable but also essential for human survival?
There is an inn where I lived one summer,writing my book and observing the tourists. Tor
康普顿效应cello which used to be lonely as a cloud has recently become an outing from Venice. Many more visitors than it can comfortably hold pour into it, off the regular steamers, off chartered motor-boats, and off yachts, all day they amble up the towpath, looking for what? The cathedral is decorated with eraly mosaics—scenes from hell, much restored, and a great sad, austere Madonna; Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it. They wander into the church and look around aimlessly. They come out on to the village green and photograph each other in a stone armchair, said to be the throne of Attila. They relentlessly tear at the wild roses which one has seen in bud and longed to see in bloom and which, for a day have scented the whole island. As soon as they are picked the roses fade and are thrown into the canal. The Americans visit the inn to eat or drink something. The English declare that they cannot afford to do this. They take food which they have brought with them into the vineyard and I am sorry to say leave the devil of a mess behind them. Every Thursday Germans come up the towpath, marching as to war, with a Leader. There is a standing order for fifty luncheons at the inn; while they eat the Leader lectures them through a megaphone. Afte
r luncheon they march into the cathedral and undergo another lecture. They, at least, know what they are seeing. Then they march back to their boat. They are tidy; they leave on litter.
More interesting, however, than the behavior of the tourists is that of the islanders. As they are obliged, whether they like it or not, to live in public during the whole summer, they very naturally try to extract some financial benefit from this state of affairs.
Babies toddle about offering four-leafed clovers and hoping for a tip. More cries of “Buona fortuna”. The priest organizes holy processions to coincide with the arrival of the steamer. And so the play goes on. The tourists are incredibly mean, they hardly leave anything on the island except empty cigarette boxes and flapping Daily Mails. The lace is expensive, but they might buy a few postcards or shell necklaces and give the children some pennies; they seem to have hearts of stone.
As soon as the last boat has gone, down comes the curtain. The “gondoliers” shed their white linen jackets and silly straw hats and go back to Burano, taking Eric , highly dissatis
fied with his earnings and saying if this goes on he will die of hunger. The sweet old women let the smiles fade from their faces, put away their lace-making pillows, and turn to ordinary activities of village life such as drowning kittens. The father of the clover babies creeps about on his knees finding four-leafed clovers for the next day. The evening reproaches ring out, the moon comes up, the flapping Daily Mails blow into the lagoon. Torcello is itself again.
You will be more successful in bringing others to your belief if you agree with them than if you show evidence for your point of view. People are ruled more by whim than by wisdom.
A learned profession is sometimes defined as any job that employs scholarly achievement in the service of others. According to this definition, any position involving extensive academic training that is subsequently used in the service of society is to be considered a learned profession.
When the consumer makes choices, he is actually deciding the kinds of products that bus
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inesses will offer for sale, an article that has little demand and yields small profit will be discontinued by business.
The speaker argued that one trouble with price supports is that they are too high, they encourage production that is not needed. If farmers know they are going to get the support price (支持性价格，通过补贴等形式对农民保证农产品最低价格), they will produce all they can without regard for what the market will actually take. 遗传漂变THE SUBWAY(Tom Wolfe)
车工工艺In a way, of course, the subway is the living symbol of all that adds up to lack of status in New York. There is a sense of madness and disorientation at almost every express stop. The ceilings are low, the vistas are long, there are no landmarks, the lightning is an eerie blend of fluorescent tubing, electric light bulbs and neon advertising. The whole place is a gross assault on the senses(感官). The noise of the trains stopping or rounding curves has a high-pitched harshness that is difficult to describe. People feel no qualms about pushing whenever it becomes crowded. Your tactile sense (触觉) takes a crucifying you n
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ever dreamed possible. The odors become unbearable when the weather is warm. Between platforms, record shops broadcast 45 r.p.m records with metallic tones and lunch counters serve the kind of hot dogs in which you bite through a tensile, rubbery surface and then hit a soft, oleaginous center like cottonseed meal, and the customers sit there with pastry and bread flakes caked around their mouths, belching to themselves so that their cheeks pop out flatulently now and then.
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