Oprah Winfrey 奥普拉•温弗里
Since 2004, Time magazine has six times conducted a poll to name the 100 most influential people in the world. Only one person has appeared on all six lists, Oprah Winfrey.
2004年至今,《时代周刊》杂志进行了六次全世界100位最有影响力人物的评选。只有一人每次都榜上有名，她就是奥普拉•温弗里。
Born in 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi, she was originally named Orpah after a character in the bible. This subtle alteration has been explained away a number of different ways. Oprah herself claims it was down to pronunciation difficulties by her relatives. In the light of her difficult childhood, however you can't help but ponder if she didn't choose to alter it herself. A woman who has so thoroughly embraced self-help and the importance of a positive mental attitude, would no doubt see a delightful symmetry in slightly changing her own name, signifying turning her life around, taking control and re-defining herself.
奥普拉•温弗里1954年出生于密西西比州柯休斯科市，她的名字奥普拉来源于圣经里一个叫“奥帕”的人物。对于这个细微的变化，人们已经从不同角度进行了解读。奥普拉称，这是由于她亲戚的发音困难。考虑到她童年时的艰辛，你不禁会琢磨，名字会不会是她自己改的。一个自力更生、心态乐观的 女人, 稍微改变一下名字与之相称，表示要改变自己的人生，做自己的主人，改变别人对她的看法。 Her early years were spent living in abject poverty with a religious birch
wielding grandmother, followed by years of sexual abuse from male relatives whilst living with her mostly absent mother, before finally being sent to live with her strict disciplinarian father in Tennessee. Taken all together, her life did not seem destined for a bright future. Living a rebellious lifestyle dabbling on and off with drugs, she hit her lowest point when at the young age of fourteen, she gave birth to a premature baby, who sadly didn't survive the pregnancy. Amazingly though, her father's rules did insure that his daughter's education didn't falter and it was the escape offered through books and her own natural intelligence that helped her to finally overcome her problems. 'I knew there was a way out. I knew there was another kind of life because I had read about it. I knew there were other places, and there was another way of being,' she said.
她早年跟祖母住在一起，生活贫穷而凄惨，还经常受祖母的棒打。之后跟母亲生活的时候，却常年受男亲戚的待，最后她被送到田纳西州，跟她严厉的父亲住在一起。鉴于所有这些情况，她的人生似乎没有光明的未来。她叛逆，，最惨的是年仅14岁时生下一个早产儿，但却夭折了。但令人惊讶的是，经过她父亲的管教，奥普拉的学习并没有落下，书本为她提供了脱离苦难的途径，加上她天 生聪颖，她最终克服了这些问题。“我知道会有出路。我知道有其他人生, 因为我读到了。我知道有其他地方，有其他生活方式,”她说。
胡杨林斤澜
Having gained a scholarship to Tennessee State University, she left as an honours student with a degree in Speech and Performing Arts and set out to further her interests in media, nurtured by working at the university's radio station as a newscaster. Straight off the bat, she began to break the perceived mould for a young black woman in America, becoming the first black woman and the youngest person ever to work as a reporter for WTVF-TV in Nashville. Reporting the news
didn't seem to be a perfect fit for her though, as she had a penchant for getting too emotionally involved in the stories she was reporting on, which didn't always please her superiors. It did, however, make her ideally suited for a more interactive platform instead, which she found in Baltimore working for WJZ-TV on their People are Talking segment whilst continuing to report the news.
她获得了田纳西州立大学的奖学金，之后以优异成绩毕业，并拿到演讲与表演艺术学位。在大学电台当播音员的经历培养了她对媒体的兴趣，毕业后她继续发展自己的这一爱好。她一踏入社会就打破了美国年轻黑人女性的成见，成为纳什维尔WTVF电视台第一位黑人女记者，同时也是该台最年轻的记 者。报道新闻似乎不是特别适合她，因为她偶尔会在报道时加入太多个人感情因素，这有时令领导不满。但这也使她非常适合在一个互动的舞台上发挥，这一点是她在报道新闻的空闲时间参加WJZ电视台《人们在说》节目时发现的。 Moving six years down the line to 1986, a talk show called AM Chicago on the WLS-TV station was trailing last in the ratings. Desperate to save themselves, they decided to bring in a talented up and comer whose name was on everyone's lips. In 1985 Steven Spielberg had picked Oprah to co-star in a new film based upon Alice Walker's Pulitzer Prize winning novel, The Colour of Purple, Oprah's performance garnered both Academy and Golden Globe nominations and coupled with her media experience, she was the go to girl for WLS-TV. From near oblivion in just one year Oprah was able to turn around the show's falling ratings, taking it straight to number one and in the process setting down the foundations for a new style of talk show. AM Chicago was gone, now it was the, 'The Oprah Winfrey Show'.
六年之后，即1986年,WLS电视台一个名为《早安，芝加哥》的脱口秀节目收视率低迷。为了自救，他们决定引入一名勤奋进取、广为人知的人才。1985年，史蒂芬•斯皮尔伯格挑选奥普拉参演根据获得普利策奖获奖作品、爱丽丝•沃克同名小说改编的电影《紫》，奥普拉的表现为她赢得了学院奖(奥斯卡奖)和金球奖提名，加上其媒体从业经验，她成了WLS电视台的目标人选。奥普拉仅仅用了一
年，便改变了这档节目的颓势，使其从几近被忘却的地位转变为收视率排第一，并逐渐形成了一种新的脱口秀风格。《早安，芝加哥》停播了，取而代之的是《奥普拉•温弗里脱口秀》。
平安培训系统Oprah had been able to cut across the usual demographics and appealed to all ages, races and status holders. Her secret? She wasn't just talking, she was also listening. Her ability to empathise and her fearless courage in holding up her own dark past to the limelight, meant she could really connect with her guests and her audience. In 1986 the show went national; Oprah was suddenly appearing on television sets across America, repeating her earlier success, embraced whole heartedly by the America public.诺基亚5140
奥普拉能吸引各种人，他们有着不同的年龄、不同的种族、不同的地位。她成功的秘诀是?她不仅仅是在说话，她还在聆听。她勇敢地将自己灰暗的过去公之于众，因此能真正打动嘉宾和观众。1986年，该节目在全国播放，奥普拉一下子出现在了全美观众面前，延续以往的成功，深得美国百姓的喜爱。
Such was her success and her business acumen, that only two years after hosting the show, she was able to set up her own production company Harpo (Oprah backwards), and buy the full rights to Oprah Winfery Show, which she syndicated across the globe. Presently, according to figures on Oprah, the
show is watched on 212 US stations and is broadcast in 145 countries around the world. Going from wearing homemade clothes made out of old potato sacks as a child to becoming a self-made millionaire at just thirty-two, is a staggering achievement for anyone, let alone a black female born in the 50's in America's racist south.
方俊明>arm视频
凭借其成功和精明才干，她在主持节目两年之后，便成立了自己的制作公司“哈珀”(“奥普拉”一词反过来的拼写)，买断了《奥普拉•温弗里脱口秀》的所有权，在全球同步播出。根据Oprah的数据，目前该节目在全美212家电视台和全球145个国家播放。从少时身穿用破旧麻袋缝制的衣服，到通过自身努力在32岁就成为百万富翁，对任何人来说都是惊人的成就，更何况是一个出生在上世纪50年代种族主义盛行的美国南部的黑人女性。
Her adept marketing skills have seen her branch into magazine publishing, books, education and a lifestyle channel for women. All with the underlying aim of improving people's lives, inspiring and praising good honest values, making the world a better place for present and future generations. The money for her really is secondary, success and getting her message across seems to be what motivates her.
她运用娴熟的营销能力，涉足杂志出版、书籍、教育等领域，还开通了一个针对妇女的生活频道。她
wto论文做这些事的根本目的便是改善人们的生活，激励并表扬诚实的价值观，让现在和今后的世界变得更美好。钱对她来说的确是次要的，成功和传达自己的思想才是其真正动力。
As her business grew so did her wealth and power, becoming the first ever black billionaire in 2003 and the most powerful woman in media broadcasting. The
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