武汉理工大学毕业设计（论文）
激情5月天性能研究
学院（系）：材料科学与工程学院
专业班级：复材1401班
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摘要
双马来酰亚胺树脂（BMI）作为聚酰亚胺树脂体系派生出的一种新型树脂，具有突出的耐热性、介电性、耐化学性、优良的力学性能、耐腐蚀性、阻燃性等，已被应用于各行各业。在航天航空领域，如飞机结构部件、雷达天线罩，有着重要作用。但未改性的双马来酰亚胺存在单体熔点高、溶解性差、 工艺性差、固化产物交联密度大，呈现出脆性的问题。这些不足都限制了BMI的应用与发展，所以必需对其进行改性处理。主要是进行增韧，改善工艺性，从而扩大其应用领域，尤其是在低温复合材料结构中的应用。
本文针对改善体系的工艺性，提高体系固化产物的韧性的目的。引入了烯丙基双酚A 进行扩链，低粘度的活性稀释剂3-乙炔基苯胺改善工艺性，以及高分子量的烯丙基环氧改性增韧。合成了二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺（BDM)/烯丙基双酚A（DABPA)/3-乙炔基苯胺（m-APA）及BDM/DABPA/烯丙基环氧两种改性体系，并对两种改性体系的性能进行了测试和表征，对固化浇注体在常温以及低温下的性能进行了测试和分析。
研究表明，两种体系均有较好的工艺性和韧性。通过对比各项性能发现DABPA/m-APA 改性BDM效果最佳，固化峰值温度低于220℃，常温下试样的弯曲强度达到124MPa、弹性模量3.03GPa、冲击韧性11.9kJ/m2，均优于两种不同比例的烯丙基环氧方案。并且Tg 达到337℃，表明其耐热性得到了保留。
在低温性能方面，两种改性体系试样分别在液氨中浸泡1天/3天/5天后，短期内力学性能均略有降低。其中BDM/DABPA/m-APA体系性能下降幅度较小，约10%BDM/DABPA/烯丙基环氧中1:0.435:0.435方案下降约为10%，而4:2:2体系下降23%，表明3-乙炔基苯胺体系低温性能更优。同时该体系冲击试样断面呈现韧性断裂。
关键词：双马来酰亚胺改性增韧烯丙基环氧乙炔基苯胺性能研究
Abstract
As a new type of resin derived from polyimide resin system, bismaleimide resin (BMI) has been used in many walks of life with outstanding heat resistance, dielectric property, chemical resistance, excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and flame retardancy. In aerospace, such as aircraft structural components and radar radome, it is an important role. The modified bismaleimide has high monomer melting point, poor solubility and technological property. The crosslinking density of the cured product is high and presents a brittle problem. These deficiencies all restrict the application and development of BMI, so it is necessary to modify it mainly through toughening and improving the processing ability. And then, its application field, especially in low temperature composite structure, is expanded.
The purpose of this paper is to improve the technological properties of the system and improve the toughness of the curing products of the system. Allyl bisphenol A was introduced to expand the chain, the low viscosity active diluent 3-acetylaniline was introduced to improve the technological properties, and the high molecular weight allyl epoxy resin was modified and toughened. Two modifi
ed systems of diphenylmethane bismaleimide (BDM) / allyl bisphenol A (DABPA) / 3-acetylaniline and BDM/DABPA/ allyl epoxide were synthesized. The properties of the two modified systems were tested and characterized. The properties of solidified castings at room temperature and low temperature were tested and analyzed.
The results show that both systems have good technological properties and toughness.And the DABPA/m-APA modified BDM had the best effect. The peak curing temperature was lower than 220 ℃, the bending strength of the sample was 124 MPa, the elastic modulus was 3.03 GPa, and the impact toughness was 11.9kJ / m2, which was superior to the two kinds of allyl epoxy schemes. The TG reached 337 ℃, indicating that the heat resistance was retained.
At low temperature, the mechanical properties of the two modified systems decreased slightly in a short time after soaking in liquid ammonia for one day, three days and five days respectively. The decrease of the properties of the BDM/DABPA/m-APA system is relatively small, about 10%.DABPA/ allyl epoxy solution of 1: 0.435: 0.435 is reduced to about 10%, while the 4:2:2 system drops 23%, which indicates that the low temperature performance of the 3-acetylaniline system is better than that of the 3-acetylaniline system. At the same time, the fracture of impact specimen is ductile.
Keywords: Bismaleimide Modification Allyl epoxy Acetylaniline Performance study.
目录
第1章绪论 (1)
1.1引言 (1)
1.2双马来酰亚胺的研究发展 (1)kjava游戏
1.3双马来酰亚胺的合成 (2)
1.4双马来酰亚胺树脂的应用 (2)
1.5双马来酰亚胺树脂的改性 (3)
1.5.1烯丙基化合物改性 (3)
破伤风抗毒素1.5.2橡胶增韧BMI (4)
1.5.3胺类扩链增韧改性 (5)
1.5.4热固性树脂改性 (5)
1.5.5热塑性树脂改性 (6)
1.5.6其它改性方法 (6)
1.6研究的目的及主要内容 (6)
第2章DABPA/m-APA改性BDM研究 (8)
2.1前言 (8)
2.2 实验 (8)
2.2.1主要原料和设备 (8)
2.2.2实验过程 (9)
2.2.3增韧改性体系性能测试 (10)
2.3结果与讨论 (11)
2.3.1 DSC表征 (11)
2.3.2 FTIR的表征与分析 (13)
2.3.3树脂浇注体力学性能测试 (14)
比高犬
2.3.4增韧改性体系动态力学性能分析 (14)
右旋氨基物
2.3.5冲击试样断面扫描电镜图 (15)
2.4本章小结 (15)
第3章烯丙基环氧改性BDM研究 (17)
3.1前言 (17)
3.2实验 (17)
3.2.1主要原料和设备 (17)
3.2.2实验过程 (18)
3.2.3测试与表征 (19)
3.3结果讨论 (19)
3.3.1 固化制度的确定 (19)
3.3.2 FTIR表征与分析 (21)
3.3.3力学性能测试 (22)
3.4本章小结 (22)
第4章结论 (24)
参考文献 (25)
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