Windows下如何检测⽂件是被哪个进程占⽤了
Windws下如何检测⽂件是被哪个进程占⽤了
通过Windows的Restart Manager APIs可以实现⽂件被占⽤的查询。Restart Manager是Windows下⽤以实现Installer的APIs，详细请看。
C++ 实现：
这⾥是根据博客()进⾏了细微的修改，详细情况可进⼊博客了解。
#include<windows.h>
#include<RestartManager.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int __cdecl wmain(int argc, WCHAR** argv)
{
DWORD dwSession =0;
WCHAR szSessionKey[CCH_RM_SESSION_KEY +1];
DWORD dwError =RmStartSession(&dwSession,0, szSessionKey);
if(dwError != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
wprintf(L"RmStartSession Start Error, ErrorCode: %d\n", dwError);
getchar();
}
PCWSTR pszFile = argv[1];
dwError =RmRegisterResources(dwSession,1,&pszFile,0,NULL,0,NULL);
if(dwError != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
wprintf(L"RmRegisterResources for File %ls Error, ErrorCode: %d\n", pszFile, dwError);
getchar();
}
DWORD dwReason =0;
UINT i =0;
UINT nProcInfoNeeded =0;
UINT nProcInfo =10;
RM_PROCESS_INFO rgpi[10];
memset(rgpi,0,sizeof(rgpi));
dwError =RmGetList(dwSession,&nProcInfoNeeded,&nProcInfo, rgpi,&dwReason);
if(dwError != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
wprintf(L"RmGetList Error, ErrorCode: %d\n", dwError);
getchar();
}
if(nProcInfoNeeded ==0)
{
wprintf(L"This file is not in locked!");
getchar();
}
for(i =0; i < nProcInfo; i++)
{
wprintf(L"The locked file: %ls\n\n", pszFile);
wprintf(L"Who lock this file:\n");
wprintf(L"Name: \t%ls\n", rgpi[i].strAppName);
wprintf(L"ID : \t%d\n", rgpi[i].Process.dwProcessId);
HANDLE hProcess =OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, FALSE, rgpi[i].Process.dwProcessId);
if(hProcess)
if(hProcess)
{
// 这个if语句是为了判断是否是某个程序的某个进程(因为⼀个程序可以有多个进程) FILETIME ftCreate, ftExit, ftKernel, ftUser;
if(GetProcessTimes(hProcess,&ftCreate,&ftExit,&ftKernel,&ftUser)
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&&CompareFileTime(&rgpi[i].Process.ProcessStartTime,&ftCreate)==0)
{
WCHAR sz[MAX_PATH]={0};
DWORD ProcPathMaxLength = MAX_PATH;
if(QueryFullProcessImageNameW(hProcess,0, sz,&ProcPathMaxLength)&& ProcPathMaxLength <= MAX_PATH) {
wprintf(L"Path: \t%ls\n", sz);
}
}
wprintf(L"\n");
王安忆天香CloseHandle(hProcess);
}
}
RmEndSession(dwSession);
无限空间
getchar();
return0;
}
注意，编译时需要在链接项⾥的附加库⽬录加上Rstrtmgr.dll，在链接项的附加依赖项加上Rstrtmgr.lib。 C#实现：
C#实现是根据改编来的。
static public class FileUtil
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS
{
public int dwProcessId;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime;
}
const int RmRebootReasonNone =0;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME =255;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME =63;
enum RM_APP_TYPE
{
RmUnknownApp =0,
RmMainWindow =1,
RmOtherWindow =2,
成长日记纸尿裤RmService =3,
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RmExplorer =4,
RmConsole =5,
RmCritical =1000
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct RM_PROCESS_INFO
{
public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;
public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME +1)]
public string strAppName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME +1)]
public string strServiceShortName;
public RM_APP_TYPE ApplicationType;
public uint AppStatus;
public uint TSSessionId;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool bRestartable;
}
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern int RmRegisterResources(uint pSessionHandle,
UInt32 nFiles,
string[] rgsFilenames,
UInt32 nApplications,
[In] RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS[] rgApplications,
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UInt32 nServices,
string[] rgsServiceNames);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern int RmStartSession(out uint pSessionHandle,int dwSessionFlags,string strSessionKey);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmEndSession(uint pSessionHandle);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmGetList(uint dwSessionHandle,
out uint pnProcInfoNeeded,
ref uint pnProcInfo,
[In, Out] RM_PROCESS_INFO[] rgAffectedApps,
ref uint lpdwRebootReasons);
/// <summary>
/// Find out what process(es) have a lock on the specified file.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">Path of the file.</param>
/
// <returns>Processes locking the file</returns>
/// <remarks>See also:
/// msdn.microsoft/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373661(v=vs.85).aspx
/// lecode/svn-history/r401/trunk/frmFilesInUse.cs (no copyright in code at time of viewing) ///
/// </remarks>
static public List<Process>WhoIsLocking(string path)
{
uint handle;
string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
List<Process> processes =new List<Process>();
int res =RmStartSession(out handle,0, key);
if(res !=0)
throw new Exception("Could not begin restart session. Unable to determine file locker.");
try
{
const int ERROR_MORE_DATA =234;
uint pnProcInfoNeeded =0,
pnProcInfo =0,
lpdwRebootReasons = RmRebootReasonNone;
string[] resources =new string[]{ path };// Just checking on one resource.
string[] resources =new string[]{ path };// Just checking on one resource.
res =RmRegisterResources(handle,(uint)resources.Length, resources,0,null,0,null);
if(res !=0)
throw new Exception("Could not register resource.");
//Note: there's a race condition here -- the first call to RmGetList() returns
// the total number of process. However, when we call RmGetList() again to get
// the actual processes this number may have increased.
res =RmGetList(handle,out pnProcInfoNeeded,ref pnProcInfo,null,ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if(res == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
{
// Create an array to store the process results
RM_PROCESS_INFO[] processInfo =new RM_PROCESS_INFO[pnProcInfoNeeded];
pnProcInfo = pnProcInfoNeeded;
/
/ Get the list
res =RmGetList(handle,out pnProcInfoNeeded,ref pnProcInfo, processInfo,ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if(res ==0)
{
processes =new List<Process>((int)pnProcInfo);
// Enumerate all of the results and add them to the
// list to be returned
for(int i =0; i < pnProcInfo; i++)
{
try
{
processes.Add(Process.GetProcessById(processInfo[i].Process.dwProcessId));
}
// catch the error -- in case the process is no longer running
catch(ArgumentException){}
}
}
else
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource.");
}
else if(res !=0)
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource. Failed to get size of result.");
}
finally
{
RmEndSession(handle);
}
return processes;
}
}
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