X
* **
* **
X X X X
X (X-ray Diffraction) (Grazing Incident Diffraction; GID) (Specular Reflection) (Strain) (Texture)
X 10-2~102 1913 (W.H. Bragg W.L. Bragg) X (NaCl) X X X X
X
X (Bragg Law) 2d hkl sinθ=nλ
1
2
θ
θ2θ
θ
θ
θ
d
d
B
O
A
d(hkl)
θ
n
λX
(Extinction Condition) X (Phase)
(Space Group) (Structure Factor) X X X (Phase Identification)
X Bragg-Brentano (~40µm)
X
PDF
(Powder Diffraction File)
(Quartz, SiO2)
(Calcite, CaCO3) (Griceite,
LiF)
X
X
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
x10^3
20304050
2-Theta (*)
6070 46-1045> Quartz-SiO2
47-1743> Calcite - CaCO3
04-0857> Griceite- LiF
I
n
t
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
C
o
u
n
t
s
)
(Crystallite Size) (Stress) (Strain) (Preferred Orientation)
X
PDF JCPDS-ICDD(Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards-International Centre for Diffraction Data) X JCPDS-ICDD 51set 2001 10 2 70set PDF
datn
JCPDS-ICDD
(In Situ) 1200°C 1200°C X 1200°C 900°C
Jpow MDI (Materials Data Inc.) Jade Fit Profile MDI Jpow Debye-Scherrer Jpow
人脸识别怎么建模sin α/µ α X µ 1/µ 10~100µm (Å) X (Grazing Incident Diffraction; GID) X (Cross Section)
X X 2θ
(Poly-silicon) (a) (b)
0.35° (103) (002) Au (220) Au (111)
X
1
X
X
100 µm 100 µm
71 µm
0.9 µm
α = 0°α = 45°
α = 0.5°
100
µ
m X
(111)
2030
405060
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
(220)
(311)
(222)
(400)
(422)
(511)(440)
1200°C
900°C
600°C
RT
I n t e n s i t y (C o u n t s )
2-Theta (°)
(Critical Angle) (Total External Reflection Diffraction;TERD) TERD
X
X sin α/µ (α>>αc ) αc X X nm Cu-K α X X R R ∝ (4π sin θ/λ)-4 X X
大众传媒的影响ZnO (002)
ZnO (103)
Au (220)
Gid 1.0Gid 0.9Gid 0.8Gid 0.7Gid 0.6Gid 0.5Gid 0.4Gid 0.35
40003500
300025002000150010005000
Au (111)
I n t e n s i t y (C o u n t s )
2-Theta (°)
30
40
50
60708090100
ZnO X Poly-silicon
2015年新年寄语
1000
750
500
250
27-1402> Silicon - Si
30
40
502-Theta (°)
I n t e n s i t y (C o u n t s )
(a) Thin Film Mode
(b) Powder Mode
60
70
Cu-K αX
Kiessig
X X
X (Specular Reflection) 10-3000Å Å Kiessig
637Å 700Å
X 1 2 (Collimator)
X (Grain) X (Perfect
(C o u n t s )
0.80.9
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3403002802602402202001801601401201008060
Y = A + B * X A 12.6B 1.46
6080100120(n+∆n)2科学家发现人类新
器官 140160180200
1.42-Theta (°)
1.5
1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
2.0
2T=0.982
2T=1.117
2T=1.254
2T=1.3852T=1.513
2T=1.6502T=1.780
s i n 2θ × 10
6
700Å (Cr) X
X
Kiessig
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