2005年新题型
Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.
加拿大的省长们，如果在七月年会上抱怨政府之后还有口气的话，也许会抽点时间干点正事来降低医疗费用了。 They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41. ________
他们都对飞涨的医疗预算怨声载道，其中最贵的是药品的价格。 41. 参考答案【E】
【解析】这一段从后面的一句“What to do?”可以很明显的判断出，这一段应该是讲述一个现象，于是后面提出解决办法。而从上面一段可以判断出，这种现象应该包括药价这个问题，七个选项中只有 E 选项既是现象又提到了药价。 盐卤水
What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. ○2 Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.
42.________
我们能做什么呢？Romanow 和Kirby 这两个医疗机构——更不用说其他专家们了——推荐我们建立一个全国性的药物机构。这样就不需要各省自列认可药物清单、无需各自的机构和程序，更不用限定讨价还价的权力。各省都将集中资源，和政府合作，建立全国性的机构。 42. 参考答案【C】
【解析】下面一段开头一句But “national”doesn’t have to mean that.很显然，这个that 指代的应该就是42 段的内容，所以这段讲的应该是全国性的问题。选项C 符合要求。
But “national” doesn’t have t o mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial -- provinces combining efforts to create one body.
但是“全国性”并不限于这一点，“全国性”意味着省际合作——各省努力打造一个机构。
Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province -- or a series of hospitals within a province -- negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.
不管是哪一种，“全国性”机构的一个好处是可以尽可能地从供药商那里拿到更好的价格，这取代了以前一个省——或者省内的医院——出面就该省清单上的某种药品讨价还价，这个国家机构将代表所有的省。
Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.本原多项式
43. ________
举个例子说，以往是魁北克代表七百万人去谈价钱，现在则是国家机构代表三千一百万
荆轲刺秦王背景汇文系统人。经济学的基础知识告诉我们，潜在用户的基数越大，拿到好价钱的可能性越高。43. 参考答案【G】
【解析】这一段前面讲国家级机构的好处，后面讲我们已经迈出了一小步，这里应该是顺接的一段。从选项来看，G 选项是比较合适的，虽然药商们不满意，但是因为他们要赚钱，他们会自己解决这个问题。
A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and
regrettably, Quebec refused to join.
我们已经朝着国家机构的方向迈出了一小步，加拿大医疗技术评估合作办事处建立了，这是由加拿大政府和各省共同资助的。它的下属机构公共药品评估委员会负责向各省推荐省级清单应该包括的新药，遗憾的是，魁北克拒绝加入。
A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.
44. ________
一些省长怀疑任何一个联邦政府和省的合作。他们（尤其是魁北克和阿尔伯达）只希望加拿大政府拿出几十亿额外的资金和越少越好的附加条件。这是国家清单举步维艰和药品价格飞涨的原因之一。
44. 参考答案【F】
【解析】这一段前面讲一些省拒绝和加拿大政府合作，他们希望自己做，所以下面一段接F 选项，说他们如果要自己做应该解决一些什么问题是顺理成章的。
Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governmentsmore influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”
45.________
省长们喜欢选择性地引用Romanow 先生的报告，尤其是联邦政府应该提供更多资金的部分。也许他们应该读一读他关于药品的话：“一个全国性的药物机构能够在药品公司方面给政府施加更大的影响，以便遏制不断上涨的药价。”
45. 参考答案【B】
【解析】这一段前面讲省长们应该读Romanow 先生的报告，最后一段是“所以”开头，所以这里应该是继续讲和Romanow相关的内容，七个选项中，最合适的是B 选项，在文中，Kirby 先生一直是和Romanow 先生被并列提出。
So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.
所以，当省长们聚集在尼亚加拉大瀑布发表他们的抱怨清单的时候，他们应该也干点分内的事儿帮帮他们的预算和病人。
[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent!
[A] 魁北克反抗一家全国性机构的观点已经过时了。最先支持国家清单的是拉瓦尔大学的一个研究人员。魁北克的药品机
[B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug compan ies.”
[B] 或者他们会读一下Kirby 先生的报告：“这样一家机构的巨大购买力可以加强公共处方药品计划的实施，这一计划的目的是尽可能的从药品公司拿到好的价钱。”
[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.
[C] “全国性”是什么意思呢？Roy Romanow 和参议员Michael Kirby 建议成立一个联邦政府和省政府合作的机构，类似最近成立的国家医疗委员会。
[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.叶嘉莹
[D] 这个问题既简单又刻板：医疗开支的增长已经、正在而且将继续超过政府的收入。
[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.
[E] 根据加拿大健康信息机构的调查，从1997 年以来，处方药的开支增长已经是所有医疗福利增长的
两倍。这种增长一部分是源自一些药品被用来取代其他的手段。另一部分原因是新药比原有的品种更贵。
[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. [F] 所以，如果各省希望把医疗做下去，他们应该证明他们能做下去，从一个各省合作的医疗清单开始，这个清单可以避免重复、节省政府开支，避免各省之间互相倾轧，努力争取更好的价格。
[G] Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.
[G] 当然，处方药品公司可能要尖叫了。他们喜欢分散的买家；在那种情况下，他们可以更好的谈判。他们可以威胁说把工作机会从一个省转移到另一个省。他们希望那样，如果一个省的清单上有一种药品，这种压力会让其他省也把这种药品列入他们的清单。他们不喜欢一个全国性的机构，但是逐利本性会让他们解决这个问题。
【核心词汇】
soar [sɔ:] n. 高扬，翱翔vi. 往上飞舞，高耸，翱翔
pharmaceutical [fɑ:mə'sju:tikəl] 配药学的
bureaucracy [bju:'rɔkrəsi] n. 官僚，官吏
fork over (不情愿地)交出, 交付, 放弃博鳌蓝海岸
constrain [kən'strein] vt. 强迫，勉强，驱使；抑制
【难句解析】
1. Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.
【解析】这个句子的主干是Canada’s premiers might spare a moment…括号里的话是注明premiers 的，if 引导的是一个表示假设的条件状语从句。【翻译】加拿大的省长们，如果在七月年会上抱怨政府之后还有口气的话，也许会抽点时间干点正事来降低医疗费用了。
2. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.
【解析】这里instead of 引导的句子是到bargaining power 这里结束的，句子主要说的内容是后面半句：整合资源、和政府合作、建立全国性的机构。前面的own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining
power 都是并列的。【翻译】这样就不需要各省自列认可药物清单、无需各自的机构和程序，更不用限定的讨价还价权力。各省都将集中资源，
和政府合作，建立全国性的机构。
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