Designation:B280–03
Standard Specification for
Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and
Refrigeration Field Service1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation B280;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1.Scope*
1.1This specification establishes the requirements for seam-
less copper tube intended for use in the connection,repairs,or
alternations of air conditioning or refrigeration units in the
field.
N OTE1—Fittings used for soldered or brazed connections in air
conditioning and refrigeration systems are described in ASME Standard
B16.22.
N OTE2—The assembly of copper tubular systems by soldering is
described in Practice B828.
N OTE3—Solders for joining copper tubular systems are described in
Specification B32.The requirements for acceptablefluxes for these
systems are described in Specification B813.
1.2The tube shall be produced from the following coppers,
and the manufacturer has the option to supply any one of them,
unless otherwise specified:
Copper UNS No.Previously Used
Designation
Description
C10200OF Oxygen free without
residual deoxidants C12000DLP Phosphorus deoxidized,
low residual phosphorus C12200DHP Phosphorus deoxidized,
high residual phosphorus 1.3Values stated in inch-pound units are the standard except for grain size which is stated in SI units.SI values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4The following hazard statement pertains only to the test method described in Section18.
2.4of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
B32Specification for Solder Metal
B153Test Method for Expansion(Pin Test)of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tube
B577Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide(Hy-drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility)in Copper
B601Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
B813Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Solder-ing Applications of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
B828Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings
E3Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E53Test Methods for Determination of Copper in Unal-loyed Copper by Gravimetry
E62Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys(Photometric Methods)
去年的树课堂实录E112Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain Size
E243Practice for Electromagnetic(Eddy-Current)Exami-nation of Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
E255Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
E527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS) 2.2ASME Standards:3
B1622Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04on Pipe and Tube.
Current edition approved Oct.1,2003.Published November2003.Originally approved in1953.Last previous edition approved in2002as B280–02.
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME),ASME International Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY10016-5990.
1
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
3.Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1.1average diameter(for round tubes only),n—the average of the maximum and minimum outside diameters,or maximum and minimum inside diameters,whichever is appli-cable,as determined at any one cross section of the tube. 3.1.2bright anneal,n—a thermal treatment carried out in a controlled atmosphere so that surface oxidation is reduced to a minimum and the surface remains relatively bright.
3.1.3coil,n—a length of the product wound into a series of connected turns.The unqualified term“coil”as applied to tube usually refers to a bunched coil.
3.1.3.1bunched,n—a coil in which the turns are bunched and held together such that the cross section of the bunched turns is approximately circular.
3.1.3.2level or traverse wound,n—a coil in which the turns are wound into layers parallel to the axis of the coil such that successive turns in a given layer are next to one another. (Sometimes called“helical coil.”)
3.1.3.3single layerflat,n—a coil in which the product is spirally wound into a single disk-like layer.(Sometimes called “pancake coil”or“single layer spirally wound coil.”)
3.1.3.4double layerflat,n—a coil in which the product is spirally wound into two connected disk-like layers such that one layer is on top of the other.(Sometimes called“double layer pancake coil”or“double layer spirally wound coil.”) 3.1.4lengths,n—straight pieces of the product.
3.1.
4.1specific,n—straight lengths that are uniform in length,as specified,and subject to established length toler-ances.
3.1.
威廉加拉4.2standard,n—uniform lengths recommended in a Simplified Practice Recommendation or established as a Com-mercial Standard.
3.1.5tube,seamless,n—a tube produced with a continuous periphery in all stages of the operations.
3.1.5.1tube,air conditioning,n—a seamless copper tube conforming to a standard series of sizes(Table6)and to specified internal cleanness requirements,normally furnished in drawn temper straight lengths with the ends capped or sealed.
3.1.5.2tube,refrigeration service,n—a seamless copper tube conforming to a standard series of sizes(Table5)and to special internal cleanliness and dehydration requirements, normally furnished in soft temper coils and with ends capped or sealed.
3.2Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1capable of—the test need not be performed by the producer of the material.However,if subsequent testing by the purchaser establishes that the material does not meet these requirements,the material shall be subject to rejection.
4.Ordering Information
4.1Include this information for contracts or purchase orders for products furnished to this specification:
4.1.1ASTM designation and year of issue(for example, B280–03),
4.1.2Copper UNS No.(not necessary unless a specific copper is desired),
4.1.3Dimensions;wall thickness,diameter,and so forth (Section13),
4.1.4How furnished:coils or straight lengths,
4.1.5Temper(for example,O60or H58),
4.1.6Size(Tables5and6),
4.1.7Length(Section13),
4.1.8Quantity(total pieces of each size and type),
4.1.9When product purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government(Section12).
4.2The following options are available and shall be speci-fied in the contract or purchase order when required:
4.2.1Expansion test(Section10.1),
4.2.2Cleanness test(Sections10.2and18.2.4),
4.2.3Microscopical Examination for Hydrogen Embrittle-ment,Procedure B(10.3.2),
4.2.4Certification(Section22),and
4.2.5Test report(Section23).
5.Materials and Manufacture
5.1Materials—The material of manufacture shall be billets, bars,or tube and shall be of such soundness as to be suitable for processing into the tubular products described.
5.2Manufacture:
5.2.1The tube shall be manufactured by such hot or cold working processes as to produce a homogeneous uniform wrought structure in thefinished product.The tube shall be cold drawn to thefinished size and wall thickness.
5.2.2Coiled lengths specified O60,soft annealed temper, shall be bright annealed after coiling,then d
ehydrated,and capped,plugged,crimped,or otherwise closed at both ends so as to maintain the internal cleanness of the tubing under normal conditions of handling and storage.
5.2.3Straight lengths specified H58hard-drawn temper shall be cleaned and capped,plugged,or otherwise closed at both ends so as to maintain the internal cleanness of the tubing under normal conditions of handling and storage.
6.Chemical Composition
6.1The chemical composition shall conform to the chemi-cal requirements in Table1for the specific type of copper. 6.1.1These limits do not preclude the presence of other elements.When included in the contract or purchase order,and agreed upon by the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser, limits shall be established and analysis required for unnamed elements.
7.Temper
7.1Product under this specification shall be furnished in either O60(soft annealed)or H58(drawn general purpose)
TABLE1Chemical Composition—Weight% Element Copper UNS No.
C10200A C12000C12200 Copper,B min99.9599.9099.9
<0.004–0.0120.015–0.040
A Oxygen shall be10ppm max.
B Copper+
silver.
temper,as specified in the contract or purchase order and defined in Classification B601.
7.1.1Coils are normally furnished in O60temper and straight lengths in H58temper.
8.Grain Size
8.1Coiled lengths shall be furnished in the O60temper and shall have a recrystallized average grain
size of0.035mm minimum when determined in accordance with Test Methods E112.
9.Tensile Requirements
9.1The tube shall conform to the tensile requirements prescribed in Table2.
10.Performance Requirements
10.1Expansion Test:
10.1.1Tube furnished in the O60soft annealed temper shall be capable of being expanded in accordance with Test Method B153to the following extent:
10.1.1.1The expanded tube shall show no cracking or other defects visible to the unaided eye.
10.1.2Unless specified in the contract or purchase order, this test is not required to be performed by the manufacturer.
10.2Cleanness of Interior Surface:
10.2.1When specified in the contract or purchase order,this test shall be performed by the manufactu
rer.
10.2.2After evaporation of the cleaning solvent,the residue weight shall not exceed0.0035g/ft2(0.038g/m2)of the interior surface.The maximum amount of residue in grams per tube shall not exceed the limits specified in Table3and Table 4.
10.3Microscopical Examination for Susceptibility to Hy-drogen Embrittlement:
10.3.1Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No.C10200and C12000shall be essentially free of cuprous oxide as deter-mined by Procedure A of Test Methods B577.When Copper UNS No.C12200is supplied,examination is not required.In case of a dispute,Procedure C of Test Methods B577shall be used as the referee method.
10.3.2Tubes furnished in all coppers shall be capable of passing the embrittlement test specified in Procedure B of Test Methods B577.The actual performance of the test is not required unless specifically requested in the ordering docu-ment.In case of a dispute,Procedure C of Test Methods B577 shall be used as the referee method.
11.Nondestructive Testing
11.1Electromagnetic(Eddy-Current)Examination:
11.1.1Each straight length of tube up to and including31⁄8 in.(79.4mm)in outside diameter,shall be subjected to examination.
11.1.2Tubes that do not actuate the signaling device on the testing unit,after having been adjusted to provide information on the suitability of the tube for the intended application,shall conform to the requirements of this test.Testing shall be in accordance with Practice E243.
11.1.3Testing of coiled lengths shall be subject to negotia-tion between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
11.1.4For tubes too large for the testing unit,the test method to be used shall be by agreement between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.
12.Purchases for Agencies of the U.S.Government
12.1When specified in the contract or purchase order, product purchased for agencies of the U.S.Government shall conform to the requirements stipulated in the Supplementary Requirements.
13.Dimensions,Mass,and Permissible Variations
13.1The standard dimensions and weights per foot for the various nominal sizes are given in Tables5and6.
TABLE2Tensile Requirements
Form
Temper Designation
Tensile Strength,
min
Elongation in
2in.(50.8
mm),min,% Standard Former ksi A MPa B
Coiled lengths O60soft annealed3020540 Straight lengths H58drawn general
purpose
<
A ksi=1000psi.
B See Appendix X1.TABLE3Interior Surface Residue Limits of Soft Coiled Lengths Standard
Size,in.
Wall
Thickness,in.
(mm)
Internal Area per Length of Tube,
ft2(m2)
Residue A
Limit per50-ft
(15.2-m)Coil,
g
1ft(0.305m)50ft(15.2m) 1⁄80.030(0.762)0.0171(0.00159)0.85(0.0795)0.0030 3⁄160.030(0.762)0.0333(0.00309) 1.67(0.155)0.0058 1⁄40.030(0.762)0.0498(0.00467) 2.49(0.234)0.0087 5⁄160.032(0.813)0.6050(0.00604) 3.25(0.302)0.0114 3⁄80.032(0.813)0.0815(0.00757) 4.08(0.379)0.0143 1⁄20.032(0.813)0.1142(0.0106) 5.71(0.530)0.0200 5⁄80.035(0.889)0.1453(0.0135)7.26(0.675)0.0254 3⁄40.035(0.889)0.1780(0.0165)8.90(0.827)0.0312 3⁄40.042(1.07)0.1744(0.0162)8.72(0.810)0.0305 7⁄80.045(1.14)0.2055(0.0191)10.28(0.955)0.0360 11⁄80.050(1.27)0.2683(0.0249)13.42(1.24)0.0470 13⁄80.055(1.40)0.3312(0.0308)16.56(1.54)0.0580 15⁄80.060(1.52)0.3940(0.0366)19.70(1.83)0.0690
A Residue limit0.0035-g/ft2(0.038-g/m2)inside area.
TABLE4Interior Surface Residue Limits of Straight Lengths
Standard
Size,in.
Wall
Thickness,in.
(mm)
Internal Area per Length of Tube,
ft2(m2)
Residue A
Limit per20-ft
(6.10-m)
Straight
Length,g
1ft(0.305m)20ft(6.10m)
杯芳烃3⁄80.030(0.762)0.0824(0.00765) 1.65(0.153)0.0058 1⁄20.035(0.889)0.1126(0.0105) 2.25(0.210)0.0079 5⁄80.040(1.02)0.1427(0.0133) 2.85(0.266)0.0100 3⁄40.042(1.07)0.1744(0.0162) 3.49(0.324)0.0122 7⁄80.045(1.14)0.2055(0.0191) 4.11(0.382)0.0144 11⁄80.050(1.27)0.2683(0.0249) 5.37(0.498)0.0188 13⁄80.055(1.40)0.3312(0.0308) 6.62(0.616)0.0232 15⁄80.060(1.52)0.3940(0.0366)7.88(0.732)0.0276 21⁄80.070(1.78)0.5197(0.0423)10.39(0.846)0.0364 25⁄80.080(2.03)0.6453(0.0599)12.91(1.120)0.0453 31⁄80.090(2.29)0.7710(0.0716)15.42(1.43)0.0540 35⁄80.100(2.54)0.8966(0.0833)17.93(1.67)0.0628 41⁄80.110(2.79) 1.0220(0.0949)20.44(1.900.0717
A Residue limit0.0035-g/ft2(0.038-g/m2)inside
area.
13.2Wall Thickness and Diameter —The tolerances for wall thickness and diameter shall conform to the requirements specified in Tables 7and 5.13.3Lengths and Tolerances :
13.3.1Standard Lengths and Tolerances —The standard length for coils shall be 50ft (15.2m).The length tolerances for 50-ft coils shall be +12in.(300mm)and –0in.The standard length for straight lengths shall be 20ft (6.10m).The length tolerances for 20-ft lengths shall be +1in.(25mm)and –0in.
13.3.2Tubes supplied in other than standard lengths and tolerances shall be in accordance with requirements established by agreement between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
13.4Roundness —For drawn unannealed tube in straight lengths,the roundness tolerance as specified in Table 6.The deviation from roundness is measured as the difference be-tween major and minor diameters as determined at any one cross section of the tube.Roundness tolerance has not been established for annealed tube in straight lengths nor for tubes furnished in coils.
13.5Squareness of Cut —For tube in straight lengths,the departure from squareness of the end of any tube shall not exceed more than 0.010in.(0.25mm)for tube up to and including 5⁄8-in.(15.9-mm)standard size;and not more than 0.016in./in.(0.016mm/mm)of outside diameter,for tube larger than 5⁄8-in.standard size.
13.6For the purpose of determining conformance with the dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification,any measured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension shall be
subject to rejection.
TABLE 5Standard Dimensions and Weights,and Tolerances in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Straight Lengths
N OTE 1—Applicable to drawn temper tube only.
Standard Size,in.
Outside Diameter,in.(mm)Wall Thickness,in.(mm)
Weight,lb/ft (kg/m)
Tolerances
Average A Outside Diam-eter,Plus and Minus,in.
(mm)
Wall B Thickness,Plus and
Minus,in.(mm)
3⁄80.375(9.52)0.030(0.762)0.126(0.187)0.001(0.025)0.003(0.08)1⁄20.500(12.7)0.035(0.889)0.198(0.295)0.001(0.025)0.004(0.09)5⁄80.625(15.9)0.040(1.02)0.285(0.424)0.001(0.025)0.004(0.10)3⁄40.750(19.1)0.042(1.07)0.362(0.539)0.001(0.025)0.004(0.11)7⁄80.875(22.3)0.045(1.14)0.455(0.677)0.001(0.025)0.004(0.11)11⁄8 1.125(28.6)0.050(1.27)0.655(0.975)0.0015(0.038)0.004(0.13)13⁄8 1.375(34.9)0.055(1.40)0.884(1.32)0.0015(0.038)0.006(0.14)15⁄8 1.625(41.3)0.060(1.52) 1.14(1.70)0.002(0.051)0.006(0.15)21⁄8 2.125(54.0)0.070(1.78) 1.75(2.60)0.002(0.051)0.007(0.18)25⁄8 2.625(66.7)0.080(2.03) 2.48(3.69)0.002(0.051)0.008(0.20)31⁄8 3.125(79.4)0.090(2.29) 3.33(4.96)0.002(0.051)0.009(0.23)35⁄8 3.625(92.1)0.100(2.54) 4.29(6.38)0.002(0.051)0.010(0.25)41⁄8
4.125(105)0.110(2.79)
5.38(8.01)
0.002
(0.051)
0.011
(0.28)
A The average outside diameter of a tube is the average of the maximum and minimum outside diameters as determined at any one cross section of the tube.B
The tolerances listed represent the maximum deviation at any point.
TABLE 6Roundness Tolerance
N OTE 1—Applicable to drawn unannealed straight length tube only.
t/D (Ratio of Wall Thickness to Nominal
Outside Diameter)
Roundness Tolerance Percent of Nominal Outside Diameter (Ex-pressed to Nearest
0.010mm)
0.01to 0.03,incl
1.5Over 0.03to 0.05,incl 1.0Over 0.05to 0.10,incl
0.8
TABLE 7Standard Dimensions and Weights,and Tolerances in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Coil Lengths
陈书录Standard Size,in.
Outside Diameter,in.(mm)Wall Thickness,in.(mm)
Weight,lb/ft (kg/m)
Tolerances
Average A Outside
Diameter,Plus and Minus,
in.(mm)
Wall B Thickness,Plus and
Minus,in.(mm)
1⁄80.125(3.18)0.030(0.762)0.0347(0.0516)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)3⁄160.187(4.75)0.030(0.762)0.0575(0.0856)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)1⁄
40.250(6.35)0.030(0.762)0.0804(0.120)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)5⁄
16
超声波料位计0.312(7.92)0.032(0.813)0.109(0.162)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)3⁄80.375(9.52)0.032(0.813)0.134(0.199)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)1⁄2
0.500(12.7)0.032(0.813)0.182(0.271)0.002(0.051)0.003(0.08)5⁄80.625(15.9)0.035(0.889)0.251(0.373)0.002(0.051)0.004(0.11)3⁄40.750(19.1)0.035(0.889)0.305(0.454)0.0025(0.064)0.004(0.11)3⁄40.750(19.1)0.042(1.07)0.362(0.539)0.0025(0.064)0.004(0.11)7⁄80.875(22.3)0.045(1.14)0.455(0.677)0.003(0.076)0.004(0.11)11⁄8 1.125(28.6)0.050(1.27)0.665(0.975)0.0035(0.089)0.005(0.13)13⁄8 1.375(34.9)0.055(1.40)0.884(1.32)0.004(0.10)0.006(0.15)15⁄8
1.625(41.3)0.060(1.52) 1.14(1.70)
0.0045
山野的呼唤
(0.11)
0.006
(0.15)
A The average outside diameter of a tube is the average of the maximum and minimum outside diam
eters as determined at any one cross section of the tube.B
The tolerances listed represent the maximum deviation at any
point.
14.Workmanship,Finish and Appearance
14.1The finished tube shall be smooth,free of internal and external mechanical imperfections,and shall have a clean,bright appearance.
15.Sampling
15.1The lot size,portion size,and selection of sample pieces shall be as follows:
15.1.1Lot Size —The lot size shall be 10000lbs (5000kg)or fraction thereof.
15.1.2Portion Size —Sample pieces shall be selected to be representative of the lot as shown in Table 8.
15.1.2.1In the case of tube furnished in coils,a length sufficient for all necessary tests shall be cut from each coil selected for purpose of test.The remaining portion of these coils shall be included in the shipment,and the permissible variations in length on such coils shall be waived.15.2Chemical Composition :
15.2.1The sample shall be taken in approximately equal weight from each piece selected in 15.1.2and prepared in accordance with Practice E 255.The minimum weight of the composite sample shall be 150g.
15.2.2Instead of sampling in accordance with Practice E 255,the manufacturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castings are poured or from the semifinished product.When the composition is determined during the course of manufacture,sampling of the finished product is not required.15.2.3The number of samples taken during the course of manufacture shall be as follows:
15.2.3.1When samples are taken at the time the castings are poured,at least one sample shall be taken for each group of castings poured simultaneously from the same source of molten metal.
15.2.3.2When samples are taken from the semifinished product,a sample shall be taken to represent each 10000lbs (5000kg)or fraction thereof,except that not more than one sample per piece shall be required.
15.3Other Tests —Specimens for all other tests shall be taken from two of the sample pieces selected in 15.1.2.In the event only one sample piece is selected,all specimens shall be taken from that piece.
16.Number of Tests and Retests 16.1Tests :
16.1.1Chemical composition shall be reported as the aver-age of results from at least two replicate determinations for each specified element and each determination must meet specification requirement.
16.1.2Tensile and grain size shall be reported as the average of results from the specimens tested and all specimens must conform to specification requirements.
16.1.3Specimens for all other tests must meet specification requirements.16.2Retest :
16.2.1When test results obtained by the purchaser fail to conform with the product specification requirement(s),the manufacturer or supplier shall have the option to perform a retest.
16.2.2Retesting shall be as directed in the product specifi-cation for the initial test except for the number of test specimens which shall be twice that normally required for the test.Test results for all specimens shall conform to the product specification requirement(s)in retest and failure to comply shall be cause for lot rejection.17.Specimen Preparation
17.1Chemical Analysis —Preparation of the analytical specimens for the determination of chemical composition shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.17.2Grain Size and Microscopical Examination :
17.2.1The specimen(s)shall be prepared in accordance with Guide E 3.
17.2.2The surface of the specimen shall approximate a radial longitudinal section of the tube.
17.3Tensile —Tensile test specimens shall be of the full section of the tube and shall conform with the requirements of the Test Specimen section of Test Methods E 8,unless the limitation of the testin
g machine precludes the use of such specimen in which case test specimen conforming to Type No.1of Fig.13in Test Methods E 8shall be used.
17.4Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current)Test —Tubes for this test require no special preparation.
17.5Expansion Test —Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the Test Specimen section of Test Method B 153.
18.Test Methods
18.1Chemical Composition :
18.1.1Chemical composition,in case of disagreement,shall be determined as follows:
Element Test Method
Copper
E 53Phosphorus
E 62
18.1.2The test method(s)to be followed for the determina-tion of element(s)required by contractual or purchase order agreement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
18.2The tubes shall conform with the physical and me-chanical properties and other requirements in this specification when tested in accordance with the following appropriate test method or practice:
TABLE 8Sampling Schedule
N OTE 1—Each sample piece shall be taken from a separate tube.
Number of Pieces in Lot
Number of Sample Pieces to be Taken 1to 50151to 2002201to 15003
Over 1500
0.2%of total number of pieces in the lot,but not
to exceed 10
pieces
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