STM32F407野⽕霸天虎系列笔记（六）⾼级定时器
⼀、前⾔
我在学习的过程中，经历过毫⽆头绪，到⼀堆学习资料却不知从何开始的痛苦。我希望我整理的笔记，不光可以⽅便⾃⼰在以后的项⽬中拿来即⽤，也希望能够对那些喜欢玩硬件、爱折腾的⼩伙伴有所帮助。如果你们觉得我的⽂章对你们有⽤，欢迎⼤家点赞+收藏，让我知道，我的⼯作是有价值的。
这篇笔记，综合参考了野⽕、正点原⼦、st官⽅以及⽹络上的⼀些资料，然后经过我⾃⼰的思考、尝试与实践，从⽽整理出来的。感谢那些愿意在学习的路上分享⾃⼰知识与经验的前辈。
⼆、代码和理论
（⼀）、PWM输出编程思路
1.定时器GPIO初始化
选⽤三个引脚，输出引脚，互补输出引脚，断路输⼊引脚，配置好引脚相关参数，选择复⽤功能，再连接好各个引脚的复⽤功能。 /*定义⼀个GPIO_InitTypeDef类型的结构体*/ GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd (ADVANCE_OCPWM_GPIO_CLK | ADVANCE_OCNPWM_GPIO_CLK| ADVANCE_BKIN_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);
/* 指定引脚复⽤功能 */
GPIO_PinAFConfig(ADVANCE_OCPWM_GPIO_PORT,ADVANCE_OCPWM_PINSOURCE, ADVANCE_OCPWM_AF);
GPIO_PinAFConfig(ADVANCE_OCNPWM_GPIO_PORT,ADVANCE_OCNPWM_PINSOURCE,ADVANCE_OCNPWM_AF);
GPIO_PinAFConfig(ADVANCE_BKIN_GPIO_PORT,ADVANCE_BKIN_PINSOURCE,ADVANCE_BKIN_AF);
/* 定时器功能引脚初始化 */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = ADVANCE_OCPWM_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;
GPIO_Init(ADVANCE_OCPWM_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = ADVANCE_OCNPWM_PIN;
GPIO_Init(ADVANCE_OCNPWM_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = ADVANCE_BKIN_PIN;
GPIO_Init(ADVANCE_BKIN_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
2.定时器时基结构体TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef初始化
⾼级定时器属于APB2，内部时钟是168MHZ，在时基结构体中我们设置定时器周期参数为1000，频率为1MHz，使⽤向上计数⽅式。因为我们使⽤的是内部时钟，所以外部时钟采样分频成员不需要设置，重复计数器我们没⽤到，也不需要设置。
Period（定时器周期）范围是0~65535
ClockDivision（时钟分频）设置定时器时钟CK_INT频率与死区发⽣器以及数字滤波器采样时钟频率分频⽐。可以选择1、2、4分频。
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
// 开启TIMx_CLK,x[1,8]
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(ADVANCE_TIM_CLK, ENABLE);
/* 累计 TIM_Period个后产⽣⼀个更新或者中断*/
氧空位//当定时器从0计数到1023，即为1024次，为⼀个定时周期，可以⾃⼰定义 TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 1024-1;
// ⾼级控制定时器时钟源TIMxCLK = HCLK=168MHz
// 设定定时器频率为=TIMxCLK/(TIM_Prescaler+1)=100000Hz
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 1680-1;
// 采样时钟分频，配置死区时间要⽤到
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1;
// 计数⽅式，向上
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;
// 重复计数器，没⽤到不⽤管
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;
// 初始化定时器TIMx, x[1,8]
王冠石TIM_TimeBaseInit(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
3.定时器输出⽐较结构体TIM_OCInitTypeDef初始化ChannelPulse是调节占空⽐的⼤⼩可以⾃⼰定义
配置完成后要使能通道，和使能定时器
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
/
//配置为PWM模式1，常⽤的为PWM1/PWM2
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Enable; //脉冲宽度，范围为0⾄65535
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = ChannelPulse;
//可选择⾼电平还是低电平有效，决定着定时器通道有效电平
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_High;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Set;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNIdleState = TIM_OCNIdleState_Reset; //使能通道1
TIM_OC1Init(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
/* 使能通道1重载 */
TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(ADVANCE_TIM, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);
4.定时器刹车和死区结构体TIM_BDTRInitTypeDef初始化
TIM_BDTRInitTypeDef TIM_BDTRInitStructure;
/* ⾃动输出使能，断路、死区时间和锁定配置 */
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_OSSRState = TIM_OSSRState_Enable;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_OSSIState = TIM_OSSIState_Enable;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_LOCKLevel = TIM_LOCKLevel_1;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_DeadTime = 11;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_Break = TIM_Break_Enable;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_BreakPolarity = TIM_BreakPolarity_Low;
TIM_BDTRInitStructure.TIM_AutomaticOutput = TIM_AutomaticOutput_Enable;
TIM_BDTRConfig(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_BDTRInitStructure);
// 使能定时器
TIM_Cmd(ADVANCE_TIM, ENABLE);
/* 主动输出使能 */
TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(ADVANCE_TIM, ENABLE);
（⼆）、PWM输⼊编程思路
1.初始化相关GPOI⼝（连接通⽤定时器和⾼级定时器的）
/*定义⼀个GPIO_InitTypeDef类型的结构体*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
/
*开启LED相关的GPIO外设时钟*/
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd (GENERAL_OCPWM_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd (ADVANCE_ICPWM_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);
/* 定时器复⽤引脚 */
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GENERAL_OCPWM_GPIO_PORT,GENERAL_OCPWM_PINSOURCE,GENERAL_OCPWM_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(ADVANCE_ICPWM_GPIO_PORT,ADVANCE_ICPWM_PINSOURCE,ADVANCE_ICPWM_AF);
/* 通⽤定时器PWM输出引脚 */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GENERAL_OCPWM_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;
GPIO_Init(GENERAL_OCPWM_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
太极图解/* ⾼级控制定时器PWM输⼊捕获引脚 */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = ADVANCE_ICPWM_PIN;
GPIO_Init(ADVANCE_ICPWM_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
2.通⽤定时器产⽣PWM配置
再通⽤定时器中配置时基结构体和输出结构体初始化
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
// 开启TIMx_CLK,x[2,3,4,5,12,13,14]
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(GENERAL_TIM_CLK, ENABLE);
/* 累计 TIM_Period个后产⽣⼀个更新或者中断*/
/
/当定时器从0计数到9999，即为10000次，为⼀个定时周期
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 10000-1;
// 通⽤定时器2时钟源TIMxCLK = HCLK/2=84MHz
// 设定定时器频率为=TIMxCLK/(TIM_Prescaler+1)=100KHz
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 840-1;
// 采样时钟分频
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1;
// 计数⽅式
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;
// 初始化定时器TIMx, x[1,8]
TIM_TimeBaseInit(GENERAL_TIM, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
/
* PWM输出模式配置 */
/* 配置为PWM模式1 */
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
/* PWM脉冲宽度 */
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 3000-1;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
/* 使能通道1 */
TIM_OC1Init(GENERAL_TIM, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
/*使能通道1重载*/
TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(GENERAL_TIM, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);
/
内部错误
/ 使能定时器
TIM_Cmd(GENERAL_TIM, ENABLE);
}
3.⾼级定时器PWM输⼊配置
再⾼级定时器中配置时基结构体，输⼊捕获结构体，从模式结构体初始化
先选定捕获通道IC1和IC2通道1，捕获周期，通道2，捕获占空⽐
I2C作为间接输⼊模式，我们需要配置他的从模式，即从模式复位模式，定时器触发源为TIM_TS_TI1FP1，最后使⽤函数HAL_TIM_SlaveConfigSynchronization进⾏配置。
static void TIM_PWMINPUT_Config(void)
{
//初始化三个结构体，时基结构体，输⼊捕获结构体，模式结构体
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM_ICInitStructure;
一倍体// 开启TIMx_CLK,x[1,8]
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(ADVANCE_TIM_CLK, ENABLE);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 0xFFFF-1;
// ⾼级控制定时器时钟源TIMxCLK = HCLK=168MHz
// 设定定时器频率为=TIMxCLK/(TIM_Prescaler+1)=100KHz
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 1680-1;
// 计数⽅式
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;
// 初始化定时器TIMx, x[1,8]
TIM_TimeBaseInit(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
/
* IC1捕获：上升沿触发 TI1FP1 */
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = ADVANCE_IC1PWM_CHANNEL;peek
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;
TIM_PWMIConfig(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_ICInitStructure);
/* IC2捕获：下降沿触发 TI1FP2 */
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = ADVANCE_IC2PWM_CHANNEL;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Falling;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_IndirectTI;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;
TIM_PWMIConfig(ADVANCE_TIM, &TIM_ICInitStructure);
//当⼯作在PWM输⼊模式时，只需要设置触发信号的那⼀路即可（⽤于测量周期）//另⼀路（⽤于测量占空⽐）会有硬件⾃动设置，不需要再配置
/* 选择定时器输⼊触发: TI1FP1 */
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(ADVANCE_TIM, TIM_TS_TI1FP1);
/* 选择从模式: 复位模式 */
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(ADVANCE_TIM, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset);
TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(ADVANCE_TIM,TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);
/* 使能⾼级控制定时器 */
TIM_Cmd(ADVANCE_TIM, ENABLE);
/* 使能捕获/⽐较2中断请求 */
TIM_ITConfig(ADVANCE_TIM, TIM_IT_CC1, ENABLE);
4.计算测量的频率和占空⽐，打印出来⽐较
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