现在完成时及其不规则动词

创作者：凤呜大王*　

语法一点通

现在完成时态
语法点拨：现在完成时态
基本用法
用法（一）：谈论个人经历
构成：have/has(助动词）+done(过去分词）
例如：I have heard of the person. 我听说过这个人
说明：常常与副词ever, never连用。 I have ever heard of the person.
否定：主语 + have/has + not +
疑问：Have/Has+主语+？
注意：have/has been to 与have /has gone to

用法（二）：表示“某动作从过去一直持续到现在”。

（持续的时间用for 或since 短语表达）
构成：have/has + done + for + 时间段； have/has + done + since + 时间点
此时与现在完成进行时态的用法相同。
如：He has watched TV for half an hour. = He has been watching TV for half an hour.
说明：如果句中动词为非延续性动词，不能直接与for和since的短语连用。
如：He has got to Chengdu for 2 days. (错）
如果把句中got to 变为可持续性动词（be), 就可以与for和since的短语连用。
He has been in Chengdu for 2 days. (对）他到达成都已经2天了。

用法（三）：表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响”。
构成：与用法（一）相同。常常与just, already, yet等副词连用。
例子：I have already eaten supper. 我已经吃了晚餐了。（含义：我现在不吃了）
　Have you eaten supper yet? 你已经吃过晚餐了吗？（含义：你现在想吃晚餐吗？）
说明：副词already常用于肯定句。而yet 则用于否定和疑问句。在否定句中常常翻译为“还”。

I haven’t eaten supper yet. 我还没吃晚餐。（含义：我现在想吃晚餐）

动词过去分词变化规则与不规则变化
（一）变化规则：与过去式规则相同。
1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。look---looked----looked
2. 以e结尾的动词，直接加d。move---moved----moved
3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y 为i，再加ed。carry---carried-----carried
4. 部分动词需双写尾字母，加ed。stop----stopped----stopped

（二）不规则变化：
不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。为方便同学们记忆，现将部分不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词列出并规为五种类型。以便准确记忆。
AAB型

原形	过去式	过去分词	现分/动名词	三单	中文
beat	beat	beaten	beating	beats	打败

ABC 型

形容词作状语

原形	过去式	过去分词	现分/动名词	三单	中文
be	was / were	been	being	is / am	是，在…
begin	began	begun	beginning	begins	开始
blow	blew	blown	blowing	blows	吹
break	broke	broken	breaking	breaks	破裂、折断
choose	chose	chosen	choosing	chooses	选择
do	did	done	doing	does	做、干
draw	drew	drawn	drawing	draws	画画
drive	drove	driven	driving	drives	驾驶
drink	drank	drunk	drinking	drinks	喝
eat	ate	eaten	eating	eats	吃
fall	fell	fallen	falling	falls	落下
fly	flew	flown	flying	flies	飞
forget	forgot	forgotten	forgetting	forgets	忘记
get	got	gotten	getting	gets	到达、得到
give	gave	given	giving	gives	给
go	went	gone	going	goes	去
grow	grew	grown	growing	grows	成长
hide	hid	hidden	hiding	hides	隐藏
know	knew	known	knowing	knows	知道了解

mistake	mistook	mistaken	mistaking	mistakes	犯错
ride	rode	ridden	riding	rides	骑
ring	rang	rung	ringing	rings	响铃
rise	rose	risen	rising	rises	升起
see	saw	seen	seeing 中国现当代文学专题	sees	看到
shake	shook	shaken	shaking	shakes	摇动
sing	sang	sung	singing	sings	唱
speak	spoke	spoken	speaking	speaks	讲
steal	stole	stolen	stealing	steals	偷
swim	swam	swum	swimming	swims	游泳
take	took	taken	taking	takes	拿、带
throw	threw	thrown	throwing	throws	扔
wake	woke	woken	waking	wakes	唤醒
wear	wore	worn	wearing	wears	穿戴
write	wrote	written	writing	writes	写

AAA型

原形	过去式	过去分词	现分/动名词	三单	中文
cost	cost	cost	costing	costs	花费
cut	cut	cut	cutting	cuts	砍、切、割
hit	hit	hit	hitting	hits	打、撞
hurt	hurt	hurt	hurting	hurts	伤害
let	let	let	letting	lets	让
put	put	put	putting	puts	放置
read	read	read	reading	reads	读
set	set	set	setting	sets	设置、搭建
shut	shut	shut	shutting	shuts	关闭

ABA型

宠爱十年

原形	过去式	过去分词	现分/动名词	三单	中文
become	became	become	becoming	becomes	成为
come	came	come	coming	comes	来
overcome	overcame	overcome	overcoming	overcomes	克服
run	ran	run	running	runs	跑

ABB型

长寿热线规划功能分区

原形	过去式	过去分词	现分/动名词	三单	中文
understand	understood	understood	understanding	understands	理解、明白
bring	brought	brought	bringing	brings	带来
build	built	built	building	builds	建造
burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt	burning	burns	燃烧
buy	bought	bought	buying	buys	买
catch	caught	caught 陈永棋	catching	catches	抓住、赶上
deal	dealt	dealt	dealing	deals	处理
dig	dug	dug	digging	digs	挖
feed	fed	fed	feeding	feeds	喂养
feel	felt	felt	feeling	feels	感觉
fight	fought	fought	fighting	fights	打架
find	found	found	finding	finds	发现、到
hang	hung	hung	hanging	hangs	悬挂
hear	heard	heard	hearing	hears	听
hold	held	held	holding	holds	举办
keep	kept	kept	keeping	keeps	保持
learn	learned/learnt	learned/learnt	learning	learns	学习
leave	left	left	leaving	leaves	离开
lend	lent	lent	lending	lends	借

本文发布于:2024-09-21 22:35:18，感谢您对本站的认可！

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