一时性起
硕士学位论文
RESEARCH ON THE ALIENATION OF THE URBAN UNDERCLASSGamma校正
黄钰婉
2012年7月
国内图书分类号：C915 学校代码：10213 国际图书分类号：304 密级：公开
法学硕士学位论文
城市底层阶级的社会疏离研究
硕士研究生：黄钰婉
导师：尹海洁教授
申请学位：法学硕士
电子导盲仪
学科：社会学
所在单位：人文与社会科学学院
阿凡达 阿凡提
答辩日期：2012年7月
授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: C915
U.D.C.: 304
Dissertation for the Master Degree in Law
RESEARCH ON THE ALIENATION OF THE URBAN UNDERCLASS
Candidate：Huang Yuwan Supervisor：Prof. Yin Haijie
Academic Degree Applied for：Master of Law
Specialty：Sociology
Affiliation：School of Humanities and
Social Science
Date of Defence：July, 2012
Degree-Conferring-Institution：Harbin Institute of Technology
哈尔滨工业大学法学硕士学位论文
摘要
现代化社会发展进程中，城市出现了底层阶级，他们因为在经济、权力和声望上的缺失，逐渐与社会其他体脱离。本文致力于了解城市底层阶级的社会疏离状况及原因，以定量研究为主，定性研究为辅，采用问卷调查来探究城市底层阶级的结构性疏离、社会参与缺失和心理疏离，并进行影响因素分析。 梁晓声通过研究，城市底层阶级存在结构性疏离，表现为居住区隔和人际交往同质性。他们的居住地点边缘化、孤立化，居住条件差，缺少社区管理；人际交往呈现同质性，交往的人多为同阶级，无跨阶级交往。同时，不论个人性别、文化程度、月收入怎样，他们的居住情况均是条件差，产生居住区隔。
人际交往上，男性交往规模小且偏向与相似的人交往；女性交往规模略大，偏向与条件好的人往。文化程度越高，人们的交往规模越大，交往层次越高。
城市底层阶级的社会参与出现缺失的状况。他们很少参与社保；在社区活动、政治活动、组织活动中，参与人数寥寥无几；对于信息的关注度也不足。通过分析，女性比男性更缺少社会参与，文化程度越低的人越缺乏社会参与，农村户口者社会参与少，不同职业的社会参与缺失程度有差异。另外，个人月收入越高，导致人们越缺少社会参与，小区档次越低的人们越缺少社会参与。
心理疏离方面，底层阶级在某些方面并没有消极，但有较强的孤单感。男女两性的心理疏离程度大致相同，年龄越大的人心理疏离程度越高，但50岁之后心理疏离程度反而降低。文化程度和个人月收入，均与心理疏离程度呈负相关的关系。小区档次越低，心理疏离程度越高，人际交往越多，心理疏离程度则越低。
考察城市底层阶级的社会疏离，一方面以实证的方法辅助了学术界的定性研究，另一方面能引起底层自身和社会的关注，促使各方面共同努力解决底层问题。
关键词：城市底层阶级；结构性疏离；社会参与缺失；心理疏离
哈尔滨工业大学法学硕士学位论文
Abstract
With the expansion of modern society, there appears a new weak group named urban underclass in the city. Because of the lack of the money, social power and prestige, the urban underclass is alienated from other social groups. This paper focuses on explore the situation and reasons of alienation happened in urban underclass. By use of quantitative research method mainly and combining qualitative research method, it investigates the structural alienation, social participating deficiency and psychological alienation, and analyses the influencing factors.
The study shows that there is structural alienation among urban underclass. It performances their residential segregation and homogeneous interpersonal relation. They live in the marginal and isolated places, poor living conditions, and their communities are forgotten in community management. Therefore, homogeneous interpersonalship brings relatives and friends almost from their own class without contact with upperclass. At the same time, no matter what gender, educational level, personal income is, the urban underclass live in poor conditions and has residential segregation. Males have small scale interpersonal relation and they tend to contact with similar person. Howerer, females have larger scale relationship and prefer person in better living condition. The higher the level of education, the stronger consciousness in interpersonal relation.
钢筋混凝土
Social participating deficiency is also a promlem in urban underclass. They are excluded from social security system, and rarely participate in community activities, political activities and organization. They hold low initiative in participating and low attention to information about state, society and community. Through the analysis, it shows that females participate less activities than males. The lower level
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