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基于matlabGUI的语音处理

基于matlabGUI的语⾳处理

基于matlab实现对⼀段语⾳信号的处理，这些处理包括时域分析、频域分析、倒谱、能量谱和语谱图，并且可以将图形保存以便后续研究。

先⽤matlabGUI设计好界⾯

我的界⾯：

菜单界⾯

运⾏后于是就出现了这样的效果

下⼀步就是问题的核⼼为这些按钮添加回调函数callback

下⾯贴出我的程序和注释：

function varargout = sigany(varargin)

gui_Singleton = 1;山煤集团杜建华

gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...

'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @sigany_OpeningFcn, ...

'gui_OutputFcn', @sigany_OutputFcn, ...

'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...

'gui_Callback', []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

最后一分钟教学设计end

if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before sigany is made visible.

function sigany_OpeningFcn(hObject, ~, handles, varargin)

handles.output = hObject;

guidata(hObject, handles);

function varargout = sigany_OutputFcn(~, ~, handles)

varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on button press in start.

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function init_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%清理内存初始化

clear all;

clc;

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function openexistdata_Callback(hObject, ~, handles)%打开⾳频，并显⽰时域波形[FileName,PathName]= uigetfile('*.wav'); %打开对话框windowsserver2003

[FileName,PathName]= uigetfile('*.wav'); %打开对话框

if ~isequal(FileName, 0)

% open(file);

[y, fs]=wavread([PathName FileName]);%x是⾳频的数据向量，fs是采样频率（单位Hz），bits是每⼀个采样点的数据深度（即⽐特数）end

handles.data=y; %x是向量含有的所有数字的个数，与数据的⼤⼩有关

handles.sample=fs; %采样的频率⼀般为8k

t=length(handles.data)/fs; %采样的总时间

tt=0:t/length(handles.data):t; %中间计算出来的采样周期

handles.t=tt(1:length(tt)-1); %作为要显⽰图形的横坐标

guidata(hObject, handles); %保存更新

axes(handles.axes2); %打开的⽂件显⽰在第⼆个⾥

plot(handles.t,y); % ±ò¨

ylabel('signal Magnitude ');

xlabel('time(s)');

title('时域波形');

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function wavsave_Callback(~, ~, handles) %时域保存

% hObject handle to wavsave (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

[file,path] = uiputfile('wave.jpg','Save file name'); %打开保存窗⼝

%~isempty(handles.data);

h=figure; %画图

雷公藤多苷plot(handles.t,handles.data);

saveas(h,[path file]); %保存

close(h);

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function savefftpic_Callback(~, ~, handles)%频谱保存

% hObject handle to savefftpic (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

Fs=handles.sample; % 采样率

data=handles.data; % 样本向量

blockSize=length(data); % 样本⼤⼩

xFFT = fft(data); % 快速傅⾥叶变换

xfft = abs(xFFT); % 离散傅⾥叶变换的幅值

index = xfft == 0;

xfft(index) = 1e-17;

mag = 20*log10(xfft); %20倍的log以10为底求对数

mag = mag(1:blockSize/2); %只取前⼀半

%原因：对实信号fft，产⽣了负频率，由于FFT变化是对称的，

%所以负频率对应到了Fs/2~Fs上，对实信号⽽⾔，该段频率没有任何意义，

%所以只显⽰到Fs/2。

%f = (0:length(mag)-1)*Fs/blockSize;

f = (0:length(mag)-1)*Fs/blockSize; %求横坐标频率序列

[file,path] = uiputfile('fft.jpg','Save file name'); %保存图⽚，同上

h=figure;

plot(f(:,1),mag(:,1));

ylabel('Magnitude (dB)');

xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');

title('频谱图');

saveas(h,[path file]);

close(h);

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function picdaopusave_Callback(~, ~, handles)%倒谱保存

% hObject handle to picdaopusave (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

c=fft(log(abs(handles.data)+eps));% 取模取对数快速傅⾥叶求出倒谱 eps返回参数的精度ms1=handles.sample/1000;

ms20=handles.sample/50;

q=(ms1:ms20)/handles.sample; % 横坐标时间序列

[file,path] = uiputfile('daopu.jpg','Save file name');

h=figure; %作图保存

plot(q,abs(c(ms1:ms20)));

xlabel('倒⾓');

ylabel('倒谱幅度');

title('倒谱图');

saveas(h,[path file]);

close(h);

% --------------------------------------------------------------------

function picyupusave_Callback(~, ~, handles) %语谱图保存

% hObject handle to picyupusave (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

Winsiz=256;Shift=128;Base=0;%帧长帧移植基准电平值

signal=handles.data;

fs=handles.sample;

nseg=floor((length(signal)-Winsiz)/Shift)+1; %floor 朝负⽆穷⽅向舍⼊

A=zeros(Winsiz/2+1,nseg);

%下⾯循环是x信号的加窗处理并求出各点频谱能量

for i=1:nseg

n1=(i-1)*Shift+1;

n2=n1+(Winsiz-1);

xx=signal(n1:n2);

xx=xx.*hamming(Winsiz);

y=fft(xx);

y=y(1:Winsiz/2+1);

y=y.*conj(y);

y=10*log10(y);

A(:,i)=y;

end

L1=(A>Base);

L0=(A<Base);

B=A.*L1+Base*L0;

C=(B-Base)./(max(max(B))-Base);%灰度

y=[0:Winsiz/2]*fs/Winsiz; %纵坐标频率

x=[0:nseg-1]*Shift; %横坐标时间

%保存

[file,path] = uiputfile('yuputu.jpg','Save file name');

h=figure;

imagesc(x,y,C);axis xy;五洲国际码头

saveas(h,[path file]);

close(h);

function picsaveglp_Callback(~, ~, handles)%功率谱保存

% hObject handle to picsaveglp (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) Fs=handles.sample; %

xn=handles.data;

window=rectwin(length(xn)); %矩形加窗

nfft=1024;

[Pxx,f]=periodogram(xn,window,nfft,Fs); %求功率谱的

[file,path] = uiputfile('gonglvpu.jpg','Save file name');%保存⽂件

h=figure;

plot(f,10*log10(Pxx));

title('功率谱');

saveas(h,[path file]);

close(h);

% --- Executes on button press in wavepos.

function wavepos_Callback(~, ~, handles) %时域回调

% hObject handle to wavepos (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) y=handles.data; % ù

axes(handles.axes2); % èúò

plot(handles.t,y); % 时域直接表⽰即可

ylabel('signal Magnitude ');

xlabel('time(s)');

title('时域波形');

function fftplot_Callback(~, ~, handles)%频域回调

% hObject handle to fftplot (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) Fs=handles.sample; % ù

data=handles.data; % ù

blockSize=length(data);

华立通信

xFFT = fft(data); % 快速傅⾥叶变换

xfft = abs(xFFT); % 取模值

%index = xfft == 0;

%xfft(index) = 1e-17;

mag = 20*log10(xfft); % 转化成以dB为单位的数值

mag = mag(1:blockSize/2);

f = (0:length(mag)-1)*Fs/blockSize;

axes(handles.axes2);

plot(f(:,1),mag(:,1));

ylabel('Magnitude (dB)');

xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');

title('频谱图');

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