Moby Dick, written by Herman Melville (Aug.19, 1819—Sep. 28, 1891 New Y ork City) in 1851, is now considered as one of the greatest novels in the English language and has secured Melville's place among America's greatest writers.
Melville successfully uses the theories of symbolism and metaphor in the novel.
It contains many examples of alliteration, allusion, similes, and metaphors; it also presents an ironic argument against Transcendentalism and the power of man.
Theme: Revenge, Individual VS Fate, Human VS Nature.
冠名Some characteristics of anti transcendentalism:
less optimistic than Transcendental texts about mankind, nature, and divinity神性
much less confident about the notion that perfection is an innate先天的quality of mankind individuals as prone有倾向的to sin and self-destruction
that nature is a deeply spiritual force (Dark Romanticism views it in a much more sinister light than does Transcendentalism) the natural world is dark, decaying, and mysterious; when it does reveal truth to man, its revelations真相are evil and hellish令人毛骨悚然的.
frequently show individuals failing in their attempts to make changes for the better
⏹麦尔维尔用戏剧手法刻画了在自我独立上走极端的埃哈布船长。并向我们揭示了这种走极端带权术论
飞针穿玻璃
来的对他人强加意志滥用权力的行为是与超验派的自由独立的价值背道而驰 ⏹超验主义者认为大自然只给人类带来好处，不会伤害人类但麦尔维尔认为大自然也会毁灭人的生 全国百姓放心医院大讲堂
命"
⏹麦尔维尔以此证实了权的性质，权利邪恶的一面同时他以埃哈布船长及全体船员的死表达了人对
⏹表明作者对上帝的权威不容置疑这一奴隶主义信条的根本否认。埃哈布船长凭借自身的权力不
分频器设计畏艰险敢于向摩比迪克这个上帝的化身作顽强的挑战，是新时代人的反叛精神的体现。是人性中
伟大的一面也表现了人一旦掌握权力有了权力所赋予的力量他的人性中的邪恶的一面也就显现
出来
This book contains reflections of Melville’s own whaling voyages and many collections of compiled whaling knowledge: the history of whaling, scientific whale groups, usage of whaling tools, etc. Altogether this book is a literary masterpiece. The pinnacle(顶峰) of American Romanticism. It is an epic novel.
Moby Dick (metaphysical形而上学的超自然的whaling novel), like much of his writing, Moby Dick originates in his experiences as a common sailor and in the complex reactions of his lively mind to ageless 永恒的spiritual questions and to the ebullient沸腾的society of his time. One of the few American books recognized as a world classic, it has overshadowed the considerable achievement of his other work, which is diverse and experimental and, though sometimes flawed有瑕疵的, often shows remarkable control.
Starbucks 星巴克来源与Moby—dick 中的大副Starbucks 爱喝咖啡
帮助理解的内容：（超验主义的核心观点是主张人能超越感觉和理性而直接认识真理，认为人类世界的一切都是宇宙的一个缩影--"世界将其自身缩小成为一滴露水"（爱默生语）。超验主义者强调万物本质上的统一，万物皆受"超灵"制约，而人类灵魂与"超灵"一致。这种对人之神圣的肯定使超验主义者蔑视外部的权威与传统，依赖自己的直接经验。"相信你自己" 东丰二中这句爱默生的名言，成为超验主义者的座右铭。首先，超验主义者强调精神，或超灵，认为这是宇宙至为重要的存在因素。超灵是一种无所不容、无所不在、扬善抑恶的力量，是万物之本、万物之所属，它存在于人和自然界内。其二，超验主义者强调个人的重要性。他们认为个人是社会的最重要的组成部分，社会的革新只能通过个人的修养和完善才能实现。
因此人的首要责任就是自我完善，而不是刻意追求金玉富贵。理想的人是依靠自己的人。其三，超验主义者以全新的目光看待自然，认为自然界是超灵或上帝的象征。在他们看来，自然界不只是物质而已。它有生命，上帝的精神充溢其中，它是超灵的外衣。因此，它对人的思想具有一种健康的滋补作用。超验主义主张回归自然，接受它的影响，以在精神上成为完人。这种观点的自然内涵是，自然界万物具象征意义，外部世界是精神世界的体现。）
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