Method for Vacuum Glass Thermal Insulation Measurement
A.1 试验原理 (Principle)
设计上海2016本方法通过直接测量真空玻璃中心部位的热导值，然后通过公式换算出真空玻璃的保温性能K 值。 This method is for direct measurement of the thermal conductance in the center of the vacuum glass unit. The K-value can be converted using a formula.
真空玻璃热导为辐射热导、支撑物热导和残余气体热导之和。合格的真空玻璃产品，其残余气体热导应可忽略不计。
The thermal conductance in a vacuum glass is the summation of the thermal conductance from radiation, pillars and residual gas. For a vacuum glass product meeting the requirement, the residual gas contribution can be ignored.
真空玻璃热导的测量采用热流法原理，其热导值的测量采用真空玻璃热导仪。选用一个正方形的高热导金属材料做测量头，其面积等于相邻四个支撑物所围成之正方形面积，测量头各点温度可视为均匀的。测量原理如图3所示。 The measurement is based on heat flow principle. The thermal conductance is measured by Vacuum Glass Thermal Conductance Meter. The measurement head is a square shaped highly thermally conductive metal. Its area is equal to the area of the square encompassed by four neighboring pillars. The temperature of the measurement head is considered uniform. The measurement principle is illustrated in Figure 3.
图3 热导仪测量原理图 (Figure 3. Illustration of Vacuum Glass Thermal Conductance Tester ) 测量头的上表面贴紧真空玻璃样品，下表面紧贴一片已知热导为C标的标准板，再下是一块带加热控温器的
金属板（称为热板），它的温度被控制在T热。真空玻璃样品的另一侧是带有致冷器的金属平板(称为冷板)，其温度控制在T 冷 。T测高于T冷，于是热流从热板向上，经标准板，测量头再经被测样品，最后热流到达冷板。
As shown in Figure 3, the upper side of the measurement head is in a tight contact with vacuum glass sample and the lower side is in contact with a reference plate with
with the hot plate, a metal plate with a heater and temperature controller, with its temperature controlled at T Hot. The other side of the VIG unit is a refrigerated metal plate (Cold plate), whose temperature is controlled at T Cold. Since T Hot is controlled to be higher than T cold, the heat flows up from hot plate, through reference plate and measurement head, entering the test sample, reaching the cold plate.
热平衡后，热流恒定，测量头的温度稳定在T測。由于热流通道上各部件是串联的，它们的温差降与它们的热阻成正比，和热导成反比。样品上的温差降为（T测－T冷），标准板的温差降为（T 热－T测）。因而得出：
When the system reaches steady state, the heat flow becomes a constant and the temperature at the measurement head is stabilized at T meas. Because the components in the thermal circuit are in
tandem, the temperature drop on a component is proportional to its thermal resistance, which is the inverse of the thermal conductance. The temperature drops on the sample and the reference plate are （T meas－T Cold）and （T Hot－T meas）， respectively. Therefore,
C Meas＝（T Hot－T Meas）C Ref/（T Meas－T Cold） (1)
A.2 试验条件 (Test Condition)
环境温度 (Environmental temperature)：22℃±2℃，
环境相对湿度 (Environmental relative humidity)：35%～75%。
A.3 试样 (Test sample)
六片510mmX360mm与制品在同一工艺情况下相同材料的平型真空玻璃试样。
Six pieces 510mmX360mm samples produced using same materials under identical process as the real product.
A.4 试验装置 (Test Setup)
毛细管电谱热导仪分为两个单元分别放在被测样品两侧。（见图4）
The Thermal Conductance Tester consists of two parts separated by the test sample (see Figure 4).
1、冷板(Cold Plate)
2、待测真空玻璃样品(Test Sample)
3、测量板
(Measurement Plate) 4、标准板 (Reference Plate) 5、热板 (Hot Plate)
图4 热导仪结构图 (Figure 4. The structure of the Thermal Conductance Tester) 真空玻璃样品2的上面是冷板1，它是由一块150mm×150mm的铝板或其他高热导材料加制冷器构成，其温度应保持在T冷。
Above the test sample 2 is the cold plate 1, a 150mm X 150mm plate of aluminum or other highly thermally conductive materials with a refrigerator to maintain the temperature at T Cold.
吴越春秋史话热板5也是用铝板或其他高热导材料制成，面积为150mm×150mm，内部有加热装置，其温度应保持在T热。测量板3由测量头及其外侧隔离环合成，其俯视图由图5所示。其总面积也是150mm×150mm，测量头为正方形。
The hot plate 5 is also a 150mm X 150mm plate made of aluminum or other highly thermally conductive materials with internal heater. Its temperature is maintained at T Hot. The measurement plate 3 is composed of a square measurement head and the outer separation rings, as shown in Figure 5.
图5 测量板俯视图 (Figure 5. Top view of the measurement plate) 图5中虚线所示区域为测量有效面积区域，其形状为正方形，边长为真空玻璃中支撑物的间距。若测量不同支撑物间距的真空玻璃样品，只要更换具有相应有效面积的测量板即可。
The dashed line in Figure 5 indicates the effective measurement area, a square with an edge equal t
o the pillar distance. For the vacuum glass units with different pillar distance, the measurement plate should be replaced to have the corresponding effective measurement area.
测量有效面积等于四个相邻支撑物所构成正方形面积，测量头周围设多重同心缓冲隔离环，之间有空气间隙以避免外界对测量头的影响，使T测稳定。测量头及隔离环均采用高导热材料铜或铝制成。仪器的测量误差应在±5%以内。
The effective measurement area equals to the square constructed by the four neighboring pillars. Multiple concentric insulation rings are installed around the measurement head and separated with air space to minimize the environmental effect on T Meas. The measurement head is made of high thermal conductivity materials such as copper or aluminum. The measurement error of this instrument should be within +/- 5%.
A.5 试验程序 (Test Procedure)
A.5.1真空玻璃的热导的测量, C测 (Measurement of Thermal conductivity C Meas )
A.5.1.1先将真空玻璃热导测量板放入标准板上方，然后将真空玻璃样品放入冷板与测量头之间。测量头距试样边部的距离应大于50mm。
Place a vacuum glass measurement plate on top of the reference plate, then place the test sample between the measurement head and the cold plate. The distance between the measurement head and the edge of the sample should be greater than 50mm.
A.5.1.2将冷板的温度设为10℃，热板的温度设为40℃，加热测量头使其温度达到规定的值。冷板、热板和测量头的温度应稳定在±0.01℃内。
Set cold place temperature at 10C and the hot plate temperature at 40C. H eat up the
measurement head to the set temperature. The temperature of the cold plate, hot plate and the measurement head should be stabilized within +/- 0.01C.
A.5.1.3待仪器稳定后，记录此时仪器热传导系数示值即C测和测量头的温度T测。
When the instrument stabilizes, record the thermal conductivity value C Meas and the temperature of the measurement head T Meas.豪门保姆日记
A.5.2 真空玻璃辐射热导的测量，C辐射
Measurement of vacuum glass radiation thermal conductance C Rad
A.5.2.1 将真空玻璃热导测量板更换为真空玻璃辐射热导测量板，重复A5.1.1和A.5.1.2的步骤。Replace the thermal conductance measurement plate with radiation thermal conductance measurement plate, repeat steps A.5.1.1 and A.5.1.2.
A.5.1.2待仪器稳定后，记录此时仪器热传导系数示值即C辐射。
基本法104条
When the instrument stabilizes, record the thermal conductivity value, which is the C Rad.
A.5.3 数据处理 (Data processing)
A.5.3.1 实际测量值的修正 (Correction of the measured values)
真空玻璃热导的实际测量值应按照公式(2)进行修正，得到修正后的真空玻璃热导值Cˊ测。
克什米尔The correct thermal conductance value C’Meas can be obtained by correcting the measured thermal conductance value using equation (2)
CˊMeas=( C Meas- C Rad)+C Rad（272/[（T Meas+ T Cold）/2+273]）3 (2)
C测为真空玻璃的热导测量值，单位为W/(m2·K)
C辐射为真空玻璃的辐射热导测量值，单位为W/(m2·K)
Cˊ测为修正后的真空玻璃热导，单位为W/(m2·K)
T测为测量头的温度，单位为℃
T冷为冷板的温度，单位为℃
A.5.4.1 K值与真空玻璃热导值的换算公式
Conversion of thermal conductance to K-value
K=1/(1/8.7+1/CˊMeas+1/23) (3)
K 真空玻璃保温性能值，单位为m2·K /W；
Cˊ测测为真空玻璃的热导值，单位为W/m2·K；
Where K is in m2·K /W, CˊMeas is the thermal conductance in W/m2·K.
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