Epic（叙事诗）: Epic is a narrative poem on the grand scale and in majestic style concerning the exploits and adventures of a superhuman hero (or heroes) engaged in a quest or some serious endeavor. Among noted epics are Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey, old English Beowulf and Milton’s Paradise Lost.
国企再掀反腐风暴Romance（传奇）：A Romance is a long composition, in verse or in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero. It generally concerns knights and involves a large amount of fighting as well as a number of miscellaneous adventures and a series of love stories. Ballad（民谣）：Ballad is an anonymous narrative song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and the fourth lines rhymed.
Renaissanceflash小品（文艺复兴）：The word “Renaissance” means “rebirth”(of learning). The Renaissance period was marked by a reawakening of interest in learning, in the individua
l and in the world of nature. The revival of learning led scholars back to the culture of Greece and Rome. The rebirth of interest in the individual gave rise to a new appreciation of beauty, to a desire for self-expression in varied activities and to the creation of great works of art. The renewal of curiosity about the natural world ultimately drew men to discover new lands and new scientific truth.
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Humanism（人道主义）：Humanism was a literary and philosophic system of thought which attempted to place the affairs of mankind at the centre of its concerns. According to humanists, man should mould the world according to his own desires, and attains happiness by removing all external checks by the exercise of the human intellect.
Sonnet（十四行诗）：A sonnet is a fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme.
Puritanism（清教主义）：Puritanism was the religious doctrine of revolutionary bourgeoisie during the English Revolution. It preached thrift, sobriety, hard work and unceasing labor, with no extravagant enjoyment of the fruits of labor. Worldly pleasures w
ere condemned as harmful. Puritans opposed churches,squandering property.
Enlightenment（启蒙运动）：The movement, on the whole, an expression of the struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism, class inequality, stagnation and prejudices. The enlighteners believed in the power of reason and the watchword was Common Sense. Neo-classicism（新古典主义）：Modeling itself on the literature of ancient Greece and Rome, neoclassicism exalts the virtues of proportion, unity, harmony, grace, taste, manners, and restraint. It values realism and reason over imagination and emotion. Wit and satire flourished in this period, as did the ode and verse written in heroic couplets.
Romanticism（浪漫主义）：Romanticism is a movement prevailing the Western world in the 19th century in literature, art, music and philosophy, beginning as a reaction and protest against the bondage of rules and customs of neo-classicism to unfetter human spirit. It returned to nature and plain humanity for material. It is a movement of expression of individual originality. Imagination is highlighted and a dream of golden age is required a
gainst stern reality.
Critical Realism（批判现实主义）：Critical realists described with much vividness and artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint. In their best works, the greed and hypocrisy of the upper classes are contrasted with the honesty and good-heartedness of the obscure “simple people” of the lower classes. Humor and satire abound. Without finding a way of solution, they do not point toward revolution but rather evolution or reformism with happy endings. Aestheticism（唯美主义）：The basic theory of the Aesthetic movement---“art for art’s sake”. Aestheticism places art above life, and holds that life should imitate art, not art imitate life. According to the aesthetes, all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective. Only when art is for art’s sake, can it be immortal.
Stream of Consciousness（意识流小说）：First, it reveals the action or plot through the mental processes of the characters. Second, character development is achieved through revelation of extremely personal and often typical thought processes. Third, the a
ction of the plot seldom corresponds to real chronological time, but moves back and forth through present time to memories of past events and dreams of the future. Fourth, it replaces narration, description, and commentary with interior monologue and free association.
java 3dWomen’s Movement（女性运动）：feminism is a belief in the social, political and economic equality of the sexes, and a movement organized around the conviction that biological sex should not be the pre-determinant factor shaping a person's social identity or socio-political or economic rights.
马瑞兴Oedipus Complex苏黎世金融（恋母情结）：In Greek myth, Oedipus is the king who is said to kill his father and marry his mother. According to Freud, children may have sexual drives subconsciously toward the opposite parent. Here, Oedipus complex refers to that boy’s obsession to his mother. In English literature, Lawrence is the first to introduce male characters’ impotence to females because of mother’s excessive love.
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