Landscape Architecture2019/03
Life Conception, Picturesque Conception and Artistic Conception—A Study on Yuan Mei and Plant Landscape of Nanjing Suiyuan Garden in Qing Dynasty
王静煜 薛晓飞*
WANG Jingyu, XUE Xiaofei*
中图分类号：TU986
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1673-1530(2019)03-0014-05 DOI: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2019.03.0014.05
收稿日期：2018-12-08
修回日期：2019-01-14摘要：自古“名家必有名园”，清代南京随园因其主是文坛大家袁枚而名声大噪，对当时江南的文人园林甚至后世私家园林产生了一定的影响，后毁于太平天国战火之乱。通过史料搜集， 对园文、园诗、园图等资料进行解读，从“三境合一”出发，结合袁枚自身的性格特点，对随园植物景观进行探讨，梳理总结出随园的植物景观特：1）植物品种丰富，配置方式多样；2）植物功能多样；3）植物经营体现“生态学”思想；4）利用植物自身人格寓意，传达对美好事物的追求与向往；5）造景的同时传达生活情趣。一方面可通过植物景观窥探当时随园的盛况，饱览秀美的风光，另一方面也对江南文人园林的相关研究提供有益补充。
关键词：风景园林；袁枚；随园；植物景观2014年7月1日
网上购物管理系统基金项目：苏州市科技计划项目“苏州园林传承与创新及香山帮研究”（编号SZS201604）
电子蜂毒采集器Abstract: Throughout history, it is easy to draw the conclusion that celebrities must have famous gardens. Yuan Mei’s Suiyuan Garden, which leaves a significant impact on literati gardens in the region south of the Yangtze River in east China and other gardens of later generations, is famous because of Yuan’s influence. But it was destroyed by wars in the mid 19th century. Based on the collection of historical materials, this paper interprets the literature, poems, maps and other materials on the garden. Starting from “three conceptions in harmony” and Yuan Mei’s personality characteristics, it discusses the plant landscape of Suiyuan Garden, and sums up its characteristics as follows: 1) There are abundant varieties of plants and ways of disposition. 2) There are various fu
nctions of plants. 3) The plant management embodies the idea of “ecology”. 4) It utilizes plants’ own personality morals to convey the pursuit and yearning for beautiful things. 5) Landscaping conveys the interest of life at the same time. We can also pry into the splendid scenery of the park and enjoy the beautiful scenery in the plant landscape. Meanwhile, it can also provide a useful supplement to related researches of literati gardens in the region south of the Y angtze River in east China.吴作人美术学校
Keywords: landscape architecture; Yuan Mei; Suiyuan Garden; plant landscape
Fund Item: Suzhou Science and T echnology Project “The Inheritance and Innovation of Suzhou Gardens and the Study of Xiangshanbang” (No. SZS201604)
王静煜/女/北京林业大学园林学院在读硕士研究生/研究方向为风景园林历史与理论WANG Jingyu is a graduate student in the School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University. Her research focuses on history and theory of landscape architecture.
薛晓飞/男/博士/北京林业大学园林学院副教授/研究方向为风景园林历史与理论
通信作者邮箱（Corresponding author Email）：xuexiaofei@bjfu.edu
XUE Xiaofei, PH.D, is an associate professor of the School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Fores
try University. His research focuses on history and theory of landscape architecture.
校园居
纵观中国园林发展史，从王维的辋川别业、白居易的履道坊宅园到司马光的独乐园，不难得出“名家必有名园”的推论。同样，南京随园因其主是文坛大家袁枚而名声大噪。由于各种原因，随园最终被淹没在历史的长河中，仅留下随园大厦、百步坡等与之相关的地名。
自宋代以来，传统园林种植设计就强调“因境类聚”的原则，把“生境”“画境”和“意境”融合为一。“生境”是要尊重植物的生态科学性，“画境”和“意境”指植物的诗情画意，“画境”和“意境”是以“生境”为基础的[1]。古典园林的植物景观一般需要与建筑、假山、水体和小品紧密配合才能形成局部的景观中心，在更多情况下是作为辅助的角，如隔断空间、增加层次、形成绿荫、调节天光、引导路径、衬托背景等[2]，这些特点在随园中都有所体现。笔者将从“三境合一”出发，考虑园主袁枚自身的性格特点，结合史料搜集，对园文、园诗、园图等资料进行解读，梳理总结出随园的植物景观特。
王静煜，薛晓飞.生境·画境·意境：清代袁枚与南京随园植物景观研究[J]．风景园林，2019，26（3）：14-18．
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