英国文学史个时期作者作品及地位对应表

英国文学作家作品列表

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Period	Historical Background	Life Time	Name	CN Name	Writings	CN Writings	Notes
Early&Medieval Period449-1485 早期中世纪时期 poetry; Romance; Popular ballad	英国中世纪文学史大致可分为盎格鲁-撒克逊The Anglo-Saxon Period;449-1066和中古英语The Middle English Period;1066-1485两个时期.. The making of the England: Jutes; Angles and Saxons invaded Albion and combined into one United Kingdom-the England.Their dialects gradually grew into a single language called Anglo-Saxon; or Old English.Feudal system was established；Roman Catholic Church controlled over the country.	700-750			Boewulf	贝奥武甫	英国的民族史诗the national epic of the English people stricking feature: alliteration; metaphors and understatements.
		1343-1400	Geoffrey Chaucer	杰弗利·乔叟	The Canterbury TalesMasterpiece	坎特伯雷故事集	the Father of English poetry英国诗歌之父;the forerunner of English renaissance英国文艺复兴先驱; metrical form 格律形式 laid the foundation of the English verse格律形式奠定了基础的英语节律;the heroic couplet英雄双韵体
Renaissance Period Humanism late 15th century ~ early 17th century 文艺复兴伊丽莎白时代The Elizabethan Age的英国戏剧是英国文艺复兴时期所有文学形式中最辉煌的一种;代表了英国乃至整个欧洲文艺复兴时期文学创作的最高成就.. poetry sonnet and blank verse; drama; essay	The Wars of the Roses 1455-1485 and Tudor dynasty which was established by Henry VII in 1485. Reformation: Protestantism became the official national religion. The Enclosure movement: compelled peasants to become the hired laborers for the merchants. Flourishing in the Elizabethan Age: The commercial expansion and the rise of bourgeoisie. The war with Spain: in 1588; the Spanish Armada was defeated. England had sovereignty over the seas. 文艺复兴具有三个主要特征:古希腊、罗马文化的复兴；知识的复兴;人文主义运动的发展..	1478-1535 危险化学品安全管理条例	Thomas More	托马斯·莫尔	Utopia	乌托邦	理想国;空想主义的代名词;开创英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河 the first to introduce the Sonnet into English literature首先把十四行诗译成英语文学
		1552-1599	Edmund Spenser	埃德蒙·斯宾赛	The Faerie Queen	仙后	the poets’ poet诗人中的诗人歌颂女王;宣扬人文主义思想 The Spenserian Stanza斯宾塞诗体
		1564-1593	Christopher Marlowe	克里斯扥夫·马洛	Dr Fauctus Tamburlaine The Jew of Malta	浮士德博士的悲剧帖木耳大帝马耳他的犹太人	The Renaissance exploration spirit and extreme individualism spirit文艺复兴探索精神和极端的个人主义精神; the greatest playwright before Shakespeare莎士比亚之前最伟大的剧作家;“University Wit”大学才子派; the pioneer of English drama
		1564-1616	William Shakespeare	威廉·莎士比亚	Four comedies： 1.A midsummer night’s dream 2.The Merchant of Venice 3.As You Like it 4.Twelfth night Four tragedies: 1.Hamlet 2.Othello 3.King Lear 4.The tragedy of Macbeth The Tempest	四大喜剧： 1.仲夏夜之梦 2.威尼斯商人 3.皆大欢喜 4.第十二夜四大悲剧： 1.哈姆雷特 2.奥赛罗 3.李尔王 4.麦克白暴风雨	above all writers in the past and in the present time;he produced 2 long narrative poems; 154 sonnets and 38 plays两首长诗歌;154首十四行诗和38部戏剧;represents the climax of the Renaissance代表了文艺复兴时期的高潮;one of the first founders of realism第一个现实主义的创始人之一;an encyclopedia of the Elizabethan Age伊丽莎白时代的百科全书;the largest command of vocabulary他有最大的词汇量;Aeschylus and Shakespeare as “ the two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known”埃斯库罗斯和莎士比亚是“两个世界历来所知最伟大的戏剧天才”
		1561-1626	Francis Bacon	弗兰西斯·培根	Essays Of Studies	论说文集论读书	champion of modern science 现代科学拥护者;散文家;题材广泛
17th century poetry; comedy; prose	English Revolution 1649 The establishment of a Commonwealth The monarchy was restored 1660 Glorious Revolution1688 17世纪前60年;是一个动荡不安;风云际会的时代：期间爆发了震惊世界的英国清教革命..事实上;早在16世纪末;伊丽莎白女王统治晚期;英国社会已危机暗伏..1588年;英国战胜了西班牙无敌舰队;取得海上霸主的地位..外患既去;内忧渐起;一致对外时被搁置一旁的种种矛盾逐渐暴露了出来;并迅速激化：以宗教改革为目的的清教实力日益壮大;矛头直指黑暗腐败的国教；议会和王权间摩擦频繁;新兴资产阶级羽翼渐丰;不甘雌伏于王权之下；兼之两任斯图亚特王詹姆士一世和查理一世缺乏政治才能;政府腐化;人民的不满情绪高涨;1642年英国内战终于爆发.. 7世纪上半叶;影响英国的不仅是清教革命;一场思想革命也在悄然展开..现代天文学家哥白尼Nicolaus Copernicus;1473～1543大胆提出了日心说;推翻了地球是宇宙中心的观念..	1572-1631	John Donne The metaphysical玄学派	约翰·邓恩	The Flea Death Be Not Proud The Songs and Sonnets A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning	跳蚤死神你别骄傲歌谣与十四行诗离别辞：节哀	the founder of Metaphysical poetry writing on love; death and religion形而上学的诗歌的创始人写爱情、死亡和宗教;The Metaphysical Conceit玄学奇喻cynicism犬儒主义
		1608-1674	John Milton The puritan 清教徒	约翰·弥尔顿	Lycidas Areopagitica Paradise Lost Paradise Regained Samson Agonistes	利西达斯为英国人民申辩失乐园生物医学工程与临床复乐园力士参孙	a great revolutionary poet of the 17th century17世纪的伟大的革命诗人;a great master of blank verse无韵诗的大师;the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English英语诗歌戏剧之后希腊风格是最完美的例子
		1628-1688	John Bunyan The puritan 清教徒	约翰·班杨	The Pilgrim’s Progress	天路历程	A Puritan prose writer一个清教徒散文作家;allegory梦幻宗教寓言; In the 17th century British social realistic picture 17世纪英国社会现实主义图景
		1631-1700	John Dryden The cavalier	约翰·德莱顿	All for Love	一切为了爱情	Age of Dryden the greatest poet between Milton and Pope poet laureate桂冠诗人 The greatest Restoration works are the worldly; witty comedies Comedy of manners风俗喜剧.
Neoclassical Period 1660-1798 Enlightenment 启蒙文学时期詹军道Neoclassicism 新古典主义时期 poetry; drama; fiction	A period of comparatively peaceful development Industrial Revolution Enlightenment启蒙运动 The struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. 18世纪的英国政局相对稳定;资本主义经济得以持续发展;国力强盛;不断发动对外战争;在世界各地建立了许多殖民地和半殖民地..工业革命方兴为艾、圈地运动仍在继续..资产阶级与劳动人民的矛盾日益突出;各地爆发了无数次起义..爱尔兰人民也掀起了民族解放运动..	1672-1719 1672-1729	Joseph Addison Richard Steele	约瑟夫·艾迪生理查德·斯第尔	The Tatler The Spectator	闲谈者旁观者	provide a new code of social morality for the rising bourgeoisie. In their hands; the English essay completely established itself as a literary genre. Using it as a form of character sketching and story-telling; they ushered in the dawn of the modern novel. 开创了现代小说的黎明
		1688-1744	Alexander Pope	亚历山大·蒲伯	An Essay on Criticism The Rape of the Lock The Dunciad Essay on Man	论批评夺发记愚史诗人论	英国诗史上艺术造诣最高的诗人之一;18世纪新古典主义的代表人物; the heroic couplet英雄双韵体
		1660-1731	Daniel Defoe	丹尼尔·笛福	cajRobinson Crusoe Captain Singleton Moll Flanders	鲁滨逊漂流记辛格顿船长摩尔·弗兰德斯	Founding of realist novel 现实主义小说的创始之作 the father of English novels 英国小说之父
		1667-1745	Jonathan Swift	乔纳森·斯威夫特	Gulliver’s Travels A modest Proposal Tale of a Tub The Battle of the Books	格列佛游记一个温和的建议木桶的故事书的战争	The most powerful satirist of the age时代最强大的讽刺作家; Attacked the social darkness and evil抨击了社会黑暗和罪恶
		1689-1761	Samuel Richardson	塞缪尔·里查逊	Pamela	帕美勒	his emphasis on detail; his psychological insights into women; and his dramatic technique have earned him a prominent place among English novelists. 注重细节;关于女性的心理洞察;和他的戏剧技能为他赢得了在英语小说家着名之处
		1707-1754	Henry Fielding	亨利·菲尔丁	The History of Tom Jones;a Foundling	汤姆·琼斯	He was the first to give the modern novel its structure and style Comic epic in prose散文体喜剧史诗第一个创造现代小说结构和风格的人 Father of English novelthe third-person narration 英国小说之父
		1721-1771	Tobias George Smollett	托拜厄斯·乔治· 斯摩莱特	Roderick Random Humphry Clinker	蓝登传亨弗利·克林克	小说叙事幽默、描写细腻;对19 世纪的着名小说家狄更斯的影响很大..
		1713-1768	Laurence Sterne	劳伦斯·斯特恩	The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy;Gentleman Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy	商第传感伤旅行	precursor to modern stream-of-consciousness novels 商第传目的是为了教育人更好的真爱世界和同胞.. 商第传和感伤旅行都以描写人物心理感受见长..是18世纪中后期英国感伤主义小说的重要代表作品..
		1709-1784	Samuel Johnson	赛缪尔·约翰逊	A Dictionary of the English Language To the Right Honorable The Earl of Chesterfield Lives of the Poets	英语大词典致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信诗人传	18世纪英国人文主义文学批评的巨擘;散文家;词典编纂家;英语史上第一部标准辞书
		1730-1774	Oliver Goldsmith	奥利佛·哥尔德斯密斯	The Citizen of the World The Deserted Village The Vicar of Wakefield	治理结构世界公民荒村威克菲尔德牧师传	世界公民在中西文化关系史上占有重要地位..
		1716-1771	Thomas Gray Graveyard Poet墓园派	扥马斯·格雷	Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard	墓园挽歌	Graveyard Poet墓园派诗人;dislike of age chaos state and desire to "natural simple peaceful"对时代纷乱状态的厌恶和对“自然简朴安详”的向往
		1751-1816	Richard Brinsley Sheridan	查理·布林斯莱· 谢里丹	The Rivals The School for Scandal	情敌造谣学校	He is considered to be the only important English dramatist of the 18th century他被认为是唯一重要的18世纪英国剧作家最有成就的喜剧家;Morality is the constant theme 道德是不变的主题

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