TheConfusingpursuitofbeauty课⽂分析及知识点
Text A of Unit 2 课⽂分析及知识点The confusing pursuit of beauty
课⽂的标题是⼀个名词短语，话题是pursuit of beauty，“对美的追求”，confusing“令⼈困惑的”对名词短语起修饰作⽤，做定语，表明作者的态度。本⽂是⼀篇对⽐性的⽂章，就男性和⼥性对美的追求，分三个⽅⾯进⾏概述，并举例说明。注意开头和结尾的写法：开头设置情景，引出话题。结尾呼应。思考结论是什么？ 1 If you're a man at some point a woman will ask you how she looks.
at some moment 在某个时候
2 You must be careful how you answer this question. The best technique is to form an honest yet sensitive response then promptly excuse yourself for some kind of emergency. Trust me this is the easiest way out. No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer.
Form a response 给予答复
Excuse oneself for some kind of emergency借⼝有急事马上脱⾝
Way out ：exit; a way of escaping from a difficult situation出路cssci
例如：She was in a mess and could see no way out
女子冰球句⼦学习1：
No amount of sth. will do…⽤于表达“⽆论如何都不会发⽣期待的结果”。
No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer.
对于她的这⼀问题，⽆论你事先练习多少次，都不会到正确答案。
come up with 想出（答案）
3 The problem is that men do not think of their looks in the same way women do. Most men form an opinion of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of their lives. Some men think they're irresistibly desirable and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age.
句⼦学习2：
The problem is that men do not think of their looks in the same way women do. 本句的结构：主从复合句，从句部分为 that 引出的表语从句，和way 后⾯的定语从句。“其原因是，男性和⼥性对外表的看法截然不同。” Stick to: keep doing what you believe
Some men think they're irresistibly desirable and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age. Irresistibly (adv.) visibly (adv.)
age (v.) to become older
< As he aged, his memory got worse.他随着年事增⾼，记忆⼒就变差了。The population is aging(=more people are living longer).⼈⼝正在⽼龄化。
有些男性认为⾃⼰有不可抗拒的魅⼒，即使随着年龄的增长，他们头发掉光了，脸上布满皱纹，他们仍然拒绝改变这种看法。
4 Most men I believe are not arrogant about their looks. If the transient thought passes through their minds at all they like to think of themselves as
average-looking. Being average doesn't bother them; average is fine. They don't affix much value to their looks or think of them in terms of aesthetics. Their primary form of beauty care is to shave themselves，which is essentially the same care they give to their lawns. If at the end of his four minute allotment of time for grooming a man has managed to wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn't bleeding too badly he feels he's done all he can.
Be arrogant about…对感到傲慢
Average-looking 样貌平常的，长相普通的good-looking 好看的，美貌的weird-looking 样貌古怪的（Para 6）
Affix value to sth. 认为有价值consider sth. valuable
in terms of aesthetics从美学的⾓度/⽅⾯
句⼦学习3：
Their primary form of beauty care is to shave themselves，which is essentially the same care they give to their lawns. 他们的打扮⽅式主要就是刮刮胡⼦，就像打理⾃家草坪⼀样。
5 Women do not look at themselves this way. If I had to guess what most women think about their appearance it would be: "Not good enough." No matter how attractive a woman may be, her perception of herself is eclipsed by the beauty industry. She has trouble thinking "I'm beautiful." She magnifies the smallest imperfections in her body and imagines them as glaring flaws the whole world will notice and ridicule.
句⼦学习4：
No matter how attractive a woman may be, her perception of herself is eclipsed by the beauty industry.⼀位⼥⼠，⽆论她看起来多么吸引⼈，她对⾃⼰的看法总是由于受美容业的影响⽽蒙着⼀层阴影。
句⼦结构：No matter how 引出让步状语从句，⽆论中冶成工建设有限公司
Eclipse n. ⽇蚀,⽉蚀，衰落v.引起⽇蚀，引起⽉蚀，使...黯然失⾊
< Twilight—eclipse 《暮光之城—蚀》
6 Why do women consider their looks so deficient? This chronic insecurity isn't inborn but created through the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors beginning with the dolls we give them as children. Girls grow
up playing with dolls proportioned so that if they were human they would be seven feet tall and weigh 61 pounds with tiny thighs and a large upper body. This is an absurd standard to live up to especially when you consider the size of the doll's waist a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve. Contrast this absurd standard with that presented to little boys with their "action figures". Most of the toys that young boys have played with were weird-looking like the one called Buzz-Off that was part human part flying insect. This guy was not a looker but he was still extremely self-confident. You could not imagine him saying to the others "Is this accessory the right shade of violet for this outfit?"
铜绿山句⼦学习5：
This chronic insecurity isn't inborn but created through the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors beginning with the dolls we give them as children. 这种长期的不安全感并不是与⽣俱来的，⽽是由许多复杂的
⼼理和社会因素的相互作⽤造成的，从⼩时候⼤⼈们给她们买洋娃娃时就开始了。句⼦结构：通过介词 through 和分词短语beginning with 使句⼦得以扩展 句⼦学习6：
Sth. happens especially when….表达“事物的普遍性或严重性”
This is an absurd standard to live up to especially when you consider the size of the doll's waist a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve. 要达到这样的标准是很荒唐的，尤其是当我们想想那种洋娃娃的腰围尺⼨，就知道其相对尺⼨对任何⼀个活⼈来说都是不可企及的。
Play with dolls/toys 摆弄的洋娃娃/玩具
Hang out with friends 和朋友⼀起玩
Live up to a standard 达到标准
7 But women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie dolls or girls on magazine covers which for most women is impossible. Nonetheless, the multibillion-dollar beauty industry, complete with its
own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female self-esteem, convincing women that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances that promise to "stimulate and restore" their skin. I once saw an Oprah Show in which supermodel Cindy Crawford dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience. Cindy had all these middle-aged women apply clay masks and other "wrinkle-removing" products to their faces; she stressed how important it was to adhere to the guidelines like
applying products via the tips of their fingers to protect elasticity. All the women dutifully did this even though it was obvious to any rational observer that no matter how carefully they applied these products they would never have Cindy Crawford's face or complexion.
句⼦学习7：
Nonetheless, the multibillion-dollar beauty industry, complete with its own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female self-esteem, convincing women they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams,
bronzing powders and appliances promise to "stimulate and restore" their skin. 尽管如此，产值达⼏⼗亿美元的美容业，在超市化妆品销售专区的配合下， 总是在不停地攻击着⼥性的⾃尊，使其相信⾃⼰只有购买最新的保湿⾯霜、古铜散粉，以及各种美容器具，才能“激发和恢复”肌肤活⼒。
句⼦的主⼲结构是the industry is devoted to constant warfare on…，complete with是形容词短语修饰主语convincing women that…是分词短语修饰句⼦的谓语部分，that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances 是宾语从句，that promise to "stimulate and restore" their skin是定语从句修饰all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances
Nonetheless adv. 尽管如此，但是
beauty industry美容业
dispense sth. to sb.–provide sth. for people
dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience和演播室⾥的观众分享了化妆秘诀
旅游网站论文apply…to…敷上
apply clay masks and other "wrinkle-removing" products to their faces在脸上
敷上黏⼟⾯膜和其他去皱产品
adhere to the guidelines遵守这些⽅法/指南
句⼦学习8：
All the women dutifully did this even though it was obvious to any rational observer that no matter how carefully they applied these products they would never have Cindy Crawford's face or complexion. 所有这些妇⼥都⾮常忠实地按照⾟迪说的做了。可是对任何⼀个理智的旁观者来说，⽆论她们如何认真地使⽤这些产品，她们都不可能拥有⾟迪那样的⾯容或肤⾊。（翻译时，可以把主句单独翻译为⼀个句⼦。）
结构：主句All the women dutifully did this从句部分：even though引出让步状语从句，it was obvious that …that 引出主语从句，其中no matter how ⼜引导让步状语从句
8 I'm not saying that men are superior. I'm just saying that you're not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in hopes of looking more like him. Men don't face the same societal focus purely on physical beauty and they're encouraged to reach out to other characteristics to promote their self-esteem. They might say to Brad: "Oh yeah? Well what do you know about lawn care pretty boy?"
句⼦学习9：
I’m not saying that…I’m just saying that ⽤来“更正某⼈真实的想法”I'm not saying that men are superior. I'm just saying that you're not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in hopes of looking more like him. 我并不是说男性优于⼥性。我的意思是你不可能让⼀中年男⼦在布拉德·⽪特的指导下把化妆品敷到⾃⼰脸上，期望⾃⼰能看起来更像布拉德。
in hopes of：怀有…的希望
reach out to: 请求/借助…的帮助
9 Of course women argue that they become obsessed with appearance as a reaction to pressure from men. The truth is that most men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details. I have never once，in more than 40 years of listening to men talk about women，heard a man say "She had gorgeous fingernails!" To most men，little things like fingernails are all homogeneous anyway，and one woman's flawless pink polish is exactly as invisible as another's bare nails.
become obsessed with sth.对迷恋
句⼦学习10
The truth is that most men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details.
⽽事实是，⼤多数男性认为美丽不仅仅来⾃于⼝红和⾹⽔，⽽且他们也不会去注意这些额外的细节。
句⼦结构：that 引出表语从句
句⼦学习11HOUSE OF SAND AND FOG
To most men，little things like fingernails are all homogeneous anyway，and one woman's flawless pink polish is exactly as invisible as another's bare nails.
对⼤多数男性来说，像指甲这样⼩的东西看起来都⼀样，⽆论⼀个⼥⼠的指甲是⽤粉⾊指甲油涂得完美⽆瑕，还是光光的毫⽆修饰，男性都⼀概视⽽不见。
句⼦结构：and连接并列句
Like 介词：⽐如
As…as 和⼀样
10 By participating in this system of extreme conformity women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women，the only ones qualified to judge their efforts. What is the real benefit of working this hard to appease men who don't notice when it only exposes women to prosecution from other women?
extreme conformity极端的从众⾏为
open up to 对…开放，对…打开⼼扉
句⼦学习12：
What is the real benefit of working this hard to appease men who don't notice when it only exposes women to prosecution from other women?
但是，如此费⼒地去取悦男性⽽他们却根本不会注意，同时⼜只是招致其他⼥性的指责，这样做究竟有什么好处呢？
句⼦结构：主句是疑问句部分，从句是 who引出的定语从句和 when 引出的时间状语从句，it指的是working this hard to appease men who don't notice Expose… to 暴露于，使处于的影响下
11 Anyway to get back to my original point: If you're a man and a woman asks you how she looks you can't say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage. But you also can't shower her with empty compliments about how her shoes complement her dress nicely because she'll know you're lying. She has spent countless hours worrying about the differences between her looks and Cindy Crawford's. Also she suspects that you're not qualified to voice a subjective opinion on anybody's appearance. This may be because you have shaving cream in your hair and inside the folds of your ears.
句⼦学习13：
Anyway to get back to my original point:⾔归正传
Anyway to get back to my original point: If you're a man and a woman asks you how she looks you can't say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage.
句⼦学习14：
But you also can't shower her with empty compliments about how her shoes complement her dress nicely because she'll know you're lying.
但是，你也不能慷慨地⼤放空洞之词，赞美她的鞋⼦和裙⼦是多么相配，因为她知道你是在说谎。
句⼦结构：主句you also can't shower her with empty compliments about
从句宾语从句how…. 原因状语从句because…..
Compliment n. 赞美
Complement v. 补⾜
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