2012 届毕业设计说明书
摘 要
自动分拣系统是目前物流中心中广泛采用的一种自动化作业系统，该系统的作业过程可以简单描述如下：流动中心每天接收成百上千家供应商或货主通过各种运输工具送来的成千上万种商品，在最短的时间内将这些商品卸下并按商品品种、货主、储位或发送地点进行快速准确的分类，将这些商品运送到指定地点(如指定的货架、加工区域、出货站台等)，同时，当供应商或货主通知物流中心按配送指示发货时，自动分拣系统在最短时间内从庞大的高层货架存储系统中准确到要出库的商品所在位置，并按所需数量出库，将从不同储位上取出的不同数量的商 品按配送进点的不同运送到不同的理货区域或配送站台集中，以便装车配送。
自动分拣控制系统广泛应用于社会各行各业，如：物流配送中心、邮局、采矿、港口、码头、仓库……该控制系统的应用可以大大提高企事业单位该环节的生产效率。由于分拣系统运行平稳、安全性高，同时，人工拣取物料的作业量降低，对物品的损坏减少，为顾客创造了更多的价值，为公司赢得了更多的信誉和商机。
本文作者通过查阅大量资料，对自动分拣系统及其相关的技术发展、现状和趋势作了一个比较全面的总结。在熟悉了自动分拣系统的原理的基础上，根据一定的分拣要求以三菱PLC为控制核心，MCGS组态软件为监控软件，设计出材料分拣控制系统。该材料分拣系统以电感传感器、电容传感器、颜传感器等传感器采集信号,传输给PLC芯片，驱动电磁阀对汽缸进行动作，实现现场控制产品的自动分拣。系统具有自动化程度高、运行稳定、分拣精度高、易控制的特点,对不同的分拣对象,稍加修改本系统即可实现要求。 关键词 材料自动分拣 ；传感器；三菱PLC ；MCGS组态软件
ABSTRACT
Automatic sorting system is the logistics center is widely used in an automatic operating system, the operating system process can be simply described as follows: Mobility Center receive every day thousands of suppliers or owner of the goods through various means of transport sent tens of thousands of kinds of commodities, in the shortest possible time to unload these goods according to the variety of goods, consignor,storage or transmission sites are fast and accurate classification, these goods transported to the designated locations ( such as the specified shelf, processing area, shipping platform ), at the same time, when the supplier or the owner notification logistics center according to distribution order, automatic sorting system in the shortest time from huge the top shelf storage system to find accurate to the merchandise location, in accordance with the required number of outbound, from a different storage on Extraction of different quantity according to the delivery point different transported to different tally area or distribution platform, so that loading distribution.
Automatic control system is widely used in all walks of life, such as: logistics distribution center, post office, mining, ports, docks, warehouses ... ... The application of the control sys
tem can greatly improve the enterprises and institutions of the links of the production efficiency. Since the sorting system stable operation, high safety, at the same time, artificial picking material operation quantity to reduce, reduce damage of goods, for the customer to more value, for the company to win more reputation and business opportunities.
The author of this article through access to large amounts of data, the automatic sorting system and its related technology development, current situation and trend made a more comprehensive summary. Familiar with the automatic sorting system based on the principles, according to certain sorting requirements to Mitsubishi PLC as the control core, MCGS configuration software for monitoring software, design material sorting control system. The material sorting system with inductive sensors, capacitance sensors, color sensors and other sensor to collect signals, transmitted to the PLC chip, drive the electromagnetic valve to cylinder motion, on-site control products automatic sorting. The system has a high degree of automation, stable operation, high accuracy, easy sorting control characteristics, for different sorting objects, modify the system can reach the requirements.
Key words Automatic sorting ；Sensor ；Mitsubishi PLC ；MCGS configuration software
1 绪论………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 自动分拣系统的定义………………………………………………………1
1.2 自动分拣系统研究现状及发展趋势………………………………………1
1.3 自动分拣系统研究的意义…………………………………………………2
1.4 论文主要内容………………………………………………………………2
2 系统总体设计……………………………………………………………………3
2.1 系统方案的论证和选择……………………………………………………3
2.2 系统任务分析………………………………………………………………3
2.3 系统总体方案设计…………………………………………………………4
2.3.1 材料分拣系统的结构框图……………………………………………4
2.3.2 材料分拣系统的主要硬件结构………………………………………5
3 系统硬件设计……………………………………………………………………9
3.1 传感器的选型……………………………………………………………9
3.1.1 电感式传感器…………………………………………………………9
3.1.2 电容式传感器…………………………………………………………10
3.1.3 颜传感器……………………………………………………………12
3.2 限位开关的设计……………………………………………………………13
3.3 电磁阀的设计…………………………………………………………….14
3.4 PLC的选型…………………………………………………………………15
3.5 PLC输入输出接线端子图…………………………………………………16
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