循环miRNA：一种新的癌症诊断和预后的潜在生物标记物mirna靶基因分析
miRNA的正常表达调控对于维持细胞机能处于一种稳定状态至关重要。最近，科学家们发现尽管人体血液中存在大量核糖核酸酶（RNA酶），但在健康人和患者的细胞外血液中均存在着游离的miRNA。大多数这些循环miRNA被包含于与脂质或脂蛋白复合物之中，如凋亡小体（apoptotic bodies）、微泡（microvesicles）、外来体（exosomes）等，因此在血液中能耐RNA酶，具有良好的稳定性。癌症患者血液中的循环miRNA有可能成为一种新的潜在生物标志物，用于癌症的诊断和预后。本篇文章总结了一些在癌症患者中具有诊断、预后及意义的miRNAs，同时期待更多关于循环miRNA分泌和纳入机制的研究 Abstract：In the past several years，the importance of microRNA（miRNA）in can-cer cells has been recognized.Proper control of miRNA expression is essential for maintaining a steady state of the cellular machinery.Recently，it was discovered that extracellular miRNAs circulate in the blood of both healthy and diseased patients，although ribonuclease is present in both plasma and serum.Most of the circulating miRNAs are included in lipid or lipoprotein complexes，such as apoptotic bodies，microvesicles，or ex
osomes，and are highly stable.The existence of circulating mi-RNAs in the blood of cancer patients has raised the possibility that miRNAs may as a novel diagnostic marker.However，the secretory mechanism and biological function，as well as the meaning of the existence of extracellular miRNAs，remain largely unc-ear.In this review，the usefulness of circulating miRNA for cancer diagnosis，progno-sis，and therapeutics were summarized.Furthermore，a mechanism for the secretion and incorporation of miRNA into the cells are expected.
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