先说结论：
在CentOS里，修改时区有几个途径，它们似乎各不相干： 方法一图形化工具修改，实际上是修改 /etc/sysconfig/clock
方法二对 /etc/localtime 建立软链接
方法三用保留的前次的 /etc/localtime备份，恢复到特定的时区
首先，需要指出一点， /etc/localtime 本身是一个不可读的文件，直接看只能看到乱码 但是可以用 zdump命令来看：
[root@fullcent ~]# zdump -v /etc/localtime
/etc/localtime -9223372036854775808 = NULL
/etc/localtime -9223372036854689408 = NULL
/
etc/localtime Sat Dec 31 15:54:07 1927 UTC = Sat Dec 31 23:59:59 1927 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=29152 /etc/localtime Sat Dec 31 15:54:08 1927 UTC = Sat Dec 31 23:54:08 1927 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sun Jun 2 15:59:59 1940 UTC = Sun Jun 2 23:59:59 1940 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sun Jun 2 16:00:00 1940 UTC = Mon Jun 3 01:00:00 1940 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Mon Sep 30 14:59:59 1940 UTC = Mon Sep 30 23:59:59 1940 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Mon Sep 30 15:00:00 1940 UTC = Mon Sep 30 23:00:00 1940 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Mar 15 15:59:59 1941 UTC = Sat Mar 15 23:59:59 1941 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Mar 15 16:00:00 1941 UTC = Sun Mar 16 01:00:00 1941 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Tue Sep 30 14:59:59 1941 UTC = Tue Sep 30 23:59:59 1941 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Tue Sep 30 15:00:00 1941 UTC = Tue Sep 30 23:00:00 1941 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat May 3 15:59:59 1986 UTC = Sat May 3 23:59:59 1986 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat May 3 16:00:00 1986 UTC = Sun May 4 01:00:00 1986 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 13 14:59:59 1986 UTC = Sat Sep 13 23:59:59 1986 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 13 15:00:00 1986 UTC = Sat Sep 13 23:00:00 1986 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 11 15:59:59 1987 UTC = Sat Apr 11 23:59:59 1987 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 11 16:00:00 1987 UTC = Sun Apr 12 01:00:00 1987 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=3240
0 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 12 14:59:59 1987 UTC = Sat Sep 12 23:59:59 1987 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 12 15:00:00 1987 UTC = Sat Sep 12 23:00:00 1987 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 9 15:59:59 1988 UTC = Sat Apr 9 23:59:59 1988 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 9 16:00:00 1988 UTC = Sun Apr 10 01:00:00 1988 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 10 14:59:59 1988 UTC = Sat Sep 10 23:59:59 1988 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 10 15:00:00 1988 UTC = Sat Sep 10 23:00:00 1988 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 15 15:59:59 1989 UTC = Sat Apr 15 23:59:59 1989 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 15 16:00:00 1989 UTC = Sun Apr 16 01:00:00 1989 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 16 14:59:59 1989 UTC = Sat Sep 16 23:59:59 1989 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 16 15:00:00 1989 UTC = Sat Sep 16 23:00:00 1989 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 14 15:59:59 1990 UTC = Sat Apr 14 23:59:59 1990 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 14 16:00:00 1990 UTC = Sun Apr 15 01:00:00 1990 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 15 14:59:59 1990 UTC = Sat Sep 15 23:59:59 1990 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 15 15:00:00 1990 UTC = Sat Sep 15 23:00:00 1990 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 13 15:59:59 1991 UTC = Sat Apr 13 23:59:59 1991 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime Sat Apr 13 16:00:00 1991 UTC = Sun Apr 14 01:00:00 1991 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtim
e Sat Sep 14 14:59:59 1991 UTC = Sat Sep 14 23:59:59 1991 CDT isdst=1 gmtoff=32400 /etc/localtime Sat Sep 14 15:00:00 1991 UTC = Sat Sep 14 23:00:00 1991 CST isdst=0 gmtoff=28800 /etc/localtime 9223372036854689407 = NULL
tz15
/etc/localtime 9223372036854775807 = NULL
[root@fullcent ~]# ls -lrt /etc/localtime
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Mar 8 17:42 /etc/localtime
[root@fullcent ~]# file /etc/localtime
/etc/localtime: timezone data
[root@fullcent ~]#
先来查看当前的时区
[root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 14:24:36 +0800
[root@fullcent ~]# date
Wed Mar 13 14:24:38 CST 2013
[root@fullcent ~]#
用 tzselect 查看时区信息：
[root@fullcent ~]# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly. Please select a continent or ocean.
1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Arctic Ocean
5) Asia
6) Atlantic Ocean
7) Australia
8) Europe
9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format. #? 5
Please select a country.
1) Afghanistan 18) Israel 35) Palestine
2) Armenia 19) Japan 36) Philippines
3) Azerbaijan 20) Jordan 37) Qatar
4) Bahrain 21) Kazakhstan 38) Russia
5) Bangladesh 22) Korea (North) 39) Saudi Arabia
6) Bhutan 23) Korea (South) 40) Singapore
7) Brunei 24) Kuwait 41) Sri Lanka
乳化液废水处理
8) Cambodia 25) Kyrgyzstan 42) Syria
9) China 26) Laos 43) Taiwan
10) Cyprus 27) Lebanon 44) Tajikistan
11) East Timor 28) Macau 45) Thailand
12) Georgia 29) Malaysia 46) Turkmenistan
13) Hong Kong 30) Mongolia 47) United Arab Emirates
14) India 31) Myanmar (Burma) 48) Uzbekistan
15) Indonesia 32) Nepal 49) Vietnam
16) Iran 33) Oman 50) Yemen
17) Iraq 34) Pakistan
#? 23
The following information has been given:
Korea (South)
Therefore TZ='Asia/Seoul' will be used.
Local time is now: Wed Mar 13 15:26:56 KST 2013.
Universal Time is now: Wed Mar 13 06:26:56 UTC 2013.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? Yes
Please enter 1 for Yes, or 2 for No.
#? 1
You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
TZ='Asia/Seoul'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.
Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Asia/Seoul
[root@fullcent ~]#
吸收式制冷机组
[root@fullcent ~]# date
Wed Mar 13 14:28:01 CST 2013
[root@fullcent ~]#
tzselect 只是起到一个展示的作用！！！
现在修改 /etc/localtime，把它指向/usr/share/zoneinfo/下某个时区文件的软链接。
并做好备份！
[root@fullcent ~]# cp /etc/localtime /etc/localtime.bak
[root@fullcent ~]# ls -lrt /etc/localtime*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Mar 8 17:42 /etc/localtime
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Mar 13 14:37 /etc/localtime.bak
[root@fullcent ~]# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Seoul /etc/localtime
[root@fullcent ~]# ls -ls /etc/localtime
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Mar 13 15:41 /etc/localtime -> /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Seoul [root@fullcent ~]#
此时再看，时区更改已经生效了：
[root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 15:43:26 +0900
[root@fullcent ~]# date
Wed Mar 13 15:43:29 KST 2013
[root@fullcent ~]#
看/etc/sysconfig/clock，还没有反应过来
[root@fullcent ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
# The ZONE parameter is only evaluated by system-config-date.
# The timezone of the system is defined by the contents of /etc/localtime.
ZONE="Asia/Shanghai"
UTC=true
ARC=false
[root@fullcent ~]#
在Gnome桌面上的 System->Administratrion->Date and Time 看到的结果仍然如此：
即便是重新启动后，再次看到的情形仍然如此：
[root@fullcent ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
# The ZONE parameter is only evaluated by system-config-date.
# The timezone of the system is defined by the contents of /etc/localtime.
ZONE="Asia/Shanghai"
UTC=true
ARC=false
[root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 15:55:11 +0900
[root@fullcent ~]# date
Wed Mar 13 15:55:14 KST 2013
[root@fullcent ~]#
也就是说 /etc/localtime 与 /etc/sysconfig/clock 产生了不一致
还是手工改动了吧：
防盗井盖
[root@fullcent ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
# The ZONE parameter is only evaluated by system-config-date.
消防正压送风口# The timezone of the system is defined by the contents of /etc/localtime.
ZONE="Asia/Seoul"
UTC=true
ARC=false
[root@fullcent ~]#
改完了文件后，再次看看，图形化工具中的时区也改为 Seoul了。
考虑回复最初的 /etc/localtime(就是我没有改动过的 localtime文件，当时的时间是8时区) [root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 16:05:14 +0900
[root@fullcent ~]#
[root@fullcent ~]# ls -lsrt /etc/localtime*
4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40
5 Mar 13 15:37 /etc/localtime.bak
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Mar 13 15:41 /etc/localtime -> /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Seoul
[root@fullcent ~]# rm -rf /etc/localtime
[root@fullcent ~]# ls -lsrt /etc/localtime*
4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40
5 Mar 13 06:37 /etc/localtime.bak
[root@fullcent ~]# cp /etc/localtime.bak /etc/localtime
[root@fullcent ~]#
成功回复到了原有时区！
[root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 15:10:11 +0800
[root@fullcent ~]# date
Wed Mar 13 15:10:14 CST 2013
[root@fullcent ~]#
但是此时，/etc/sysconfig/clock确实没有恢复回来，即便重新启动也不行：[root@fullcent ~]# date -R
Wed, 13 Mar 2013 15:15:31 +0800
[root@fullcent ~]# cat /etc/sysonfig/clock
cat: /etc/sysonfig/clock: No such file or directory
[root@fullcent ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
# The ZONE parameter is only evaluated by system-config-date.
# The timezone of the system is defined by the contents of /etc/localtime. ZONE="Asia/Seoul"
UTC=true
ARC=false
[root@fullcent ~]#
只好手工把它改回到 ZONE="Asia/Shanghai"的状态
改用美洲多伦多时区进行实验：
[root@fullcent ~]# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent or ocean.
1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Arctic Ocean
5) Asia
6) Atlantic Ocean
7) Australia
8) Europe珍珠风
9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 2
Please select a country.
1) Anguilla 28) Haiti
2) Antigua & Barbuda 29) Honduras
3) Argentina 30) Jamaica
4) Aruba 31) Martinique
5) Bahamas 32) Mexico
6) Barbados 33) Montserrat
7) Belize 34) Nicaragua
8) Bolivia 35) Panama
9) Bonaire Sint Eustatius & Saba 36) Paraguay
10) Brazil 37) Peru
11) Canada 38) Puerto Rico
12) Cayman Islands 39) Sint Maarten
13) Chile 40) St Barthelemy
14) Colombia 41) St Kitts & Nevis
15) Costa Rica 42) St Lucia
16) Cuba 43) St Martin (French part)
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