Unity3D第三⼈称视⾓DEMO（相机跟随）
Third Person User Control
Introduction
在游戏开发中，⾓⾊控制模块是必不可少的。经典的第三⼈称视⾓就是被⼴泛应⽤的⼀项设计。这个Demo主要是针对Unity3D下第三⼈称
视⾓模型（相机跟随）的⼀个简单实现，记录⼀下实现的过程与核⼼代码。 Idea
在Unity3D中导⼊⼀个⼈物模型，并创建⼀个可供⼈物活动的Terrain
调整摄像机⾄正确的视⾓（初始处于⼈物背后）
设置InputManager按键传值等基本属性，如W、A、S、D、Jump、Crouch等基本动作 导⼊或创建⼈物动作动画，并设定相应的Animator
编写脚本响应按键，实现的主要思路就是当⼈物移动时获取⼈物当前的朝向向量，归⼀化后乘速度得到⼈物前进的Vector3，之后再根据设定的转向速度将摄像机向量绕⼈物进⾏旋转（Z不变），并将⼈物朝向向量进⾏旋转得到转向向量，将转向向量与前进向量相加，即得到这⼀帧⼈物的移动向量，根据移动向量进⾏⼈物与摄像机的Transform即可。 在移动时绑定⼈物动画
Code
// Controll.cs
using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityStandardAssets.CrossPlatformInput;
namespace UnityStandardAssets.Characters.ThirdPerson
{
[RequireComponent(typeof (ThirdPersonCharacter))]
public class ThirdPersonUserControl : MonoBehaviour
{
private ThirdPersonCharacter m_Character; // A reference to the ThirdPersonCharacter on the object
private Transform m_Cam; // A reference to the main camera in the scenes transform
private Vector3 m_CamForward; // The current forward direction of the camera
private Vector3 m_Move;
private bool m_Jump; // the world-relative desired move direction, calculated from the camForward and user input.
private void Start()
{
if (Camera.main != null)
{
m_Cam = ansform;
}
else
{
Debug.LogWarning(
"Warning: no main camera found. Third person character needs a Camera tagged \"MainCamera\", for camera-relative controls.", gameObject }
// get the third person character ( this should never be null due to require component )
m_Character = GetComponent<ThirdPersonCharacter>();
}
private void Update()
{
{
m_Jump = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetButtonDown("Jump");
}
比例混合器
}蛋白精
private void FixedUpdate()
{
float h = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Horizontal");
float v = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Vertical");
bool crouch = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.C);
if (Input.GetMouseButton (1))
{
h = Input.GetAxis ("Mouse X");
}
//Debug.Log ("h: " + h.ToString ("f4"));
//Debug.Log ("s: " + v.ToString ("f4"));
if (m_Cam != null)
{
m_CamForward = Vector3.Scale(m_Cam.forward, new Vector3(1, 0, 1)).normalized;
m_Move = v*m_CamForward + h*m_Cam.right;
}
else
{
m_Move = v*Vector3.forward + h*Vector3.right;
}
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftShift)) m_Move *= 0.5f;
m_Character.Move(m_Move, crouch, m_Jump);
m_Jump = false;
}
}
}
// Character.cs
using UnityEngine;
namespace UnityStandardAssets.Characters.ThirdPerson
{
[RequireComponent(typeof(Rigidbody))]
[RequireComponent(typeof(CapsuleCollider))]
[RequireComponent(typeof(Animator))]
public class ThirdPersonCharacter : MonoBehaviour
{
[SerializeField] float m_MovingTurnSpeed = 360;
[SerializeField] float m_StationaryTurnSpeed = 180;
[SerializeField] float m_JumpPower = 12f;
[Range(1f, 4f)][SerializeField] float m_GravityMultiplier = 2f;
[SerializeField] float m_RunCycleLegOffset = 0.2f; //specific to the character in sample assets, will need to be modified to work with others [SerializeField] float m_MoveSpeedMultiplier = 1f;
[SerializeField] float m_AnimSpeedMultiplier = 1f;
[SerializeField] float m_GroundCheckDistance = 0.1f;
Rigidbody m_Rigidbody;
Animator m_Animator;
bool m_IsGrounded;
float m_OrigGroundCheckDistance;
const float k_Half = 0.5f;
float m_TurnAmount;
float m_ForwardAmount;
Vector3 m_GroundNormal;
float m_CapsuleHeight;
bool m_Crouching;
void Start()
{
m_Animator = GetComponent<Animator>();
m_Rigidbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
m_Capsule = GetComponent<CapsuleCollider>();
m_CapsuleHeight = m_Capsule.height;
m_CapsuleCenter = ;
straints = RigidbodyConstraints.FreezeRotationX | RigidbodyConstraints.FreezeRotationY | RigidbodyConstraints.FreezeRotationZ m_OrigGroundCheckDistance = m_GroundCheckDistance;
}
public void Move(Vector3 move, bool crouch, bool jump)
{
if (move.magnitude > 1f) move.Normalize();
move = transform.InverseTransformDirection(move);
CheckGroundStatus();
move = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(move, m_GroundNormal);
m_TurnAmount = Mathf.Atan2(move.x, move.z);
m_ForwardAmount = move.z;
ApplyExtraTurnRotation();
if (m_IsGrounded)
{
HandleGroundedMovement(crouch, jump);
}
else
金属焊接{
HandleAirborneMovement();
}
ScaleCapsuleForCrouching(crouch);
PreventStandingInLowHeadroom();
}
void ScaleCapsuleForCrouching(bool crouch)
{
if (m_IsGrounded && crouch)
{
if (m_Crouching) return;
m_Capsule.height = m_Capsule.height / 2f;
= / 2f;
m_Crouching = true;
}
else
{
Ray crouchRay = new Ray(m_Rigidbody.position + Vector3.up * m_Capsule.radius * k_Half, Vector3.up);
float crouchRayLength = m_CapsuleHeight - m_Capsule.radius * k_Half;
if (Physics.SphereCast(crouchRay, m_Capsule.radius * k_Half, crouchRayLength, Physics.AllLayers, QueryTriggerInteraction.Ignore))
{
m_Crouching = true;
return;
}
m_Capsule.height = m_CapsuleHeight;
= m_CapsuleCenter;
m_Crouching = false;
void PreventStandingInLowHeadroom()
{
if (!m_Crouching)
{
Ray crouchRay = new Ray(m_Rigidbody.position + Vector3.up * m_Capsule.radius * k_Half, Vector3.up);
float crouchRayLength = m_CapsuleHeight - m_Capsule.radius * k_Half;
if (Physics.SphereCast(crouchRay, m_Capsule.radius * k_Half, crouchRayLength, Physics.AllLayers, QueryTriggerInteraction.Ignore)) {
m_Crouching = true;
}
}
}
void UpdateAnimator(Vector3 move)
{
m_Animator.SetFloat("Forward", m_ForwardAmount, 0.1f, Time.deltaTime);
m_Animator.SetFloat("Turn", m_TurnAmount, 0.1f, Time.deltaTime);
m_Animator.SetBool("Crouch", m_Crouching);
m_Animator.SetBool("OnGround", m_IsGrounded);
if (!m_IsGrounded)
{
鼠标跟随m_Animator.SetFloat("Jump", m_Rigidbody.velocity.y);
}
float runCycle =
Mathf.Repeat(
m_Animator.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).normalizedTime + m_RunCycleLegOffset, 1);
float jumpLeg = (runCycle < k_Half ? 1 : -1) * m_ForwardAmount;
if (m_IsGrounded)
{
m_Animator.SetFloat("JumpLeg", jumpLeg);
}
if (m_IsGrounded && move.magnitude > 0)
{
m_Animator.speed = m_AnimSpeedMultiplier;
}
else
{
m_Animator.speed = 1;
}
}
void HandleAirborneMovement()
{
Vector3 extraGravityForce = (avity * m_GravityMultiplier) - avity;
pm2.5治理m_Rigidbody.AddForce(extraGravityForce);
m_GroundCheckDistance = m_Rigidbody.velocity.y < 0 ? m_OrigGroundCheckDistance : 0.01f;
}
void HandleGroundedMovement(bool crouch, bool jump)
{
if (jump && !crouch && m_Animator.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).IsName("Grounded"))
{
m_Rigidbody.velocity = new Vector3(m_Rigidbody.velocity.x, m_JumpPower, m_Rigidbody.velocity.z);
m_IsGrounded = false;
m_Animator.applyRootMotion = false;
m_GroundCheckDistance = 0.1f;
void ApplyExtraTurnRotation()
{
float turnSpeed = Mathf.Lerp(m_StationaryTurnSpeed, m_MovingTurnSpeed, m_ForwardAmount);
transform.Rotate(0, m_TurnAmount * turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime, 0);
}
public void OnAnimatorMove()
{
if ( m_IsGrounded && Time.deltaTime > 0)
{
Vector3 v = (m_Animator.deltaPosition * m_MoveSpeedMultiplier) / Time.deltaTime;
m_Rigidbody.velocity = v;
饮用水净化器}
}
void CheckGroundStatus()
{
RaycastHit hitInfo;
#if UNITY_EDITOR
Debug.DrawLine(transform.position + (Vector3.up * 0.1f), transform.position + (Vector3.up * 0.1f) + (Vector3.down * m_GroundCheckDistance));
#endif
if (Physics.Raycast(transform.position + (Vector3.up * 0.1f), Vector3.down, out hitInfo, m_GroundCheckDistance)) {
m_GroundNormal = al;
m_IsGrounded = true;
m_Animator.applyRootMotion = true;
}
else
{
m_IsGrounded = false;
m_GroundNormal = Vector3.up;
m_Animator.applyRootMotion = false;
}
}
}
}
PS
这个DEMO实现了基本的⾏⾛、快跑、跳跃、蹲下、站⽴等基本动作，也可以⾃⼰扩展其他功能，如通过⿏标右键拖拽调整视⾓等，⿏标左
键点击地⾯寻路等等，在后续学习中会不断加进去的！
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