186成果应用城市道桥与防洪2019年2月第2期DOI:10.16799/jki.csdqyfh.2019.02.050
张一平，吴萍
（嘉兴市水利水电勘察设计研究院，浙江嘉兴314033）
摘要：将全贯流潜水泵安装在钢闸门上组成闸门泵，适用于河道引、排水，较传统泵站具有较多优势。现介绍闸门泵的主要特、钢闸门与水泵的联结方式、钢闸门结构布置特点及设计要点。
关键词：闸门泵；结构紧凑；湿定子电机；较式反向弹性滑块；电动推杆搁门装置 中图分类号：TV664文献标志码：B文章编号:1009-7716（2019）02-0186-02
0引言
闸泵一体式泵站，简称“闸门泵”，采用全贯流潜水泵，通过连接法兰与钢闸门直联，水泵随钢闸门同步启闭，可实现闭门启泵引、排水，启门进行闸、泵养护（T。 1全贯流潜水泵的主要特
1.1结构紧凑，效率高
全贯流潜水泵的叶轮与电机转子做成一体，工作水流从转子内腔流过，结构十分紧凑，将传统的泵机合二为一，潜水电泵整机的轴向尺寸约比传统同类型潜水电泵缩短了1/2，材料的有效利用率提高，金属消耗量减小，使得整机重量减轻，约比传统潜水电泵节约用材20%以上。采用闸泵结合一体化安装形式，无需上部厂房结构，水工结构可简化，占地面积减小，减少工程投资。
全贯流泵的电机按新设计理念和方法，可大幅减小水磨损耗，电机效率已能达到88%左右，而同时，由于水流从全贯流泵内直进直出，流速分布均匀，流态平顺，局部损失很小，配合合理的流道设计，减少沿程损失，可使装置效率得以明显提高。1.2湿定子电机，无密封要求
全贯流潜水泵电机采用湿定子电机，其绕组是浸入水中工作，并通过水流对绕组进行冷却，电机结构属于敞开式，无密封要求。湿定子绕组技术成熟.绕组线圈是利用多层共熔共挤绕组线技术专利
收稿日期：2018-08-06
作者简介：张一平（1965—），男，工程师，从事水利水电工程设
蛭石板计工作。制造的专用耐水绕组线，其工作环境介质即为水，因此没有普通干式潜水电机的对电机腔进行密封防水的要求，减少了因电机密封失效进水而引起电机烧毁的安全隐患，电机的可靠性大大提高。
1.3冷却充分，可靠性高
全贯流潜水泵电机属于完全浸入水中的敞开式电机，其冷却介质即为泵送水流，电机定、转子在运行过程中所产生的热量，能及时、有效地被工作水流带走，冷却充分，电机温升非常低，仅比环境水流温度高约10七左右。彻底解决了由于电机运行过程中定、转子冷却不充分，造成电机温升过高，引起定、转子膨胀，最终导致定、转子相擦的严重后果，从根本上提高了电机工作的可靠性。
1.4叶片消除间隙，抗汽蚀性能好
传统轴流电泵的叶片与转轮室间存在间隙，液体在叶片工作面和背面压差的作用下，沿着外缘间隙从工作面向背面的流窜，高速绕流引起压力下降造成汽蚀。全贯流泵的叶片与叶轮轮毂和转子铁芯是刚性连接成一整体，随同转子铁芯一起旋转，从根本上消除了叶片间隙的存在，提高了叶片抗汽蚀性能。
2钢闸门设计
2.1钢闸门与全贯流潜水泵的联结
钢闸门面板上焊接法兰圈作安装基面，并作24个均布螺孔。其定位精度由位置度公差控制，钢闸门与
全贯流潜水泵采用A2-70不锈钢螺栓联结坚固，全贯流潜水泵连接法兰面设橡胶密封圈防止渗漏，如图1所示。
全贯流潜水泵由于结构紧凑，泵体短，极易出其重心位置，使泵体两端几乎以连接法兰对称，
2019年2月第2期城市道桥与防洪成果应用187
图1钢闸门与全贯流潜水泵联结图
闸门泵的重心按水泵和钢闸门的重心复合计算.吊耳中心与之重合。闸门与水泵在工厂组装后，整体再作静平衡试验，闸门的倾斜不应大于门高的1/1000，当不符合规定时，应予配重。
2.2门叶结构设计
全贯流潜水泵的安装法兰面一般在其重心位置，水泵进水侧置于闸门内.钢闸门面板开安装孔，孔内设筒圈及翼缘环。闸门采用多主梁结构，按构造要求加密布置，主梁与筒圈等高焊接，增加整体强度。
闸门主支承采用MGA自润滑台式弧面滑块，MGA自润滑材料通过对高分子材料改进，利用特殊的合成工艺制造，具有摩擦系数低、自润滑免维护、承载能力大、抗震性能好等特点。闸门反支承采用餃式反向弹性滑块，借助橡皮的弹力把门叶紧贴在门槽反轨上，可有效控制水泵振动，保持水泵平稳运行。
2.3启闭机选型与搁门装置设计
闸门泵的启闭可选用BQP型闭式传动固定卷扬式启闭机。传统卷扬式启闭机开式齿轮传动精度低，润滑条件差.轮齿外露易磨损，后期维护工作量较大，而闭式启闭机采用全封闭传动.能保证良好的润滑效果和较高的啮合精度.传动效率高，维护保养方便。
全贯流潜水泵安装后，闸门泵整体重心接近面板，而传统菱式半自动搁门器因接触面积小，且安装位置不容易与闸门泵重心对正，闸门易倾斜，故闸门泵搁门宜采用工字梁，以加大接触面长度，提高搁门稳定性。为满足自动化控制要求，搁门梁由LAP型电动推杆驱动作往复直线运动，电动推杆磁感应限位开关作行程控制，如图2所示。闸门泵搁门后，全贯流潜水泵位于检修平台上方，检修梁上设置CD1型电动葫芦，安装、维护极为方便。
3闸门泵工程应用实例
浙江省嘉兴市秀洲区长水塘灌区万里浜泵站，使用平面滑动钢闸门与全贯流潜水泵组成闸门泵，与传统轴流泵相比，可节省泵房土建投资十多万元，同时还可减少占地面积及建设周期。
闸门泵钢闸门尺寸(6mx4.8mx1.63m),H 重6.4t，采用多主梁结构，主支承采用MGA台式弧面滑块，反支承采用較式反向弹性滑块，侧止水为P型橡胶止水，底止水采用条型橡胶止水并与侧止水叠接，钢
闸门防腐采用热喷锌复合涂层，干膜厚不小于350(X m，启闭机型号QP2x80kN，静水启闭；水泵选用600QGWZ-125全贯流潜水泵，设计扬程2.75m，设计流量0.78m%，额定转速730rpm，泵段水力效率82%，轴功率25.5kW，全贯流潜水泵电机型号YQSN850-8P(30kW,380V)，额定功率30kW，电气防护等级IP68.湿定子电机专用绝缘等级，水泵整机重量2.2t0
万里浜闸门泵自投入运行以来，振动小、噪声低、效率高、运行平稳可靠，相比传统的泵站，还具安装快速、费用低、占地面积小、操作简便等优点。
高见光
4结语
闸门泵是全贯流潜水泵与钢闸门结合安装方式的创新，非常适合于中小型轴流泵和灌流泵应用的地方，且操作、维护简便，便于水利工程标准化管理，具有广泛应用前景。
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[3]SL105-2007，水工金属结构防腐蚀规范[$].
[4]SL584-2012，潜水泵站技术规范
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