【数学建模】基于matlabGUI弱肉强食问题—Volterra模型【含Matlab源码1。。。

【数学建模】基于matlabGUI弱⾁强⾷问题—Volterra模型【含Matlab源码1。。

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⼀、案例简介

1 问题模型介绍

弱⾁强⾷问题—Volterra 模型

处于同⼀⾃然环境中两个种之间的关系除了相互竞争和相互依存之外，还有⼀种更为有趣的⽣存⽅式：种甲靠丰富的天然资源⽣长，⽽种⼄则靠掠⾷甲为⽣．地中海⾥的⾷⽤鱼与鲨鱼，加拿⼤森林中的美洲兔与⼭猫，阿尔卑斯⼭中的落叶松与芽⾍等都是这种⽣存⽅式的典型．⽣态学上种甲称为⾷饵 (Prey)，种⼄称为捕⾷者(Predator)，⼆者共处组成⾷饵⼀捕⾷者系统(简称P—P 系统)．

2 试题建模过程

祛痘灵

2.1 题⽬理解

根据⾼中⽣物所学以及平时⽇常知识的积累，很容易理解题⽬的要求。即建⽴⼀个存在捕⾷者与被捕⾷者（⾷饵）的系统，以时间为线，查看不同参数下，捕⾷者和⾷饵的数量关系的变化情况。步骤应该如下，⾸先根据⾃⼰建⽴的模型求解出⼀组能使系统稳定的系数，即捕⾷者与被捕⾷者的数量是呈现周期变化的。再⽤ MATLAB ⼯具的⼀系列画图函数以及动画效果，实际模拟其数量的变化情况，在考虑实际情况的因素下，看仿真结果是否与实际情况相符，若相符则模型建⽴基本正确，若不成功就需要再改进模型。

我将这个问题具体化，即考虑⼀⽚草原上的狼和⽺问题，狼即为题⽬中的捕⾷者，且假设狼离开⽺是不能够⽣存的；⽺为⾷饵，⽺有充⾜的⾷物资源（草）来⽣存。

除此之外，通过查阅资料，我发现不仅两种有着模型，三种也有这类似的情况，三种的情况在我的系统仿真模型中也有⼀定的体现；还有就是我也考虑了种的⾃⾝阻滞作⽤。

2.2 做题⽬前的准备⼯作

在上课的时候，王⽼师已经讲过了⼀些实际模型的建⽴⽅法以及求解过程。王⽼师也花了⼀部分时间，

给我们讲解了 MATLAB 的基本⽤法以及 MATLAB 的GUI ⼯具。⾃⼰在上课的时候课下也基本都⼀⼀试过这些操作。再加上原先已经对于MATLAB 有过⼀定的了解，所以对于此题⽬⼊门还是很快的。

说到⾃⼰为什么选择这道题⽬，⾃⼰在⼤⼆的暑假⾃⼰帮读研究⽣的表做过⼀个项⽬，简单来说就是“初期城市建设⽤地的规划”问题。使⽤的是 NetLogo 软件。当时在了解这个软件的时候，从 NetLogo 它⾃带的模型库中到了⼀个“狼⽺草”问题的模型，⾃⼰也是因为这个模型，才将Netlogo ⼊了门，并且帮助表做了⼀些东西。这个软件的“狼⽺草”模型库的界⾯如下：

⼆、部分源代码

function varargout =main(varargin)

% MAIN MATLAB code for main.fig

% MAIN, by itself, creates a new MAIN or raises the existing

% singleton*.

% H = MAIN returns the handle to a new MAIN or the handle to

% the existing singleton*.

%MAIN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local

% function named CALLBACK in MAIN.M with the given input arguments.

摩根轧机

%MAIN('Property','Value',...) creates a new MAIN or raises the

% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are

% applied to the GUI before main_OpeningFcn gets called. An

% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application

% stop. All inputs are passed to main_OpeningFcn via varargin.

%*See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one

% instance to run(singleton)".

% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help main

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.527-Oct-202115:55:05

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

gui_Singleton =1;

gui_State =struct('gui_Name', mfilename,...

'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton,...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @main_OpeningFcn,...

'gui_OutputFcn', @main_OutputFcn,...

'gui_LayoutFcn',[],...

'gui_Callback',[]);

if nargin &&ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback =str2func(varargin{1});

end

if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}]=gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

%--- Executes just before main is made visible.

function main_OpeningFcn(hObject,~, handles, varargin)

% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% varargin command line arguments to main(see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for main

handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes main wait for user response(see UIRESUME)

%uiwait(handles.figure1);

% ha =axes('units','normalized','pos',[0011]);闪光灯柔光罩

%uistack(ha,'down');

% img =imread('ly.jpg');

%image(img);

% colormap gray

%set(ha,'handlevisibility','off','visible','off');

地热供暖设备

% axis off

%建⽴对话框标题

set(handles.figure1,'name','模型仿真系统参数设定&模式选择');

%set(handles.figure1,'color',[0,200,100]/255);

set(handles.figure1,'units','normalized');

set(handles.figure1,'position',[0.2,0.2,0.6,0.6]);

%--- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout =main_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% varargout cell array for returning output args(see VARARGOUT);

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

金属活接% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1}= handles.output;

function x1_0_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to x1_0(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of x1_0 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of x1_0 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function x1_0_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to x1_0(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function x2_0_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to x2_0(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of x2_0 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of x2_0 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function x2_0_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to x2_0(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function l1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to l1(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of l1 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of l1 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function l1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to l1(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function r1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to r1(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r1 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of r1 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function r1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to r1(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function r2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to r2(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r2 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of r2 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function r2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to r2(see GCBO)

核桃壳滤料% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function l2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to l2(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)

% Hints:get(hObject,'String') returns contents of l2 as text

%str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of l2 as a double

%--- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function l2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to l2(see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc &&isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

三、运⾏结果

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