成年女性正常血压水平及高血压诊断标准研究

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·论著·成年女性正常血压水平及高血压诊断标准研究
许春奇1,2*,尚亚东1,程仁力1,王爱红2,尤家聪2,钟平3
【摘要】 目的 通过比较血压的性别差异,了解成年女性正常血压水平,探讨其高血压诊断标准。方法 采用
便利抽样的方法,选取2016年5—12月安徽省宿州地区5个村自愿到当地诊室接受检查的18~20、21~30、31~40、
41~50、51~60、≥61岁女性各150例。另外,采用相同的抽样方法和筛选标准在每个村选取相同年龄段、相同人数
的成年男性。采用台式水银血压计测量血压,心脏彩超检查有无室间隔和/或左心室后壁增厚,心电图检查有无左心
室高电压和/或电轴左偏。结果 除51~60岁人外,各年龄段女性收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均低于男性,
差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。18~20、21~30、31~40岁女性血压<90/60 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)比例高于男性
(P<0.05)。在血压<90/60 mm Hg人中,女性SBP、DBP分别为(85.6±2.4)、(55.4±1.0) mm Hg,男性SBP、
DBP分别为(87.9±2.4)、(58.7±0.7) mm Hg,差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.947、-10.694,P<0.05)。各年龄段女
性血压≥140/90、120~139/80~89 mm Hg比例与男性比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在血压120~139/80~89
mm Hg人中,女性头痛、头晕、心悸、胸闷等症状,室间隔和/或左心室后壁增厚,以及左心室高电压和/或电轴
左偏发生率高于男性(P<0.05)。结论 不同性别人正常血压水平、高血压诊断标准可能存在差异,女性正常血压
水平低于男性,正常SBP、DBP可能分别为85~120、55~80 mm Hg,女性血压>120/80 mm Hg可能存在高血压。
【关键词】 高血压;女性;诊断;正常血压
【中图分类号】 R 544.1 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.157
许春奇,尚亚东,程仁力,等.成年女性正常血压水平及高血压诊断标准研究[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(26):3170-3174.[www.chinagp]
XU C Q,SHANG Y D,CHENG R L,et al.Study on normal level of blood pressure and diagnostic criteria for hypertension in adult women[J].Chinese General Practice,2018,21(26):3170-3174.
Study on Normal Level of Blood Pressure and Diagnostic Criteria for Hypertension in Adult Women XU Chun-qi1,2*,SHANG Ya-dong1,CHENG Ren-li1,WANG Ai-hong2,YOU Jia-cong2,ZHONG Ping3
1.Department of Emergency,Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Suzhou 234000,China
2.Department of General Practice,Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Suzhou 234000,China
3.Department of Neurology,Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Suzhou 234000,China
*Corresponding author:XU Chun-qi,Associate chief physician,Associate professor;E-mail:xcq3615@126 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the diagnostic criteria for hypertension in women and understand
车辆视频监控their normal blood pressure level by comparing the gender differences in blood pressure.Methods Women at the age
of 18-20,21-30,31-40,41-50,51-60,and over 61years from five villages in Suzhou,Anhui Province,
who voluntarily went to the local clinic for examination were selected from May to December 2016,each age group
with 150cases via convenient sampling methods.The same number of male adults of the same age range in each
village were enrolled by using the same sampling method and screening criteria.Blood pressure was measured by
using a bench-top mercury sphygmomanometer,ventricular septal and/or left posterior wall thickening measured by echocardiography,and left ventricular high voltage and/or left axis deviation measured by electrocardiogram.Results
 Except for 51-60 years group,the SBP and DBP of women were significantly lower than that of men (P<0.05).
The proportion of women in 18-20 years,21-30 years,31-40 years groups whose blood pressure were <90/60 mm Hg
(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)was higher than that of men (P<0.05).In people whose blood pressure were <90/60 mm Hg,
SBP and DBP of female were (85.6±2.4) mm Hg,(55.4±1.0) mm Hg,and SBP and DBP of male were (87.9
擀筋棒±2.4) mm Hg,(58.7±0.7) mm Hg,respectively,and there was a statistically significant differe
nce (t=-2.947,-10.694,
矫姿带
免清洗助焊剂P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the ratio of people whose blood pressure were ≥140/90 mm Hg,120-139
/80-89 mm Hg between men and women in all age groups (P>0.05).In women with blood pressure of 120-139/80-89 mm Hg,
客房预定基金项目:2015年度宿州市第二批科技计划项目(自筹经费,〔2016〕84-8)
1.234000安徽省宿州市,安徽医科大学附属宿州医院急诊科
2.234000安徽省宿州市,安徽医科大学附属宿州医院全科医学科
3.234000安徽省宿州市,安徽医科大学附属宿州医院神经内科
胸片数据库*通信作者:许春奇,副主任医师,副教授;E-mail:xcq3615@126

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标签:血压   女性   高血压   诊断   标准
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