How to Make a Simple 2.425GHz Helical
Aerial for Wireless ISM Band Devices 怎样制作一个简单的ISM无线电频段的 【ISM（Industry Science Medical）频段即工业科学医疗频段，该频段在美国不受FCC（美国联邦通信委员会）限制，属于工业自由辐射频段，频段范围为2.4GHz～2.4835GHz。——译者注】
Introduction
引言
As some of the readers may know, an effort by members of the Canberra Linux Users Group has been launched to set up a Canberra-wide wireless LAN. This amateur experiment's existence is largely due to the acquisition of many cut-price old style Lucent WaveLAN cards being superseded by the IEEE 802.11 standard cards. The cards were cheap but the tile antennas that came with them are no good for long haul links of more than several hundred metres. On top of this, commercial aerials that can do the job are expensive, can get rather large and are ugly, especially the conifers. My Mum would not want one on her roof.
正如很多读者都知道的，由于堪培拉Linux用户集团的成员不懈努力的结果，已经创办起了堪培拉宽带局域网。这个业余实验的存在很大程度上依赖于廉价的旧型号Lucent WaveLAN卡（透明波网络卡）被IEEE 802.11标准卡所取代获得的。卡是便宜，但是瓦片天线（贴片天线）也随之而来，而这些贴片天线不能胜任数百米之外的持久连接。除此之外，市场卖的天线倒是能担当这项工作，但是它们又大又难看，特别是针叶树（不知道指的什么天线－译者注）。我妈妈可不想在她的屋顶放上一个。
Consequently, there is no reason why this aerial couldn't also be used with any other equipment that requires a broad bandwidth in the 2.425GHz band such as the new 802.11
wireless network cards or video transmitters. If anyone does use the aerial with these bits of equipment, please let me know!
所以，没有理由不把这个天线用于那些需要使用2.425GHz波段宽带的任何设备，例如新生产的802.11网络卡或视频发射机等。如果有人在这些设备用了这个天线，一定要告诉我哦！
The idea behind this aerial was for anyone to be able to make their own aerial for point to point links, and do it cheaply. The criteria are cost effectiveness, ease of construction and durability. Durability is important as you don't want wind, beak cleaning magpies and highly destructive nibbling cockatoos ruining your Quake III and Unreal Tournament sessions. Birds landing on the aerial have the effect of severely diminishing the signal, too.
在有人低成本制作他们自己的天线并用于点对点的连接之后，我有了做这个天线的想法。其标准是成本低廉、容易制作、结实耐用。耐用是重要的，你当然不想让风吹断、喜鹊啄坏、鹦鹉凿穿你的天线，从而破坏你的Quake III
和虚幻的联赛期。鸟儿落到天线上也会使信号严重降低。
The aerial was derived from information on helical antennas in the ARRL Antenna book.
本天线源自ARRL天线手册中的螺旋天线资料。
Any places and shops referenced are in Canberra, Australia.
在澳大利亚堪培拉的任何地方和商店都能参考。
Parts
零件
To construct one aerial you will need:
制作一个天线你需要：
• 1 x 0.55 metre length of 40mm PVC plumbing pipe (40mm inner, about 42-43mm outer diameter)
1×0.55米长的40mmPVC管（内经40mm，外径大约42－43mm）• 1 x 40mm PVC endcaps
1×40mm PVC端盖
• 1 x 150mm PVC endcaps OR a sturdy thick piece of plastic or wood of similar dimensions
1×150mmPVC端盖或一个同样尺寸的结实的厚塑料片或木板。
• 2 x 25mm or 35mm U-bolts
2×25mm或35mm的U型螺丝
•8 x extra nuts for U-bolts
8×U型螺丝的螺帽
•8 x extra washers for U-bolts
8×U型螺丝的垫圈
• 1 x 5/16" round head bolt (must be short kind) and nut and washer to suit
1×5/16"圆头螺丝（必须是短的那种）以及配套的螺母和垫圈 • 1 x sheet of 0.4 - 0.7mm thick brass shim (sheeting) large enough to cut a 130mm diameter circle OR a suitably large piece of aluminium
from a Sara Lee (or like) apple pie tin. Plain old aluminium foil is too thin and tears when you drill and cut it.
1×0.4-0.7mm厚的黄铜片 （薄片）大小足够剪下一个130mm直径的圆片或者同样大小的从Sara Lee（或类似的）苹果饼烤盘剪下的铝片。旧的
铝箔太薄，在打眼或切割时会撕裂。
•Several metres of 1mm enamelled copper wire (can be greater but not much smaller than 1mm)
1mm的铜漆包线若干（可以比1mm粗但是不能比1mm细太多） • 1 x panel mount N-connector (the kind with a square base and 4 screw holes, Dick Smith has them)
1×N型接头的底板（有4个螺孔的正方形底座，Dick Smith有。） • 3 x screws, nuts and washers to suit N-connector
3×N型接头配套的螺丝、螺母和垫圈
•Printouts of the PDF files below
打印下面的PDF文件
•Slow drying Araldite
慢干型环氧树脂粘合剂
•Loctite 424 or similar (superglue could do or a hotglue gun would do)
乐泰424胶水或者类似的（可以用超强力胶水或热熔） •sealing silicone
绝缘硅有机树脂
•masking tape
遮蔽胶带
Tools needed are:
工具需要：
•Hacksaw
钢锯
•Big flat file
大扁锉
•Big strong wire cutters
大剪线钳
•Spanner to suit 5/16" nuts
适合5/16"螺母的扳手
•Philips screwdriver for the N-connector screws
用于N型连接器螺丝的飞利浦螺丝刀
•Drill
钻床
•Plethora of drill bits from small to really big
从小到大的全套钻头
•Soldering iron
烙铁
•Scissors (but not the Good Scissors, because you will wreck those and your Mum will kill you.)
剪刀（不要太好的，因为你可能毁了它，你妈妈会杀了你的。） •Stanley knife or scalpel
斯坦利刀或外科手术刀
The endcaps must have a completely flat base. Hardware House and BBC have these as do Tradesmans Warehouse in Fyshwick (next to Dick Smith) where I got mine. Canberra Southern Plumbing had caps with big dimples in the centre right where they would obstruct the placement of a bolt.
端盖必须有一个平坦的底座。五金商店和BBC英国广播公司有卖，由Fyshwick送货上门货栈（Dick Smith旁边）送货，我就是在那儿买的。堪培拉南部自来水管有中心平凹的管帽，在那儿你可以安装螺栓。
You can get the U-bolts and nuts and washers from Hardware House or BBC.
你可以从五金商店或BBC买到U型螺栓、螺母和垫圈。
The brass shim is available in whatever length you need from Belconnen Metal Centre. They have cans of the stuff rolled up. Tuggeranong Metal Centre should have it too.
黄铜薄垫片不管你需要多长都可以从贝尔科能金属中心得到。他们有卷成筒状的薄片，塔格黎诺金属中心也应该有。
Construction
制作
-Print and cut out the templates in the PDF template
file. circle.pdf and rhspiral.pdf or lhspiral.pdf Use rhspiral for right handed spiral helicals and lhspiral for left handed spirals. You will need the circle to make the ground plane (reflector), unless you can prescribe a good 130mm diameter circle yourself with a ruler and circumference.
——打印PDF里的模板，剪下它。circle.pdf和rhspiral.pdf或lhspiral.pdf ，rhspiral.pdf用于右手螺旋型的，lhspiral.pdf是左手螺旋型的。那个圆圈用来制作底盘（反射器），除非你自己用尺子和圆规画一个130mm直径的圆圈。 UPDATE!- Download HelixCalc from the theory section below to design your own templates.
更新！——从下面的原理章节中下载螺旋结构计算器设计你自己的模板。
-Cut a length of 40mm PVC to 550mm (55cm).
——切割550mm（55cm）长度的40mm的PVC。
-Wrap the winding template around the PVC tube and tape the seam together. It doesn't matter if you use the RIGHT or LEFT handed template so long as the helical at the other end is the same. Make sure the spirals line up the at the seam. A small gap at the seam is OK. If you combine
a left handed aerial with a right handed aerial then you'll get virtually no usable signal.
把模板缠绕在PVC管上，用带子把接缝捆起来。你用右手或者左手螺旋模板都没关系，只要另一端（指通信的对端——译者注）采用相同的螺旋结构。确定螺旋线在接缝处对齐。接缝处有一个小缝就行。如果同时使用右手螺旋和左手螺旋，你就不可能收到信号。 -
The end you start the template at will be the end that connects to the base. Note, you should start with the template protruding about the thickness of the endcap over the edge. See diagram below. This will compensate for the thickness of the 40mm endcap.
——模板的始端和末端哪一端都可以连接底座。注意，你必须使模板突出（PVC 管）边缘大约是端盖的厚度，见下图。以此来补偿底座40mm的厚度。
- Using a sharp point like a scribe, perforate the template along the helical line at regular intervals, say 5 or 6 per revolution. This will leave marks in the PVC you can follow when wrapping the wire around. Slide the template along in stages until you gave a complete spiral running the length of the tube. Mark the where the end of the spiral on the template finishes. You should have a few mm of t
ube left over. This is OK. ——用一个锋利的尖物如划针，沿着螺旋线每隔一定间隔扎孔。这样，你可以沿着留在PVC上的标记缠绕漆包线。直到缠完全部管子长度的螺旋线。在模板最后螺旋线端点做个记号，在管子末端留几个mm。就完成了。
- Take the 1mm wire spool and using something like superglue or Loctite 424 attach the end of the wire to where the spiral ends at the tube (the end point described above.). Slowly wind the wire around the tube, following the spiral indentations. At fairly regular intervals like a 1/2 or 1/3 turn add some more glue to hold the wire in place.
——拿来1mm铜线卷轴，用超强力胶水或者乐泰424把铜线末端粘在管子上螺
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