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石油机械
CHINA PETROLEUM MACHINERY2019年第47卷第2期
◄油气田开发工程►
含盐废水处理李予1雷江辉1马尧2陈贤1李晓艳2何冯清2 (1.中国石油新疆油田分公司基本建设工程处2.中国石油新疆油田分公司工程技术研究院）
摘要：新疆油田稠油开采过程中产生的大量高含盐废水中COD、挥发酚和硫化物等指标超 标，若不处理直接外排将会对周围的生态环境造成极大的破坏。鉴于此，根据新疆油田外排污水 可生化性的特点，培养筛选出耐高温耐高盐的高效复合菌，并结合曝气、旋流气浮和水解酸化 等预处理工艺协同降解废水中的污染物，形成了“预处理+生物接触氧化”的处理工艺。试验及 应用结果表明：采用该工艺处理后污水中含油、悬浮物、COD均达到国家二级排放标准，石油类
平均去除率90%，悬浮物平均去除率96%，COD平均去除率827“已在现场建成投产高含盐废水 达标处理站3座，累计处理废水量约150万m3，具有显著的社会效益。
关键词：稠油开发；外排污水；高含盐废水；降解复合菌；生物接触氧化技术；达标处理
中图分类号：TE992. 2 文献标识码：A DOI:10.16082/jki.issn.1001-4578.2019.02.017
Technology of Discharged Wastewater Treatment in Xinjiang Oilfield
Li Y u1Lei Jianghui1M a Yao2Chen Xian1Li Xiaoyan2He Fengqing2
(1. Basic Construction Engineering Department o f PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company；2. Engineering Technology Research Institute o f PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company)
Abstract: The indicators of C O D，vola tile phenol and sulfide in a large amount of high-salt wastewater pro- duced during heavy o i l exploitation in Xinjiang Oilfield exceed the standard, which would cause great damage to the surrounding ecological environment i f i t i s directly discharged without treatment. In view of this, according to the biodegradability characteristics of the wastewater discharged from Xinjiang Oilfield, the high-efficiency mixed bacteria group with high-temperature and high-salt tolerance i s cultured and selected. The pretreatment process such as aeration ,swirling a i r
fl ota ti on and hydrolysis acidification are used to synergistically degrade the pollution in wastewater. The treatment process of Mpretreatment + biological contact oxidation'J i s formed. The t e s t and application results show that the oil, suspended solids and C O D in the wastewater treated by the treatment process have reached the nation al secondary emission standard. The average removal rate of petroleum, suspended solids and C O D i s90%, 96% and 82%, respectively. Three high-salt wastewater treatment stations have been constructed and put into operation with the cumulative treatment wastewater volume of about 1.5 million m3, which has significant social bene fits.
Keywords ：heavy o i l development； discharged wastewater； high-salt wastewater； degradation mixed bacteria；biological contact oxidation technology； standard treatment
0引言
新疆油田稠油通过注蒸汽方式开采，生产用水 在石油开发用水中占较大比例。将稠油开发过程中 产生的污水处理后回用注汽锅炉，实现热能的综合 利用和水资源的循环使用，对于降低稠油开采成本和实现油田的可持续发展具有重要意义。但稠油热 采污水回用锅炉前需经过强酸树脂软化除硬，软化 装置再生时将会排放一定量的髙低含盐废水，经过 近年来的治理，大部分低含盐水已被回收利用，而 髙含盐废水硬度和矿化度高，目前没有回收价值，主要通过外排方式处理。据统计，新疆油田高含盐 废水年外排总量约100万m 3。同时外排含盐废水
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