1)Increased sensitivity achieved from the visible light to the near infrared light regions
Light in the near infrared light region which has long wavelengths is converted into photoelectricity deep in the semiconductor’s silicon, so in conven-tional CCD structure, sensors were incapable of efficiently gathering the charge which has undergone photoelec-tric conversion. The EXview HAD CCD structure now developed by Sony allows charge due to near infrared light,which was ineffective in conventional CCD devices, to be used as video information. As a result, device sensi-tivity has been significantly increased from the visible light region through the near infrared light region. (See photo-graph 1.) Figure 2 compares the spec-tral sensitivity characteristics of the EXview HAD CCD with conventional CCDs. As opposed to conventional CCDs, which exhibit a curve that peaks at wavelength of about 500 nm and decreases as the wavelength increases,the EXview HAD CCD provides a significantly increased sensitivity from the visible light to the near infrared light regions. Sony’s first product us-ing this new technology is a 1/2-inch 380K-pixel CCD.
2) Low smear and high saturation signal level
By adopting the EXview HAD CCD structure, Sony has achieved the industry’s lowest smear level (–120 dB)in a 1/2-inch 380K-pixel CCD. Also,since this device achieves a saturation signal level +2 dB higher than conven-tional CCDs, it can contribute increased image quality in end products, espe-cially because it achieves both higher sensitivity and a higher saturation signal level at the same time. (See table 1.)闪蒸器
3)Compatibility with conventional
products maintained
Since this device inherits the HAD sensor adopted in conventional CCDs,at the same time as featuring a low dark current, it also can support electronic shutter function. Furthermore, since it has the same pixel count, the same pin configuration, and the same drive speci-fications as conventional products, it can be used as a direct replacement. Sony also provides color products based on the EXview HAD CCD structure, but these products have different spectral sensitivity characteristics than conven-tional products.
Wavelength (nm)
R e l a t i v e s e n s i t i v i t y
s Figure 2 Spectral Sensitivity Characteristics of
EXview HAD CCD and conventional CCD
s Table 1
Imaging Characteristics of EXview HAD CCD and conventional
CCD
Imaging conditions:
LED illumination in a completely dark room LED specifications:船用靠球 Light source output: 8.9 mW Wavelength: 945 nm Half width: 45 nm
Illumination distance: 1 meter
s Photograph 1 Comparison of Images of EXview HAD CCD and conventional CCD
New CCD Structure That Is Highly Sensitive in the Near Infrared Light Region, a Range That Is Invisible to the Human Eye
ICX249AL
s
Increased sensitivity achieved from the visible light to the near infrared light regions s Low smear (–10 dB as compared to conventional products)s
High saturation signal level (+2 dB as compared to conventional products)s Supports electronic shutter function
s
Pixel counts, pin configurations,and drive specifications identical to conventional products (ICX038DLA and ICX039DL A)EXview HAD CCD (ICX248AL)
Conventional CCD (ICX038DLA)
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V D E T
V D
H D /S Y N C
D
D
B L K
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K 1
C O U T
C I N
O M P
S S 1S S 2
D D 1D D 2T
E S T R S A V D H H A V S R S H S H C V D C V S V r e E S H U T E S H U T s Table 2 CXD2463R and CXD2400R Functions
s Figure 3 CXD2463R Block Diagram (48-pin LQFP package)
Multi-Function Timing
Controller IC
CXD2463R
s On-chip vertical and horizontal CCD clock drivers
桑拿炉s Backlighting correction function
s
External synchronization function (Supports Line-Lock and VS-Lock)
s
Electronic iris function (Supports the use of a low-speed limiter.)
s
Electronic shutter function Allows the selection of one of eight settings from the following ranges:
EIA: 1/60 s to 1/100,000 s CCIR: 1/50 s to 1/100,000 s s
Supports both 250K and 380K-pixel CCDs
1) On-chip vertical driver for compact system design
The vertical driver circuit was inte-grated into the CXD2463R. Since this allows a camera system, including the CCD itself to be implemented with just three chips, it allows miniature cameras to be implemented with a simple structure. (See figure 4.)
2) Backlighting correction supported with three detection windows
The CXD2463R can output three types of window pulse for backlighting cor-rection. Each window uses an analog switch to turn the iris signal on or off and implement backlighting correction.(See figure 5.)
3) Support for external synchronization functions
The CXD2463R supports Line-Lock,VS-Lock, and HD/VD input as exter-nal synchronization functions. The CXD2463R automatically switches to the corresponding synchronization mode according to the combination of signals actually input. The CXD2463R also includes a function for output in which the operating state is in the Line-Lock, VS-Lock, or internal synchroni-zation modes based on the result of that judgment. This allows the CXD2463R to automatically switch the oscillator system based on the input signals. (See table 3.)
4)Electronic iris and shutter
functions support a wide
range of exposure control The CXD2463R supports both electronic iris and electronic shutter functions. The electronic iris function supports two modes, normal mode and a low-speed limiter mode that aims for flickerless images under fluorescent light when the EIA: 1/100 limiter func-tion is operating.
The electronic shutter function allows one of eight shutter speeds to be se-lected from either 1/60 s to 1/100,000 s (in EIA mode) or from 1/50 s to 1/100,000 s (in CCIR mode).5)Support for a wide range
of CCDs: from 1/4-inch to
卷帘门锁1/2-inch optical size
devices
The CXD2463R can drive black-and-white CCDs with either 250K or 380K pixels in a wide range of
opti-cal sizes, from 1/4-inch to 1/2-inch de-vices. Thus this device can help sup-press cost increases when constructing multiple camera systems by allowing a common board to be used. (See figure 4.)
Future
Developments
Due to its high performance, the
www.wifiok.infoEXview HAD CCD introduced above
is expected to be deployed in a wide
variety of applications. While we at
Sony have applied this EXview HAD
CCD technology to 1/2-inch 380K and
440K-pixel CCDs, we plan to take
advantage of the fine fabrication tech-
nology that is a strong point of this tech-
小型振动器nology and developing and extending
this technology to both miniature as
well as multi-pixel CCDs only to in-
car navigation systems, but to any type
of portable equipment.
Video Out
*: Applicable CCDs
1/2-inch 380K-pixel CCDs: ICX038DLA/039DLA, ICX248AL/249AL
1/3-inch 250K-pixel CCDs: ICX054BL/055BL
1/3-inch 380K-pixel CCDs: ICX058CL/059CL
1/4-inch 250K-pixel CCDs: ICX086AL/087AL, ICX206AL/207AL
1/4-inch 380K-pixel CCDs: ICX068AL/069AL, ICX208AL/209AL
s Figure 4 CXD2463R System Block Diagram s Figure 5 CXD2463R Backlighting Correction
Function (window pulse generation)
Full-screen photometry Bottom emphasis photometry
Center emphasis photometry Bottom and center emphasis photometry s Table 3 CXD2463R External Synchronization Automatic Discrimination
*: For the above external input signals, correct discrimination is not guaranteed if nonstandard signals are input.
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