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姚弥1，徐志杰2*，李海昕3，Joan Mitchell RN （EC ）4，张晨5
【摘要】 2016年，世界卫生组织（WHO）在其发布的关于世界烟草使用情况的报告中指出，每年大约有 600万人死于吸烟诱发的疾病，危害居民身心健康的同时，也给社会造成了严重的经济负担。作为社区居民健康的“守门人”，全科医生在推动社会控烟事业进步的过程中应扮演重要的角。本文基于全科医生职业使命的伦理考量，提出全科医生在社会控烟事业中应承担的伦理责任：第一，全科医生应该在行为上树立榜样，自身坚决杜绝烟草；第二，全科医生应尽力规劝其患者戒烟，同时在社区中倡导建立无烟环境；第三，全科医生应在整个医疗体系内积极宣传无烟化的理念，将戒烟辅助纳入常规诊疗服务流程。此外，全科医生还应该致力于促进政府对烟草控制框架公约的履行，推动全社会控烟事业的进步。
点火加热装置【关键词】 烟草控制；戒烟；伦理学，医学；社会责任；全科医生；无烟医院
【中图分类号】 R 163 【文献标识码】 A DOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.28.002
姚弥，徐志杰，李海昕，等．全科医生参与社会控烟的伦理责任［J］．中国全科医学，2018，21（28）：3411-
3416．［www.chinagp］YAO M，XU Z J，LI H X，et al．Ethical responsibilities of general practitioners in tobacco control［J］．Chinese General Practice，2018，21（28）：3411-3416.
Ethical Responsibilities of General Practitioners in Tobacco Control YAO Mi 1，XU Zhijie 2*，LI Haixin 3，Joan Mitchell RN （EC ）4，ZHANG Chen 5
1.Xinjiekou Community Health Center ，Xicheng District ，Beijing 100034，China
FANPN2.Cadet Brigade ，the Second Military Medical University ，Shanghai 200433，China
3.School of Pharmacy ，the Second Military Medical University ，Shanghai 200433，China
里德穆勒4.Byron Family Medical Centre ，London N5L 1H1，Canada
fm05.Department of Humanities and Social Sciences ，the Second Military Medical University ，Shanghai 200433，China
*Corresponding author ：XU Zhijie ，Resident ；E-mail ：aiolos1025@163
【Abstract 】 In 2016，the World Health Organization（WHO）indicated a fact through its published report concerning global tobacco epidemic that there are approximately 6 million deaths per year due to tobacco induced diseases.Moreover，smoking causes serious economic burden to the society while endangering the physical and mental health of the residents.As the "gatekeeper" for the health of community-dwelling residents，general practitioners（GPs）play an important role in resolving the challenges of tobacco control.From a perspective of professional ethics，this article details the following ethical responsibilities that GPs should take in reducing tobacco use at the societal level：firstly，GPs shall make themselves as a good example of abandoning the use of tobacco absolutely；secondly，GPs shall endeavor to advise their patients to stop smoking and advocate to build tobacco-free communities；thirdly，GPs shall publicize the opinions of creating tobacco-free hospitals in the healthcare system，and list smoking cessation interventions as the routine medical services.Lastly，GPs shall make great efforts to promote the implementation of WHO FCTC at the national level in order to enhance the global tobacco control.
【Key words 】 Tobacco control；Smoking cessation；Ethics，medical；Social responsibilities；General practitioners；Smoke-free hospital
烟草源于欧洲，20世纪早期开始在全世界范围内广泛流行。吸烟会诱发多种严重疾病，如心血管疾病及其他各脏器功能异常，且二手烟的危害不低于直接吸烟，因此包括中国在内的许多国家正承受着越来越重的吸烟相关疾病负担。作为社区居民健康的“守门人”，全科
医生除了负责社区常见病、多发病的诊疗外，在推动社1.100034北京市，北京市西城区新街口社区卫生服务中心2.200433上海市，第二军医大学学员旅3.200433上海市，第二军医大学药学院4.N 5L 1H 1 Byron Family Medical Centre，London，Canada 5.200433上海市，第二军医大学人文社会科学部*通信作者：徐志杰，住院医师；E-mail：aiolos 1025@163
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