周玲丽，张新胜，黄言雪
（华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室，上海200237）
中国是世界上最大的铜材生产国和消费国。在倡导转变经济发展模式的背景下，加强节能减排、减少环境污染成为电解铜工业新的挑战。在铜精炼过程中，电能消耗占有很大比例。因此，采取有效措施，降低电能消耗，对于电解铜工业有着重大意义。针对目前电解铜工艺仅局限于传统的单电源-单电极电解模式，本课题提出了一种新的电解模式，即单电源-多电极电解模式。如图1所示，所谓单电源-多电极电解模式，即除在电源正负极分别连接阳极和阴极外，在阳极和阴极的内部或者外部，插入N组副电极，由于这N组副电极之间存在电势差，就可以实现铜的溶解与提纯。在此新的电解模式下，电解槽内可同时存在多个原电池，从而总电流效率大于100%，可有效降低电能消耗、实现生产效率的提高，为电解铜工业提高生产力、加强节能减排提供了新思路。 本课题在该电解模式下，在CuSO4/H2SO4电解体系中研究了各实验因素对电解铜电流效率的影响。利用正交实验考察了3组副电极内插时CuSO4浓度、H2SO4浓度、温度、电流密度以及电荷量对电流效率的影响，得出对电流效率的影响程度为：电荷量>温度>电流密度>CuSO4浓度> H2SO4浓度，最佳工艺条件电流密度800A/m2、CuSO4浓度70g/L、H2SO4浓度180g/L、电荷量0.8A·h、温度50℃时，阴极1
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电流效率101.08%、阴极2电流效率72.65%、阴极3电流效率18.95%、阴极4电流效率22.11%，阴极总电流效率可达214.79%。关键词：电解铜，电流效率，节能
碳管炉图1 单电源-多电极原理示意图
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of singlepower–several pairs of electrodes
Study of a new energy-conservation technology of杨梅采摘机
electrolytic copper
Zhou Lingli，Zhang xinsheng，Huang Yanxue
（State Key Laboratory Of Chemical Engineering，East China University Of
Science and Technology，Shanghai 200237，China）
China is the largest copper producer and consumerin the world. Under the background of advocating of changing the mode of economic development, strengthening energy conservation and reducing environmental pollution hasbecome the new challenge of electrolytic copper industry. Electricity consumption makes up a large proportionin the process of copper refining.Therefore, it is significantto take effective measures to reduce power consumption.Confined to the traditional electrolytic mode of single power-single pair of electrodesand no satisfactory effectacquired, the topi开关量信号
智慧农业控制系统>发动机油封c presents a new electrolytic mode of single power-several pairs ofelectrodes. As is shown in Fig.1,the so-called single power-several pairs of electrodes, namely excepttwo electrodesare respectively connected to theterminal of the power, N pairs vice electrodes areinsertedin the two electrodes internal or external.Becauseof the potentialdifference between these electrodes, the dissolution and purification of the copper can be realized.The total current efficiency is more than 100%duo to multiple-primary batteries existed in a cell，and it is probable to reduce power consumptionand achieve production efficiency.
In this project, the new electrolytic mode wasstudied in the CuSO4/H2SO4electrolytic system:The influences ofcurrent density,concentration of CuSO4, concentration of H2SO4, quantity of electric charge and temperature on the current efficiency were investigated with orthogonal experiments when three pairs of vice electrodeswere inserted between the cathode and the anode. The resultsshowed that the degree of influence on current efficiency was quantity of electric charge> temperature > current density >concentration of CuSO4> concentration of H2SO4, under the optimum technological conditions of800A/m2, 44.8 g/L CuSO4, 180g/L H2SO4, 0.8 A·h, 50℃, the current efficiency were 101.08% of cathode 1, 72.65% of cathode 2, 18.95%of cathode 3, 22.11%of cathode 4, the total current efficiency of cathode may reach 214.79%.This projectprovides a new ide
a for electrolytic copper industry to improve productivity and strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction.
Key words: electrolytic copper, current efficiency, energyconservation efficiency
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