注意：
1. 另一个TERM 是silent way
3. 关系是应用语言学与语言学的关系
ACT----active control of thought
AILA/IAAL----international association of applied linguistics
AL----applied linguistics
ALAA----applied linguistics association of Australia
ALANA----applied linguistics association of New Zealand
ALM----the audio-lingual method
ASTP----the army specialized training program
BAAL----British association of applied linguistics
BICS----basic interpersonal communicative skills
CA----contrastive analysis
CAAL/ACLA----Canadian association of applied linguistics
CAGR----compound annual growth rate
CAH----the contrastive analysis hypothesis
CAL----critical applied linguistics
CALL----computer aided language learning
CALP----cognitive/academic language proficiency
CDA----critical discourse analysis
CDS----child-directed speaker
CLL----community language learning
CLT----communicative language teaching
CP----co-operative principle
CUP----Cambridge University Press
ESF----the European science foundation
EUROSLA----European second language association
FLT----foreign language teaching
FLA----first language acquisition
FSI----the Foreign Service institute’s
FUO-finite utterance organization
GCSE----general certificate of second education
GB----government and binding
GUFS----Guangdong University of foreign studies
ICT----information and communication technology
IDC----international data corporation
InJAL----international Journal of Applied Linguistics
IP----input processing
IRAL----international review of applied linguistics in language teaching
ISBU----interlanguage studies bulletin
IUO----infinite utterance organization
LAD----language acquisition device
MME----the micro-momentary expression test
MLAT----modern language aptitude test
NS----native speaker
NNS----non-native speaker
NUO----nominal utterance organization
OPI----oral proficiency interview
OUP----Oxford University Press
PDP----parallel distributed processing
PDAQ----the professed difference in attitude questionnaire
SLA----second language acquisition
SLI-----special language impairment
SLL----second language learning
SLR----second language research
S-R----stimulus-response
SSLA----studies in second language acquisition
TESOL-----teachers of English to speakers of other language
TG----transformational grammar/ transformational-generative grammar
TL----theoretical language
TLU----target-like use
TOEFL----theTest of English as a Foreign Language
TRR----total physical response
U of C----University of Calgary
UCLA----university of California Los Angeles
UG----universal grammar
WCAL----world congress of applied linguistics
ZPD----zone of proximal development
Mayes Briggs character types: E/I----extroversion-introversion
S/N----sensing-intuition
T/F----thinking-feeling
J/P----judging-perceiving
NP----noun-phrase VP----verb-phrase DP----determiner-phrase
CP----complementizer phrase IP----infection phrase TP----tense phrase
AgrP----agreement phrase PP----prepositional phrase
Terms:
Language----language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols. / A language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which the members of a society interact in terms of their total culture. / A language is “a set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements”. / Language is “the institution whereby humans communicate and interact with each other by means of habitually used oral-auditory arbitrary symbols”.
Language is an emotional subject: it belongs to everyone, so most people feel they have a right to hold an opinion about it. Languages are equal on having developed to express the needs of their users, all languages meet the social and psychological needs of their speakers. Language is magical, a mystery which, esp. in its written form, is thought to contain special powers, which only the initiated are allowed to understand or control.
Linguistics----it is the scientific study of human language in all its aspects, providing a m
ethodology for exploring the structure of particular languages and investigates what is universal to all human languages; how languages are different, how language varies over time and between different societies, how language is learnt, and how language is used for human communication.
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