牛津高中英语1—8 模块重点词汇讲解（二）
11. survive(P50, M2): Of the 2,200
people on the ship, only 705
survived.
survive
e.g.: (1) He survived in the desert for
a week on biscuits and water.
在沙漠中，他靠饼干和水维持了一周。
(2) Very few of these old coins survive.
这些古币几乎都失传了。
(3) -- How can you cope with
this huge amount of work?
-- Don’t worry; I’ll survive.
—— 你如何能够处理这么多工作？
—— 别担心，我应付得来。
Usage 2: vt., 比…活得长; 经历…之后还存在
e.g.: (1) Few buildings survived the fire.
火灾过后，建筑物所剩无几。
(2) She survived her sons.
她活得比她的儿子们长。
(3) The government is unlikely
to survive the next election.
扩展： survival
Usage 1: 【U】，幸存，残存；生存
e.g.: (1) Hopes are fading for the survival
of the missing climbers.
失踪的登山队员幸存的希望越来越渺茫了。
(2) fighting for her political survival
为政治生存而斗争
Usage 2: 【C】，残存物；遗迹，遗风
e.g.: The fashion is a survival from
the 1970s.
这种款式是上世纪70年代的遗风。
扩展： survival kit 救生箱 （包）
（装有维持生命必需品供陷
入无助境地的人自救的救生
用具）
扩展： survival of the fittest
适者生存
扩展：survivor 幸存者，残存着，生还者
e.g.: (1) There was only one survivor
from the plane crash.
在这起飞机坠毁事件中，只有一个幸存者。
(2) Don’t worry about him; he’s a survivor.
别为他担心，他能对付一切。
12. prove(P58,M2): He took all kinds
of tests to prove that he was
qualified for this important task.
prove
e.g.: (1) In order to prove her point, she
she showed them the latest
sales figure.
为了证明自己的观点，她向他们出示了
最新的销售数据。
(2) The fingerprints on the gun proved
conclusively that she was the
murderer.
上的指纹最终证明了她就是谋杀者。
Usage 2: L.v, 被证明是, 被表明是，
显示出是, 类似turn out
e.g.: (1) On the long journey he proved
a most amusing companion.
漫长的旅途证明他是一位非常有趣的同伴。
(2) These revelations could prove highly
embarrassing for the government.
揭露出来的这些事情可能会令政府非常尴尬。
13. observe(P2, M3): As Polly
observed the passengers
on the train, she sensed
that she was being watched
by a tall man in a dark coat.
observe
Usage 1: vt., to watch with careful
attention 观察，监视，观测
e.g.: (1) to observe the stars
观察星相
(2) The police have been
observing his movements.
警察一直在观察他的一举一动。
Usage 2: vt., to see and notice
e.g.: (1) Did you observe anything
unusual in his behavior?
(2) I observed that they were late.
我注意到他们迟到了。
(3) They police observed him enter
enter / entering the bank with a
shotgun.
警察注意到他持进入了银行。
Usage 3: 及物动词，遵守，奉行
（法律、习俗等）
e.g.: (1) to observe the speed limit
遵守限速令
psas
(2) Do you observe Christmas?
你们过圣诞吗？
Usage 4: vt., to make a remark; say
e.g.: (1) “That’s odd,” he observed.
“那很奇怪，”他评论道。
(2) He observed that it was odd.
他评论说那很奇怪。
14. contribute (P22, M3): Many factors
contributed to the development of
this new type of English.
contribute
Usage 1: vi. (to) to help in causing a
situation, event, or condition
e.g.: (1) Various factors contributed
to his downfall.
很多因素导致了他的失败。
(2)This advertising campaign has
significantly contributed to the
success of the new car.
广告宣传极大地促成了这款新车的
成功销售。
Usage 2: vt. /vi. ， 捐献；捐助；贡献出；
出一分钱；出一份力
e.g.: I contributed ( a pound ) to Jane’s
leaving present.
我为简的送别礼物出了钱 / 一英镑。
Usage 3: vt. /vi. ,（给杂志、报纸等）
撰稿，投稿
e.g.: She regularly contributes
to the college magazine.
她定期向校报投稿。
扩展：contribution
make a contribution to (doing) sth.
15. access( P29,M3): Today, the
spread of “borrowed words”
is due to easily accessed
television and radio programs
from across the world, and the
Internet.
access
Usage1: vt., to reach, enter
or use sth.
e.g.: The loft can be accessed by
a ladder.
通过一架梯子可以上阁楼。
Usage 2: 【U】, 进入；入口
e.g.: The only means of access to the
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