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《数字图像处理及MATLAB实现》图像增强与平滑实验

《数字图像处理及MATLAB实现》

图像增强与平滑实验

一．实验目的及要求

1、熟悉并掌握 MATLAB 图像处理工具箱的使用；

2、理解并掌握常用的图像的增强技术。

二、实验设备

MATLAB 6.5 以上版本、WIN XP 或 WIN2000 计算机

三、实验内容

（一）研究以下程序，分析程序功能；输入执行各命令行，认真观察命令执行的结果。熟悉程序中所使用函数的调用方法，改变有关参数，观察试验结果。（可将每段程序保存为一个.m文件）

1．直方图均衡化

clear all; close all % Clear the MATLAB workspace of any variables

% and close open figure windows.

I = imread('pout.tif'); % Reads the sample images ‘ pout.tif’, and stores it in

imshow(I) % an array named I.display the image

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure, imhist(I) % Create a histogram of the image and display it in

% a new figure window.

[I2,T] = histeq(I); % Histogram equalization.

figure, imshow(I2) % Display the new equalized image, I2, in a new figure window.

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure, imhist(I2) % Create a histogram of the equalized image I2.

figure,plot((0:255)/255,T); % plot the transformation curve.

imwrite (I2, 'pout2.png'); % Write the newly adjusted image I2 to a disk file named

% ‘pout2.png’.

imfinfo('pout2.png') % Check the contents of the newly written file

注意：imadjust()

功能：

调整图像灰度值或颜映像表，也可实现伽马校正。

语法：

J = imadjust(I,[low_in high_in],[low_out high_out],gamma)

newmap = imadjust(map,[low_in high_in],[low_out high_out],gamma)

RGB2 = imadjust(RGB1,...)

2．直接灰度变换

clear all; close all

I = imread('cameraman.tif');

J = imadjust(I,[0 0.2],[0.5 1]);

椒盐噪声imshow(I)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure, imshow(J)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

[X,map] = imread('forest.tif');

figure,imshow(X,map)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

I2 = ind2gray(X,map);

J2 = imadjust(I2,[],[],0.5);

figure,imshow(I2)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure, imshow(J2)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

J3 = imadjust(I2,[],[],1.5);

figure, imshow(J3)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

help imadjust

3．空域平滑滤波（模糊、去噪）

clear all; close all

I = imread('eight.tif');

h1 = ones(3,3) / 9;

h2 = ones(5,5) / 25;

I1 = imfilter(I,h1);

I2 = imfilter(I,h2);

figure(1), imshow(I), title('Original Image');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure(2), imshow(I1), title('Filtered Image With 3*3 ')

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure(3), imshow(I2), title('Filtered Image With 5*5 ')

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

% 加入Gaussian 噪声

J1 = imnoise(I,'gaussian',0,0.005);

% 加入椒盐噪声

J2 = imnoise(I,'salt & pepper',0.02);

% 对J1、J2进行平均值平滑滤波

K1 = imfilter(J1,fspecial('average',3));

K2 = imfilter(J2,fspecial('average',3));

figure(4);

subplot(2,2,1), imshow(J1) , title('gaussian');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,2), imshow(J2), title('salt & pepper ');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,3), imshow(K1), title('average ');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,4), imshow(K2);

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

K3 = medfilt2(J1,[3 3]);

K4 = medfilt2(J2,[3 3]);

figure(5);

subplot(2,2,1), imshow(J1) , title('gaussian');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,2), imshow(J2), title('salt & pepper ');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,3), imshow(K3), title(' Median filtering ');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

subplot(2,2,4), imshow(K4)

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

4．空域锐化滤波

clear all; close all

I = imread('moon.tif');

w=fspecial('laplacian',0)

w8=[1,1,1;1,-8,1;1,1,1]

I1= imfilter(I,w, 'replicate');

figure(1); imshow(I), title('Original Image');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

figure(2), imshow(I1), title('Laplacian Image');

text(60,20,'李荣桉 1909290239','horiz','center','color','r')

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