SSPC-AB 1J u n e 1, 1991
Ed i t o r i a l Ch a n g e s Se p t e m b e r 1, 2000
131
SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings
ABRASI V E SPE CI F I CA TI ON NO. 1
M ineral and Sl ag Ab rasives
1. Scop e
1.1 T h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n d e f i n e s t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r
s e l e c t i n g a n d e v a l u a t i n g m i n e r a l a n d s l a g a b r a s i v e s u s e d f o r b l a s t c l e a n i n g s t e e l a n d o t h e r s u r f a c e s f o r p a i n t i n g a n d o t h e r p u r p o s e s .
1.2 T h e a b r a s i v e s c o v e r e d b y t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n a r e
p r i m a r i l y i n t e n d e d f o r o n e -t i m e u s e wi t h o u t r e c y c l i n g ; r e -c l a i m e d m a t e r i a l s m u s t a g a i n b e t e s t e d a g a i n s t a n d m e e t t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n . (Se e No t e 7.1.)
2. Descrip tion
2.1 T h e a b r a s i v e s a r e c a t e g o r i z e d i n t o t wo t y p e s , t h r e e
c l a s s e s a n
d f i v
e g r a d e s a s d e s c r i b e d b e l o w. No r m a l l y t h e u s e r s h a l l s p e c i
f y t h e t y p e s , c l a s s e s a n d
g r a d e s r e q u i r e d .I f n o a b r a s i v e t y p e i s s p e c i f i e d , t
h e n e
i t h e r T y p e I o r T y p e I I i s c o n s i d e r e d a c c e p t a b l e . I f n o a b r a s i v e c l a s
s i s s p e c i f i e d ,t h e n a n y c l a s s wi l l b e c o n s i d e r e d a c c e p t a b l e . I f n o a b r a s i v e p r o f i l e g r a d e i s s p e c i f i e d , t h e a b r a s i v e s h a l l s a t i s f y t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f a n y o f t h e f i v e g r a d e s l i s t e d .
2.2 T h e f o l l o wi n g a b r a s i v e t y p e s a r e i n c l u d e d .
Typ e I - Na t u r a l M i n e r a l Ab r a s i v e s
T h e s e a r e n a t u r a l l y o c c u r r i n g m i n e r a l s , i n c l u d i n g , b u t
n o t l i m i t e d t o , q u a r t z s a n d s , f l i n t , g a r n e t , s t a u r o l i t e , a n d o l i v i n e .
Typ e l l - Sl a g Ab r a s i v e s
T h e s e a r e s l a g b y -p r o d u c t s o f c o a l -f i r e d p o we r p r o d u c -t i o n o r o f m e t a l (s u c h a s c o p p e r o r n i c k e l ) s m e l t i n g .
2.3 T h e f o l l o wi n g a b r a s i v e c l a s s e s a r e i n c l u d e d .
Cl ass A - Cr y s t a l l i n e s i l i c a l e s s t h a n o r e q u a l t o 1.0%Cl ass B - Cr y s t a l l i n
e s i l i c a l e s s t h a n o r e q u a l t o 5.0%Cl ass C - Un r e s t r i c t e d c r y s t a l l i n e s i l i c a
T h e d e f i n i t i o n a n d r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r Cl a s s e s A, B a n d C
a r e g i v e n i n Se c t i o n 4.2.
2.4 T h e a b r a s i v e g r a d e s a n d a s s o c i a t e d p r o f i l e r a n g e s
a r e l i s t e d
b e l o w:
•G rad e 1 - Ab r a s i v e s wh i c h p r o d u c e s u r f a c e p r o -f i l e s o f 0.5 t o 1.5 m i l s (13 t o 38 m i c r o m e t e r s ) wh e n t e s t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h Se c t i o n 4.3.
•
G rad e 2 - Ab r a s i v e s wh i c h p r o d u c e s u r f a c e p r o -f i l e s o f 1.0 t o 2.5 m i l s (25 t o 64 m i c r o m e t e r s ) wh e n t e s t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h Se c t i o n 4.3.
•
G rad e 3 - Ab r a s i v e s wh i c h p r o d u c e s u r f a c e p r o -f i l e s o f 2.0 t o 3.5 m i l s (51 t o 89 m i c r o m e t e r s ) wh e n t e s t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h Se c t i o n 4.3.
•G rad e 4 - Ab r a s i v e s wh i c h p r o d u c e s u r f a c e p r o -f i l e s o f 3.0 t o 5.0 m i l s (75 t o 127 m i c r o m e t e r s )wh e n t e s t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h Se c t i o n 4.3
•G rad e 5 - Ab r a s i v e s wh i c h p r o d u c e s u r f a c e p r o -f i l e s o f 4.0 t o 6.0 m i l s (102 t o 152 m i c r o m e t e r s )wh e n t e s t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h Se c t i o n 4.3.
O t h e r p r o f i l e r a n g e s m a y b e d e s i g n a t e d b y t h e p u r -c h a s e r .
3. Reference Stand ard s
3.1 T h e r e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d s l i s t e d i n Se c t i o n s 3.4 a n d
3.5 f o r m a p a r t o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n .
3.2 T h e l a t e s t i s s u e , r e v i s i o n , o r a m e n d m e n t o f t h e
r e f e r e n c e d s t a n d a r d s i n e f f e c t o n t h e d a t e o f i n v i t a t i o n t o b i d s h a l l g o v e r n u n l e s s o t h e r wi s e s t a t e d .
3.3 I f t h e r e i s a c o n f l i c t b e t we e n t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f
a n y o f t h e c i t e d r e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d s a n d t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n ,t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n s h a l l p r e v a i l .
3.4 SSPC SPECI F I CATI O NS:
VI S 1
Vi s u a l St a n d a r d f o r Ab r a s i v e Bl a s t Cl e a n e d St e e l
SP 10
Ne a r -W h i t e Bl a s t Cl e a n i n g
3.5 AM ERI CAN SO CI ETY F O R TESTI NG AND M A-TERI AL S (ASTM ) STANDARDS:
C 128T e s t M e t h o d f o r Sp e c i f i c G r a v i t y a n d Ab -s o r p t i o n o f F i n e Ag g r e
g a t e s
C 136T e s t M e t h o d f o r Si e v e An a l y s i s o f F i n e a n d Co a r s e Ag g r e g a t e s
文丘里混合器
SSPC-AB 1
June 1, 1991
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000
C 566Test Method for Total Moisture Content of
数字电视下载Aggregate by Drying
C 702 Method for Reducing Field Samples of
Aggregate to Testing Size
D 75Method for Sampling Aggregates
D 1125Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity
and Resistivity of Water
D 4417 Test Method for Field Measurement of
Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
D 4940Test Method for Conductimetric Analysis
of Water Soluble Ionic Contaminants of
Blasting Abrasives
E 1132Practice for Health Requirements Relat-
ing to Occupational Ex posure to Q uartz
Dust
4. Req u irem ents
4.1 GENERAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROP-ERTIES:The abrasive shall meet all the requirements of paragraphs 4.1.1 through 4.1.6. These are summarized in Table 1.
4.1.1 Specific Gravity: The specific gravity shall be a minimum of 2.5 as determined by ASTM C 128.
4.1.2 Hardness: The hardness shall be a minimum of 6 on the Mohs scale when tested as follows: Ex amine the material under low-power microscope (10X) and if grains of different colors or character are present, select a few grains of each. Place in succession the grains thus differentiated between two glass microscope slides. While applying pres-sure, slowly move one slide over the other with a reciprocat-ing motion for 10 seconds. Ex amine the glass surface, and if scratched, the material shall be considered as having a minimum hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. If more than 25% of the grains by count fail to scratch the glass surface, the abrasive does not meet this specification.
4.1.3 W eight Change on Ignition: The max imum permissible loss on ignition is 1.0% and the max imum permissible gain is
5.0% when tested as follows: A repre-sentative portion of the sample shall be ground in an agate mortar and thoroughly dried at 220- 230°F (105-110°C) for one hour. Transfer approx imately 1 gram of the dried
sample to a tared crucible with cover and weigh to the nearest milligram. Cautiously heat the crucibl
e with con-tents, at first partially covered, and then at approx imately 1382 ± 90°F (750 ± 50°C) covered. Hold at 1382°F (750°C)
for 30 minutes, then cool in a dessicator and reweigh. The percent of weight change shall be computed as follows:
% weight change = (final wt. - orig. wt.) x 100 orig. wt.
4.1.4 W ater Solu ble Contam inants: The conductivity
of the abrasive shall not ex ceed 1000 microsiemen when tested in accordance with ASTM D 4940. (See Note 7.3.)
4.1.5 Moistu re Content: The max imum moisture con-
tent shall be 0.5% by weight, when tested in accordance with ASTM C 566.
4.1.6 Oil Content: The sample, in water, when tested
in 4.1.4, shall show no presence of oil, either on the surface of the water or as an emulsion in the water, when ex amined visually after standing for 30 minutes.
4.2 CRYSTALLINE SILICA CONTENT: All abrasives
must be classed based on crystalline silica content (see Note 7.4). Abrasives designated as Class A or B must meet the requirements of paragraphs 4.2.1 or 4.2.2 respectively.
4.2.1 Class A - Less Than 1%Crystalline Silica:
Abrasives shall contain no more than 1.0% by weight of crystalline silica when determined in accordance with pro-cedures described in 4.2.4.
4.2.2 Class B - Less than 5% Crystalline Silica:
Abrasives shall contain no more than 5.0% by weight of crystalline silica when determined in accordance with pro-cedures described in 4.2.4.
4.2.3 Class C - Unrestricted Crystalline Silica:No
restrictions on crystalline silica content.
4.2.4 Crystalline Silica: The crystalline silica content
shall be determined by the use of infrared spectroscopy or by other analytical procedures, such as wet chemical or X-ray diffraction analyses.
4.3 SURFACE PROFILE: The average surface profile,
工业数据采集控制when determined in accordance with the description below, shall be within the ranges specified in Section 2.4. A representative sample of the material shall be obtained in accordance with ASTM D 75 and used to abrasive blast a 2-foot by 2-foot by 1/4 inch (61 cm x 61 cm x 4 mm) mild steel plate of SSPC-VIS 1 Rust Grade A to a cleanliness of SSPC-SP 10 (Near-White Blast Cleaning). The blasting shall be done using a 3/8 in (9.5 mm) #6 venturi nozzle with a nozzle pressure of 95 ± 5 psig (670 ± 35 kilopascals) at a
distance of 24 ± 6 inches (61 ± 15 cm) from the surface at an angle of 75 to 105 degrees. The resultant surface profile shall be measured at a minimum of five locations in accor-
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133
dance with Method C of ASTM D 4417 (see Note 7.5). The average measured profile shall be within the ranges given in Section 2.4. Other methods of determining profile may be used if mutually agreeable between the contracting parties.
4.4 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
4.4.1 The abrasive supplier shall designate range(s)
for maximum and minimum retention of each sieve size to meet the profile range(s) specified in Section 2.4 and determined in Section 4.3. The particle size distribution shall be measured in accordance with ASTM C 136 using the following U.S. standard sieves: 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40,50, 70, 100, 140, and 200. Upon request, the supplier shall substantiate that the specified size range will meet the required profile range. (See Note 7.6.)
4.4.2 The designated sieve size distribution and ranges
will become the acceptance standard for the specific abra-sive submitted (see Section 5.4).
4.5 HEALTH AND SAFETY REQ UIREMENTS 4.
5.1 The abrasive material as supplied shall comply
with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations (see Note 7.7).
4.5.2 The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser
with sufficiently detailed chemical analyses to allow the user to provide the protective engineering and administra-tive controls for blast cleaning identified in federal, state,and local codes.
4.5.3 Material Safety Data Sheets shall be furnished
for all abrasive materials supplied.
4.6 OTHER REQ UIREMENTS
4.6.1 In addition to the requirements of Sections 4.1
through 4.5, the specifier may also stipulate performance tests to establish abrasive consumption rate, cleaning rate,and abrasive breakdown. As there are currently no stan-dards for these tests, they are not a part of this specifica-tion. However, upon mutual agreement between supplier and pur
chaser, a performance test procedure can be estab-lished. Appendix A outlines a suggested procedure.
5.Q ualification Testing and Conformance
Testing
5.1 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR TESTING: The procure-ment documents should establish the specific responsibili-ties for qualification testing and conformance testing. Un-less otherwise specified, the supplier is responsible for
performing and documenting the tests and inspections called for in this specification.
5.2 CLASSIFICATION OF TESTING: The tests given
in Section 4 are classified as qualification tests or conform-ance tests, as defined below:
5.2.1 Qualification tests are those tests which are run
to initially qualify a material for this specification. Qualifica-tion tests are also required whenever a si
gnificant change has occurred in the source, method of processing, method of shipping or handling of the abrasives. The qualification tests include all the tests in Sections 4.1 through 4.6.
5.2.2 Conformance tests are those tests which are
performed to verify that the material being submitted has the same properties as the material which initially qualified.
亮晶晶眼贴
Conformance tests shall be conducted on each lot as required by the purchaser. The frequency and lot size for quality conformance testing shall be mutually agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser. The required
conformance tests are particle size distribution (Section 4.4), water soluble contaminants (Section 4.1.4), moisture
content (Section 4.1.5) and oil content (Section 4.1.6).
5.3 METHODS OF SAMPLING
5.3.1 Sampling for Q ualification Tests
5.3.1.1 Bagged Abrasive: Three or more sacks of
abrasive shall be randomly selected from each inspection lot. The sacks shall be mixed and separated and a 50kilogram (kg) (110 lb) composite sample prepared in accor-
dance with ASTM C 702.
5.3.1.2 Bulk Abrasive: A 50 kg (110 lb) composite
sample shall be obtained from the blended finished product in accordance with ASTM D 75. (See Note 7.8.)
5.3.2 Sampling for Conformance Tests
5.3.2.1 Bagged Abrasive: One sack of abrasive shall
be randomly selected from each inspection lot and a 2 kg (4lb) composite sample prepared in accordance with ASTM C 702.
5.3.2 2 Bulk Abrasive. A 2 kg (4 lb) composite sample shall be obtained from the blended finished product in accordance with ASTM D 75.
5.3.3 Other methods of sampling may be used if mutu-ally agreeable between the contracting parties.
营养块
5.4 DOCUMENTATION OF INSPECTION AND TEST-ING: The supplier shall furnish all documentation required
SSPC-AB 1
June 1, 1991
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000
to verify that he has completed the requirements of the qualification tests and conformance tests specified. At a minimum, the documentation shall include the following:
5.4.1 List of tests performed: This list shall include the title of the test, the appropriate standards used, any deviation from standard practice, and the numerical results of the testing.
5.4.2 Testing facilities: The documentation of facili-ties shall include the name and location of the laboratory, the responsible laboratory official, and laboratory certifica-tion or other evidence of qualification.
5.4.3 Date of testing: This shall include the date of original qualification (if applicable) and dates of completion and official approval of testing results.
5.4.4 Affidavit:The procurement documents should establish the responsibility for any required affidavit certify-ing compliance with this specification.
5.5 FREQUENCY OF TESTING AND INSPECTION: All materials supplied under this specification shall be subj ect to timely inspection by the purchaser or his autho-rized representative. The frequency and lot size of inspec-tion shall be established by mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
5.6 APPROVAL: The purchaser shall have the right to rej ect any material supplied which is found to be defective under this specification. In case of dispute, the arbitration or settlement procedure, if any, established in the procure-ment documents shall be followed. If no arbitration proce-dure is established, the procedures specified by the Ameri-can Arbitration Association shall be used.
6. Disclaimer
6.1While every precaution is taken to insure that all information furnished in SSPC specifications is a
s accu-rate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC cannot as-sume responsibility nor incur any obligation resulting from the use of any materials or methods specified therein, or of the specification itself.
7. Notes*
7.1Reclaimed abrasive may not meet the require-ments of this specification because of particle degradation and retained contaminants. To confirm compliance, re-claimed abrasive shall be retested.
7.2 Materials furnished under this specification which
produce the required surface profile under standard test conditions may produce a different surface profile depend-ing upon j ob condition, type of surface, blasting pressure, etc.
7.3 The limitation for abrasive conductivity is based on
pressure immersion testing and accelerated outdoor expo-sure tests performed by SSPC and the National Shipbuild-ing Research Program.
7.4Users of abrasives containing quartz (crystalline
silica) should comply with the requirements of ASTM E 1132.
7.5Methods A and B of ASTM D 4417 or National
Association of Corrosion Engineers RP02-87, “Field Mea-surement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel Using Replica Tape” may also be specified by agree-ment between purchaser and supplier.
7.6SSPC will maintain a list of abrasives and sieve
sizes for which data on profile and other specified tests have been submitted. The data will not be verified by SSPC, but will be furnished upon request to those wishing to use this specification. It is anticipated that at a future date, specific size designations for individual abrasives will be incorporated into this or another SSPC specification.
7.7Disposal of abrasives should be in compliance with
all applicable federal, state, and local regulations. It is noted that the spent abrasive may contain hazardous paint and other foreign matter.
7.8The importance of properly obtaining a sample
cannot be over-emphasized. All subsequent analyses per-formed on the selected sample are likely to be affected by particle size, so it is imperative that every reasonable effort be made to select the sample in a way that will assure proper representation. Therefore, it is important to select the proper sampling location, and to use proper techniques to select the sample.
The following guidelines should be kept in mind when deciding on a sampling method:
7.8.1If possible, sample the material to be tested when
it is in motion, in such places as a conveyor output point or
a chute discharge.
7.8.2The whole of the material stream should be taken
for many short periods of time in preference to part of the material stream being taken for the whole of the time.
*Notes are not requirements of this specification.
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135
Appendix A. Optional Test To Determine Rates of Surface Cleaning by Abrasives and of Abra-sive Consumption*
A.1 TEST PROCEDURE
A.1.1 For testing purposes hot rolled carbon steel
plates or other flat structural steel with surface area of 20 to 80 sq. ft. (1.9 to 7.4 m 2
) shall be abrasive blast cleaned to a SSPC-SP 10 “Near White” condition. Surface profile shall range from 2.0 to 3.0 mils (51 to 76 micrometers) when measured by replica tape (ASTM D-4417, Method C).These panels shall be coated within 4 hours of abrasive blasting, or before surface rusting is visible —whichever occurs first.
A.1.2 The panels prepared in A.1.1 shall be coated with
three coats of epoxy-polyamide paint (total DFT 7-10 mils [178-254 micrometers]) conforming to MIL -DTL -24441 or other standard reference painting system agreed to by the contracting parties. The panels shall be cured for a mini-mum of seven days at a minimum temperature of 70°F (21
°
C). Following curing. the panels shall be marked in such a manner as to form a grid of squares, each being 1 sq. ft.(0.09 m 2
) in area. Each plate shall contain a minimum of 20squares.
A.1.3 Each abrasive type and size selected shall be
tested using a 3/8 inch (9.6 mm) venturi nozzle operated at 95
± 5 psig (655 ± 35 kilopascals) at the nozzle. A 600 lb pot
shall be charges with 500 lbs (227 kg) of abrasive and the test panel blasted to SSPC-SP 10 near-white condition.Each trial shall cover approximately 20 sq. ft. (2 m 2
) of微小件精密加工
surface area. The blast pot shall be disconnected and weighed before and after each blast trial, and the following data recorded: start weight, finish weight, weight of abra-sive used, square footage blasted, and time required to blast.
A.2 ABRASIVE CONSUMPTION RATE: The abrasive
consumption rate shall be determined as the weight of abrasive used divided by the area cleaned, and reported in lbs of abrasive per square foot (kg per m 2
).
A.3 SURFACE CLEANING RATE: The surface clean-ing rate shall be determined as the area cleaned divided by the time required to blast and reported in square feet (square meters) cleaned per hour.
*The Appendix is not a requirement of this specifica-tion.
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