摘要
氢爆碎作为钕铁硼磁性材料生产的重要工艺过程之一，近些年来受到了越来越多的关注。随着钕铁硼产业的迅速发展，传统较为简单的工艺生产过程已经不能满足于市场对产品质量越来越高的要求，如何使得氢爆碎工艺生产周期更短、经济效益更高、生产的钕铁硼产品性能更佳，成为工艺过程中亟待解决的问题，这也对氢爆碎工艺的最优化控制提出了进一步的要求。因此，对氢爆碎工艺的控制系统建立一个准确的模型就显得尤为重要。 由于氢爆碎工艺过程具有非线性、参数时变、耦合等复杂特性，且无法在线检测合金的吸氢过程中的粉碎程度，使得吸氢过程的反应状态不可知，给判断吸氢过程合金状态带来了很大困难，导致氢爆碎工艺过程的优化控制仍然处于探索阶段。由于吸氢过程钕铁硼氢爆碎工艺的关键过程，所以本文重点研究吸氢过程的动态机理模型。论文深入分析了钕铁硼氢爆碎吸氢过程的机理，在一定假设条件下，利用化工生产过程的物料平衡，能量平衡、理想气体方程以及反应动力学等理论，首次采用状态空间方程的建模方法，建立了吸氢过程的动态机理模型。选取富钕相吸氢量、主相吸氢量、炉内温度、压力为状态变量，加热量、充氢量为输入量，结合理论推导计算确定了机理模型结构和参数。论文利用某强磁公司现场数据和研究室的实验炉的实测数据，对建立的机理模型进行了验证，对比分析表明误差均在允许范围内，说明仿真模型能够较好的反映氢爆碎吸氢的实际动态过程。考虑到建立的机理模型最终应用于实际生产中，提出一种钕铁硼氢碎炉计算机控制系统的设计方案，简要介绍了上位机监 控中心和下位机控制系统的概要设计。
关键词：钕铁硼氢爆碎工艺；吸氢过程；机理建模；状态空间
Abstract
As one of the important process of the NdFeB magnetic materials production, Hydrogen Decrepitation has been paid more and more attention in recent years.With the rapid development of NdFeB industry, traditional relatively simple production process has been unable to meet the increasing demands on quality of products in the market. How to make Hydrogen Decrepitation process have shorter production cycle, higher economic efficiency and better performance become a serious problem to be solved. It makes a further request in the Hydrogen Decrepitation process control optimization. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish an accurate model for the Hydrogen Decrepitation process control system.
Due to the hydrogen absorption process in NdFeB Hydrogen Decrepitation has characteristics of nonlinear, time-varying parameters and coupling, and the smash degree of the alloy can not be detected online in the hydrogen absorption process . It brings great difficulties to determine the alloy’s exact state in hydrogen-absorbing process, and therefore the problem of Hydrogen Decrepitat
ion process optimization control is still in the exploratory stage. Since Hydrogen absorption process is the key process of the NdFeB Hydrogen Decrepitation, this study focused on the dynamic mechanism model of the hydrogen absorption process. This paper analyzed the hydrogen absorbing mechanism of NdFeB Decrepitation process in depth. Under certain assumptions, using the mass balance, energy balance, the ideal gas equation and reaction kinetics theory, first proposed a state space modeling method to describe the dynamic mechanism model of hydrogen absorption process.the Nd-rich phase hydrogen absorption capacity, the main phase hydrogen absorption capacity, the furnace temperature and the furnace pressure was selected as the state variables, and the heating amount and filling amount of hydrogen as the input variables. Then listed every state variable’s differential equation, determined the model structure and parameters through theoretical derivation and calculating. After that, in this paper, the measured data from the Yun Shen magnetic company production filed and laboratory were used to test and verify the accuracy of the mechanism model. Comparison of the simulation results show that the model error is within the allowable range, which
indicates that the simulation model can reflect the actual dynamic absorbing hydrogen decrepitation process approximatively .Considering that the established mechanism model will be finally used in th
e actual production, in this study, a NdFeB hydrogen decrepitation furnace computer control system design was put forward，and a brief introduction of PC monitoring center and lower machine control system design was given.
Key words:The NdFeB Hydrogen Decrepitation process；Hydrogen absorption process；Mechanism modeling；State space
目录
摘要 ................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ................................................................................................................................. II 1 绪论 .. (1)
1.1 课题背景及研究意义 (1)
1.2 氢爆碎工艺优化控制的研究现状 (2)
1.3 论文的主要研究内容 (4)
1.4 本章小结 (5)
防爆节能灯2 氢爆碎工艺及机理分析 (6)
2.1 氢爆碎工艺技术 (6)
烟雾处理2.1.1 氢爆碎工艺的反应 (6)
2.1.2 氢爆碎工艺的流程 (7)
2.1.3 氢爆碎工艺的特点 (9)
投票机2.2 吸氢过程的机理分析 (10)
陶瓷刮刀
2.3 吸氢过程的影响因素分析 (11)
2.3.1 表面氧化度的影响 (12)
2.3.2 合金颗粒大小的影响 (12)
2.3.3 温度对吸氢的影响 (13)
2.3.4 压力对吸氢的影响 (14)
2.4 本章小结 (15)
水泥厂脱硝>led点阵书写显示屏3 氢爆碎工艺吸氢过程机理建模 (16)
3.1 过程建模概述 (16)
3.1.1 过程建模方法 (16)
3.1.2 过程机理建模步骤 (17)
3.1.3 过程建模的研究意义 (18)
3.2 吸氢过程建模分析 (18)
3.3 模型的假设 (19)
3.4 吸氢过程机理模型 (20)
3.4.1 控制系统的状态空间描述 (21)
3.4.2 状态方程变量的选取 (23)
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