基于刷卡数据的深圳市地铁客流特征与职住空间视角的分析

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基于刷卡数据的深圳市地铁客流特征与职住空间视角的分析Characteristics of the Subway Passenger’s Flow Based on Metro Card Data and Analysis from the Perspective of Spatial Match of Job-housing in Shenzhen City

文/周维张艳辜智慧 ZHOU Wei ZHANG Yan & GU Zhihui

注塑机联网周维/深圳华侨城创新研究院有限公司，项目中心总监

碳膜电位器张艳/深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院副教授

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辜智慧/（通讯作者）深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院副教授，国土资源部城市土地资源监测与仿真重点实验室

※国家自然科学基金面上资助项目“基于复杂自适应系统理论的城市职住空间与公共交通体系耦合机制研究”

遥控直升机制作（编号：51778366）, 国土资源部城市土地资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金资助课题（KF-2016-02-013）

锌焙砂

中图分类号：TU984

摘要：基于全天的深圳通刷卡记录，总结深圳市地铁客流的特征，并从职住空间的视角分析客流与站点周边土地使用的关系。研究发现：1）中心城区与外围区域的站点在职住开发上存在结构性差异，形成潮汐交通；2）能够有效连接职住空间的轨道交通线路具有更高的运行效率；3）优势区位上城中村的规模化集聚对于站点客流生成具有显著影响；4）居民能忍受的出行时长存在一定的阈值区间，中心城区各组团有各自的通勤腹地范围。研究提出优化职住空间分布、改善地铁出行效率的方向包括：1）跳出站点个体，从线网视角探讨轨道交通与土地使用的空间适配；2）充分考虑地铁站点周边职住空间的可支付性，审慎对待城市更新中的城中村大规模拆除重建；3）在外围区域培育专业化的就业中心，促进近域职住平衡。

干果礼品盒关键词：刷卡数据、地铁客流、职住空间

Abstract: Based on the metro card data in Shenzhen city, the characteristics of subway passenger’s flow are summa-rized, and the relationship between passenger’s flow and land use around the metro station is analyzed from the per-spective of spatial match of job-housing. It is found that: 1) there are differences in the development of job-housing space between the central area and the peripheral area, which causes the tidal traffic. 2) Metro lines that can effec-tively connect the job space and the

housing space have higher operating efficiency. 3) The size of the urban villages with location advantages is positively correlated with the passenger’s flow at the station. 4) The maximum commuting time that people can endure is certain, which leads to the fact that each district in the central city has its own hinter-land of commuting. The research proposes some sugges-tions about how to optimize the distribution of job-housing space and improve the efficiency of commuting by metro including: 1) the spatial match between the rail transit and land use should be considered from a network perspective rather than an individual station one. 2) The large-scale de-molition and reconstruction of the urban village should not be advocated as it diminish the affordability of the residen-tial space around the metro station. 3) It is very necessary to develop the specialized job centers in the peripheral area to promote the balance of job space and housing space in a short distance.

Keywords: metro card data, subway passenger’s flow, job-housing space

城市环境

Urban Environment

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