高考英语一轮复习Unit4地球与宇宙奥秘探索练习含解析新人教版必修

地球与宇宙奥秘探索

一、主题语基拓展练

(一)主题词汇盘查

(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)

①microscope □

③invention

②experiment □

□ ④message □

⑤latitude □ ⑥component □

⑦patent □ ⑧function □

⑨advance □ ⑩contribute □

⑪automatic □ ⑫digital □

⑬portable □ ⑭scientific □

⑮technical □ ⑯telescope □

⑰globe

⑲comet

□ ⑱orbit □

□ ⑳equator □

(二)主题词汇训练

Ⅰ.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思

1．A new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth. 轨道

2．Severe low temperatures vary with latitude and distance from the ocean. 纬度

3．The protection of patent rights has been further strengthened. 专利

4．All the planets orbit the sun in roughly the same plane, round its equator. 赤道

5．It's hoped that the telescope will enable scientists to see deeper into the

universe than ever before. 望远镜

6．The new digital technology would allow a rapid expansion in the number of

TV channels. 数字的

自动的

功能

7．My watch is automatic, so there's no need to wind it.

8．The function of the cells is not known.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．This project involves a lot of complex technical (technology)problems.

2．Seated in the first line are some advanced (advance) workers.

3．She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific (science)

achievements.

4．He is respected by people from all over the world because of the great

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contributions (contribute)．

5．In ancient China we had many advanced inventions (invent)，which led to today's

civilization and development.

6．Now that we are all part of the global (globe)village, everyone should protect

it.

二、主题语篇押题练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

“I'm ready，” said Alyssa Carson，a now 17­year­old astronaut­in­training from

Baton Rouge， her，riding the most aggressive roller coaster in the

park is not a big all goes according to her plans, NASA will send her to

Mars in 2033, making her the first human to step foot on the will spend

two to three years doing something on it, growing food, performing science

experiments, and searching for signs of life.“The Martian is actually very

accurate，” she said.“A lot of the things that happened in the movie are similar

to what is going to happen.” She's devoted her entire life to preparing for this

journey.

Her love for space started when she was 3 years old and watched a cartoon called

The

animal pals go on imaginary adventures in their backyard

including one part, a mission to Mars.“I thought ‘This red planet is so cool’，”

she said.“I started watching videos of rovers landing on Mars.I had a large map

of Mars in my room I would look started getting telescopes so we could look

at space.”

At 7 her father took her to US Space Camp in Huntsville, Alabama.“That was the

weekend of my life，” she said.“I got to learn everything I had been wanting to

know and more ...I got to see a life­size rocket.” She cherished the rocket so much

that she returned 18 the age of 12 she became the first person in history

to attend all three NASA space camps.

At first she mastered the basics of space and how humans have explored it

throughout she got older she simulated (模拟)missions，trying to reach a

destination in gravity­free, weightless zones.

When she was 9, she met NASA astronaut Sandra experienced explorer

told her she was the same age as her when she decided to go to that moment

Alyssa knew her love of space was not a passing hobby.“I did the same thing as other

kids，like switching my mind about careers, wanting to be a teacher or the president

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one day，” she said.“But the way I always thought about it was I would become an

astronaut，go to Mars，come back，and then be a teacher or the president.”

语篇解读：Alyssa Carson从小就梦想能登上火星，多年来她一直在为实现这个梦想而努力准备着。

1．Why is Alyssa Carson great?

A．Because she has created model missions to Mars.

B．Because she is the youngest to have completed astronaut training.

C．Because she is likely to be the first human to perform different tasks on

Mars.

D．Because she has visited the space camp in Huntsville，Alabama for nearly 20

times.

解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“NASA will send her to Mars in

2033 ...searching for signs of life”可推知，Alyssa Carson之所以伟大，是因为她将有可能成为第一个登上火星并在火星上执行多种任务的人。

2．NASA astronaut Sandra Magnus is mentioned in the last paragraph to

stress .

A．the power of space dream

B．the popularity of space travel

C．the importance of career choice

D．the excitement of her going into space

解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The experienced explorer told

her ...was not a passing hobby.”可推知，作者在这里提到Sandra Magnus是为了表明这位宇航员对Alyssa Carson的影响，Alyssa Carson因为这位宇航员的话，更加坚定了自己登上火星的梦想。

3．What is the author's purpose of writing the text?

A．To introduce American space industry.

B．To improve the values of American teens.

C．To encourage tours to Mars.

D．To present a rising American space star.

解析：选D 写作意图题。文章介绍了Alyssa Carson登上火星的梦想的缘由、她为之所做的努力以及对该梦想的看法；此外，根据第一段的内容可知，Alyssa Carson将有可能成为第一个登上火星的人。故D项符合题意。

Ⅱ.完形填空

In my childhood, there were no smart phones or computers. Still, I never felt

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bored. The field, 1 and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.

I can remember once hiking to a nearby 2 and walking slowly around it. At the

back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. It

was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but 3 it

still seemed like a fine adventure.

I 4 on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure someone was 5 in

my ears to ask me to turn around and 6 back home but I was 7 and even a bit

stupid, so I walked on. There was still neither a car nor a house 8 . My legs

were getting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew 9 .

I didn't want to end up 10 on this road in the dark of night, and I was worried

that it would be dark 11 I could make my way back to the lake again.

I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me. My heart was 12

and my legs were aching. When I 13 one last corner and saw a house that I 14 ，

I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. I knew the way home! It was still over

a mile away, but 15 felt like feathers. I 16 into the house with a big smile

just in time for dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a good night's sleep.

I remembered this recently when I saw a 17 that said, “All roads lead

home.” This is true. I also remembered a sage (智者) compared life to a journey.

Are we going to make this life a terrible 18 or are we going to make the life

a joyful one? It 19 our own choice.

All roads no matter how they twist and turn, can 20 us home in our hearts.

May you always walk your path with love! May you always help your fellow travelers

along the way!

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”沿着湖边一条不熟悉的小路散步，不知不觉天已晚，“我”很害怕但还是在晚饭前回到了家。回家的路不止一条，心中有家，总能到回家的路。

1．

C．hills

B．farms

D．villages

解析：选C 根据上句，并结合该句“The field, and woodlands around my

home were the perfect playground.”可知，“我”家周围的田野、山地(hills)、树林都是完美的游乐场，故C项正确。

2．

C．forest

B．farmhouse

D．highway

解析：选A 根据该句中的“and walking slowly around it”，并结合第二段尾句中 4

的“the lake”可以推断，“我”绕着附近的一个湖泊(lake)散步；A项意为“湖泊”，故A项正确。

3．iating

C．introducing

B．refusing

D．exploring

解析：选D 根据上文中的“At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt

road that I had never seen before.”可知，这条古旧的土路“我”从来没有看到过；结合该句内容可知，土路上满是泥泞的轮胎印迹，两边是深林，但探索(exploring)它仍然像是一次美妙的冒险。D项意为“探索”，故D项正确。

4．

C．flew

B．walked

D．rode

解析：选B 根据上文“walking slowly”可以推断“我”一直走(walked)，似乎走了几个小时，故B项正确。下文中的“walked on”亦是提示。

5．ng

C．singing

B．whispering

D．waving

解析：选B 根据该句中的“in my ears”，并结合全句内容可知，“我”确信有人在“我”的耳边低语(whispering)；B项意为“低语”，故B项正确。

6．

C．pace

B．land

D．head

解析：选D 根据该句中的“turn around and”和“back home”可知，有一个人在“我”耳边低语，让“我”转身、回家；head back home意为“回家”，故D项正确。

7．rn

C．sad

B．desperate

D．anxious

解析：选A 根据该句中的“and even a bit stupid, so I walked on”可推知，空处应和形容词“stupid”对应，故A项“固执的”，符合语境。

8． order

C．in sight

B．in comfort

D．in need

解析：选C 根据该句“There was still neither a car nor a house ”，并结合上文的内容可知，“我”沿着一条古旧的土路一直走，仍然看不到一辆车、一间房子；C项意为“看得见，在视野内”，符合语境，故C项正确。

9．ed

C．astonished

B．disappointed

D．scared

解析：选D 根据该句中的“I noticed that the sun was starting to go down”及常识可推知，“我”注意到太阳开始下山了，“我”感到害怕(scared)。

10．d

B．trapped

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C．injured D．worried

解析：选B 根据语境可推知，“我”不想在黑夜里被困(trapped)在这条路上；B项意为“被困的”，故B项正确。

11．

C．when

B．if

D．before

解析：选D 根据语境可知，“我”担心在“我”再次回到湖边之前(before)天会黑下来。

12．g

C．blocking

B．sinking

D．racing

解析：选D 根据空前一句“I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside

of me.”可知，“我”继续前进，心里越来越害怕；据此可以推断，“我”的心急速跳动(racing)着，双腿隐隐作痛；D项意为“急速跳动”，故D项正确。

13．ed

C．checked

B．turned

D．examined

解析：选B 根据该句中的“When I one last corner and saw a house”可知，当“我”转过最后一个拐角时，“我”看到了一幢房子；B项意为“转弯”，故B项正确。

14．

C．recognized

B．overlooked

D．defined

解析：选C 根据该句中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知，“我”上下跳了起来，并笑出了声；据此可以推断，“我”认出(recognized)了一幢房子；C项意为“认出”，故C项正确。

15．

C．head

B．legs

D．hands

解析：选B 根据空前一句“I knew the way home！”可知，“我”知道了回家的路；结合该句“It was still over a mile away, but felt like feathers.”且和该段第二句中的“my legs were aching”呼应可推知，虽然离家还有不止一英里，但“我”感到双腿(legs)轻松起来，故B项正确。

16．

C．dragged

B．stormed

D．jumped

解析：选A 根据上文中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知，看到认识的房子，“我”很兴奋；结合该句中的“with a big smile just in time for

dinner”可推知，“我”蹦蹦跳跳(danced)地进了房子，刚好赶上吃晚饭；A项意为“雀跃，轻快地移动”，故A项正确。

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17．

C．signal

B．signature

D．sign

解析：选D 根据该句“I remembered this recently when I saw a that said,

‘All roads lead home’”可知，“我”看到一个标牌(sign)，上面写着：“回家的路不止一条。”D项意为“标牌”，故D项正确。

18．

C．event

B．trip

D．sight

解析：选B 根据上文中的“a journey”并结合该句内容可推知，我们是要人生之旅(trip)变得糟糕，还是要让它变得快乐？B项意为“旅行”，故B项正确。

19．s on

C．deals with

B．decides on

D．refers to

解析：选A 结合该句“It our own choice”可推知，这取决于(depends on)我们自己的选择。A项意为“取决于”，故A项正确。

20．

C．lead

B．urge

D．transport

解析：选C 根据上文中的“All roads lead home”可知，回家的路不止一条；结合该句语境可知，道路不管多么曲折，都能指引(lead)我们回家。C项意为“引领”，故C项正确。

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