【英语】高考英语阅读理解(人生百味)专题训练答案及解析

【英语】高考英语阅读理解（人生百味）专题训练答案及解析

【英语】高考英语阅读理解(人生百味)专题训练答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类

1．阅读理解

A robot created by Washington State University (WSU)

scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and

other limitations live independently in their own homes.

The Robot Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors

installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents

are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with

daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around

obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions

on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects

like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.

"RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the

activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide

assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected," said

Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of

85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing

meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this

assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of

adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that

technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some

of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it

easier for older adults to live alone.

RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate

into their smart home environment. They recently published a

study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that

demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults

struggling to live independently.

"While we are still in an early stage of development, our

initial results with RAS have been promising," Minor said. "The

next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance with a

group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video

reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot."

（1）How does RAS serve elderly people?

A. Through sensors.

B. Through objects.

C. Through a mobile robot.

D. Through their daily activities.

（2）What can we know about RAS?

A. It is the first robot used in daily life.

B. Its function remains to be tested.

C. It can locate people and do any task.

D. It can cook for owners on its own.

（3）What's Minor's attitude toward the future of RAS?

A. Doubtful.

B. Negative.

C. Optimistic.

D. Uncertain.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.

B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.

C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart.

D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。

（1）考查细节理解。根据章第二段中的“ The Robot Activity

Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a

WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they

are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The next step in the

research will be to test RAS' performance…”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ While we are still in

an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have

been promising”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。再根据最后一段中的“The

next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance ”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years

were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider,

bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town.

But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned

my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity

to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater

purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness

and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life

would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help

them feel less alone.

Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that

the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me

with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to

become an author so I could write books that would help other

teenagers the way those books helped me.

After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I

made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next

steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only

possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have

been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful

for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single

day.

Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small

acts of kindness can change someone's life. You never know what

someone else is going through. But by practicing daily

kindness, you become an architect of positive change.

（1）What was the author's life like when he was 12?

.

ul.

y.

gful.

（2）How did the volunteer work benefit the author?

made him popular in his town.

helped him find the meaning of life.

helped him understand others' lives better.

helped to shape his dream career.

（3）Why did the author choose writing as his job?

was inspired by his teacher.

could pass positive energy to readers.

wanted to share his school experiences.

found he had a talent for writing.

（4）What does the author suggest readers do in the last

paragraph?

'no' to bullies bravely.

positive changes in their lives.

others with kindness in daily life.

to care more about others' feelings.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历，告诉人们：一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“When I was 12 years

old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst

years of my life.”可知，十二岁时，“我”就意识到青少年时期是“我”一生中最糟糕的阶段；以及“I was a total outsider, bullied at

school”，“我”觉得自己是局外人，说明此时的生活是不如意的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“But by starting to do

volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion

for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness in the

face o f so much anger made me feel like my life had a greater

purpose.”可知，但是在我14岁的时候开始做志愿者工作，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。面对如此多的愤怒，我有机会实践仁慈，这让我觉得我的生活有一个更大的目标。因此推断参加志愿活动给“我”提供了表达善意的机会，让“我”感觉到生活有更大的意义。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The kindness they

offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest

dreams was to become an author so I could write books that

would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.”可知，书中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生

活，“我”最大的梦想就是成为一名作家，可以写书去帮助其他的青少年，把善意传递给他们。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Even small acts of

kindnes s can change someone's life. You never know what

someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness,

you become an architect of positive change.”可知，作者在提醒我们注意善意的力量，一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生，平时以善意待人，会让人们成为积极改变的缔造者。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Olympic National Park, with its temperate rainforests and

breath-taking views, exerts a natural pull on many Pacific

Northwestemers. But Seattle writer Rosette Royale found it

repellent. To Royale, the park seemed like a damp, dirty and

unpleasant place. "I couldn't figure out why anyone would want

to carry a 50-pound pack into the wilderness and camp there for

days," he said. "It didn't make sense."

Then he met Bryant Carlin, a vendor (小贩) for Real Change,

the Seattle weekly sold on the street by vendors who are

homeless or low-wage earners. He was also a skilled

outdoorsman and a nature photographer who would take weeks-long photographic journeys to the park. The two men connected

in the fall of 2011 when Royale interviewed Carlin for a feature

story in Real Change about Carlin's photography.

That first time they met—and for years afterward—Carlin

invited Royale to go camping with him. Each time, Royale said

"Thanks, but no thanks." Until one day, in the spring of 2015,

Royale surprised himself by saying yes. "Little did I know," said

Royale, "that saying 'yes' would change the course of my life."

Royale and Carlin went on five separate journeys to the

Olympic wilderness. They camped in spring, summer, fall and

winter. For Royale, the trips were exhausting and terrifying. But

the trips were also inspiring, and helped Royale—a black, strange

man—to develop a relationship with the outdoors that he had

never experienced before.

For Carlin, the trips were an opportunity to throw off the

label of "homeless". In Olympic National Park, sleeping outside

just means you're a camper. But there was one aspect of Carlin's

life in the city that he couldn't escape: alcohol abuse. While he

never brought beer on their camping journeys, the effects of

years of drinking weren't so easy to leave behind.

（1）What does the underlined word "repellent" in

paragraph 1 mean?

ing.

ng.

ing.

ting.

（2）According to Royale, what made his life course

changed?

first meeting with Carlin.

rejection of Carlin's invitation.

camping trips with Carlin.

reading of Carlin's feature story.

（3）What did the trips with Royale mean to Carlin?

improved his photography skills.

helped him feel a sense of belonging.

deepened his relationship with nature.

enabled him to get rid of alcohol addiction.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章主要讲了罗亚尔和卡林的奥林匹克国家公园露营之旅对各自产生的意义。

（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段To Royale, the park seemed like

a damp, dirty and unpleasant place.对罗亚尔来说，公园似乎是一个潮湿、肮脏和令人不快的地方。由此可知，But Seattle writer

Rosette Royale found it repellent.的意思是但西雅图作家罗亚尔却发现它是令人厌恶的。A. Appealing. 吸引人的；B. Puzzling. 令人迷惑的；C. Rewarding. 有益的；D. Disgusting. 令人厌恶的。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段“Little did I know,” said Royale,

“that saying 'yes' would change the course of my life.”（“我不知道，”罗亚尔说，“说‘是’会改变我的人生轨迹。”）可知，罗亚尔认为，是他和卡林的露营之旅改变了他的人生轨迹。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段For Carlin, the trips were an

opportunity to throw off the label of “homeless". 对卡林来说，这些旅行是一个摆脱“无家可归”标签的机会。推断出，与罗亚尔的旅行对卡林意味着它们帮助他感到一种归属感。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及词义猜测题，细节理解题和推理判

断题。词义猜测题应根据上下文以及文章所表达的感情彩推测划线词的含义；细节理解题要注意从文章中寻答案；推理判断题要仔细阅读上下文，推测出所需信息。

4．阅读理解

A hospital has been forced to ban Pokemon Go players from

the site after a monster hub(妖怪枢纽站) was found in the A&E

department. Royal Stoke University Hospital discovered that its

casualty unit(急诊室) is on the same spot as a Pokemon Go 'gym'

—— where players can train their newly caught Nintendo

creatures.

The University Hospitals of North Midlands Trust agreed last

week that patients can play Pokemon Go on wards because

walking around is healthy. But the Trust has been forced to post

a warning on its website about public access to A&E. It said if

Pokemon Go becomes a major annoyance it would ask

Nintendo——which decides on the locations of the virtual gyms

according to GPS——to have it removed from the premises(道馆).

Kevin Parker, associate chief nurse, said, "Members of the

public who do not need to be at Royal Stoke should not attempt

to enter A&E or any other part of the hospital building to play

the game. The A&E department is incredibly busy this summer.

We want the public to understand that anybody who visits the

hospital solely to play the game will provide an unwanted

distraction

to the important work of the hospital. I'm also aware of

various reports in the media of unsafe areas that the game has

been played in."

“Royal Stoke University Hospital is a safe area where gamers

can enjoy Pokemon Go." Michelle Harris, the Trust's manager,

said the game could still be played by those already in hospital.

"We recognize that the Pokemon Go game encourages walking

and exercise, which is something that the Trust is equally keen to

promote," she said.

There are a number of "walking routes" established

throughout the Trust that can be used to combine walking and

playing the game. "Walking just 30 minutes, five times a week,

can help reduce the risk of preventable illnesses such as obesity,

diabetes, and heart disease."

There have been several warnings about the game since its

UK release. Last week a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left

stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away

searching for Pokemon Go characters. The four boys, aged 16

and 17, ended up getting lost and had to wait to get a phone

signal before they could call for help. Eventually, they contacted

Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue team, who took them to

safety. Damien Bence, of the fire and rescue team, said: "Pokemon

Go is obviously leading people into dangerous situations."（1）It seems that Pokemon Go is a game______.

A. designed to help patients in hospital recover sooner

B. helping cure such diseases as obesity, diabetes and heart

disease

C. encouraging players to walk and exercise instead of

staying indoors

D. warning teenagers of the places easy to get lost or

attacked

（2）The A&E department is incredibly busy because________.

A. more patients' arrival increases the workload of the A&E

department

B. doctors' playing the game makes the A&E department less

efficient

C. players' injury increases the workload of the A&E

department

D. players' arrival disturbs the work of the A&E department

（3）The underlined word in the last paragraph probably

means_______.

A. hurt

B. disturbed

C. trapped

D. threatened

（4）The passage is mainly about________.

A. the negative effects of Pokemon Go since its UK release

B. the applications of Pokemon Go in hospitals since its UK

release

C. the popularity of Pokemon Go since its UK release

D. the establishment of Pokemon Go virtual gyms since its

UK release

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，介绍了“口袋妖怪”游戏自英国发行以来的负面影响。

（1）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“We recognize that

the Pokemo n Go game encourages walking and exercise, which

is something that the Trust is equally keen to promote,”可知“口袋妖怪”是一款鼓励玩家步行和锻炼，而不是呆在室内的游戏，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Kevin Parker, associate

chief nurse, said, ’Members of the public who do not need to

be at Royal Stoke should not attempt to enter A&E or any other

part of the hospital building to play ‘”护士长凯文·帕克说道：“身体健康的普通民众不应该来医院的急诊室或者其他科室玩‘口袋妖怪'游戏，今年夏天急诊部非常忙碌。由此推断出，急诊部非常地忙碌是因为玩家的到来扰乱了急诊部的工作，故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“The four boys, aged

16 and 17, ended up getting lost and had to wait to get a phone

signal before they could call for help.”这四名年龄十六七岁的男生因为玩游戏迷了路，只能干等手机信号才可以打电话求救。由此推断出，“Last week a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left

stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away

searchi ng for Pokemon Go characters.”的意思是上周，威尔特郡的一青少年忘乎所以地寻“口袋妖怪”游戏精灵以至于被困在地下近100英尺的地方。stranded的意思是被困，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。最后一段中的“There have been several

warnings about the game since its UK release.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了“口袋妖怪”自英国发行以来的负面影响，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Did you know that Albert Einstein could not speak until he

was four years old, and could not read until he was seven? His

parents and teachers worried about his mental ability.

Beethoven's music teacher said about him, "As a composer

(作曲家) he is hopeless." What if this young boy had believed it?

When Thomas Edison was a young boy, his teachers said he

was so stupid that he could never learn anything. He once said,

"I remember I used to never be able to get along at school. I was

always at the foot of my class ... My father thought I was stupid,

and I almost decided that I was a stupid person." What if young

Thomas had believed what they said about him?

When the sculptor (雕刻家) Auguste Rodin was young, he had

difficulty learning to read and write. Today, we may say he had a

learning disability. His father said of him, "I have an idiot (白痴)

for a son." His uncle agreed. "He's uneducable," he said. What if

Rodin had doubted his ability?

Walt Disney was once fired by a newspaper editor because

he was thought to have no "good ideas". Enrico Caruso was told

by one music teacher, "You can't sing. You have no voice at all."

And an editor told Louisa May Alcott that she was unable to write

anything that would have popular appeal.

What if these people had listened and become discouraged?

Where would our world be without the music of Beethoven, the

art of Rodin or the ideas of Albert Einstein and Walt Disney? As

Oscar Levant once said, "It's not what you are but what you don't

become that hurts."

You have great potential. When you believe in all you can be,

rather than all you cannot become, you will find your place on

earth.

（1）How many successful people are mentioned as

examples in the passage?

A. Six

B. Seven

C. Eight

D. Nine.

（2）Which of the following statements is RIGHT?

A. When he was young, Thomas Edison always got good

grades at school.

B. Levant thought Louisa May Alcott couldn't write any

popular works.

C. Only Auguste Rodin's uncle regarded him a boy of learning

ability.

D. Both Enrico Caruso and Beethoven achieved their dreams

in music.

（3）What's the meaning of the underlined sentence "He's

uneducable"?

A. He can't be taught.

B. He is very clever.

C. He is different.

D. He is a late success.（4）What is the best title for the

passage?

A. Working Hard for Success

B. Having Dreams

C. Believing in Yourself

D. Self-challenging

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事，他们都曾得到别人较低的评价，但最终成功实现了自己的梦想；“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。

（1）考查细节理解。第一段列举了爱因斯坦的故事，第二段讲述了贝多芬的故事，第三段提到了爱迪生的故事，第四段讲述了奥古斯特·罗丹的故事，第五段提到了沃特·迪士尼、恩里科·卡鲁索、路易莎·梅·阿尔科特的故事，共列举了七个著名人物，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“Beethoven's music

teacher said about him, ‘As a composer (作曲家) he is

hopeless.’”；第五段中的“Enrico Caruso was told by one music

teacher,‘You can't sing. You have no voice at all.’”及第六段中的“Where would our world be without the music of Beethoven,

the art of Rodin or the ideas of Albert Einstein and Walt Disney? ”可推知，贝多芬和恩里科·卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想，故选D。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价"I have an idiot (白痴) for a son." "His uncle agreed."可知，他们都认为他是白痴；据此可以推断，该句意为“他是教不会的”，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文前五段列举了七个名人，他们的共同点是都曾得到别人较低的评价，后来却成功实现了自己的梦想；本文的最后一句为本文的主题句，据此可以判断，C项“相信自己”最适合做本文标题，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely

brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out

to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she

heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her

Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she

watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the

railway tracks. Ceely's near miss made the news because she

blamed it on her GPS device. She had never driver the route

before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her

GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete

trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding

train," she told the BBC.

Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely's story

in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the

limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he

says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They

are filled with small problems. And it's not just GPS devices:

Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving

everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.

The problem with his argument in the book is that it's not

clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may

be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have

left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely

for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at

fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied

the relative dangers and worked out that there really is

something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But

Stevenson doesn't say.

It's a problem that runs through the book. In a section on

cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that

criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars.

He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show

a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again

not all new locks have proved reliable, Perhaps, but maybe it's

also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or

changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these

factors.

The game between humans and their smart devices is

amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology

and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces

there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.

If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an

awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we

have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably

been fooling us for just a. s long.

（1）What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her

accident?

A. She was not familiar with the road.

B. It was dark and raining heavily then.

C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.

D. Her GPS device didn't tell her about the crossing.

（2）The phrase "near miss" (Paragraph 2) can best be

replaced by ________.

A. close hit

B. heavy loss

C. narrow escape

D. big mistake

（3）Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most

probably agree with?

A. Modern technology is what we can't live without.

B. Digtal technology often falls short of our expectation.

C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.

D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceely's accident.

（4）In the writer's opinion, Stevenson's argument is ________.

A. one-sided

B. reasonable

C. puzzling

D. well-based

（5）What is the real concern of the writer of this article?

A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.

B. The human unawareness of technical problems.

C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.

D. The relationship between humans and technology.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了一起交通事故，司机没有看到火车路口导致了一起事故，司机却将责任归咎到自己的导航仪没有路口提示上。引发作者对于人与科技的关系上的深思。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Ceely's near miss made

the news because she blamed it on he GPS(导航仪)." 可知Ceely认为事故发生的原因是GPS没有指出那个路口。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段可知Ceely的车被卡在铁路上并且被火车撞飞了，而她自己则死里逃生，文章用"near miss"来形容这个事故，由此可推断narrow escape 最符合文意，即Ceely很惊险地逃生了，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"We put our faith in

digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not

up to the job." 可知Stevenson认为是科技设备应该被指责，即它们不能满足人们的需要，故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "The problem with his

argument in the book is that it's not clear why he only focuses on

digital technology, while there may be a number of other

possible causes." 可知作者认为Stevenson只关注到了片面的，故选A。

（5）考查主旨大意。根据倒数第二段中的"The game between

humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex." 可知作者在讨论完Ceely这起事故后，在最后两段将讨论延伸到了人与科

技的关系上，因此作者实际关心的内容是人与科技的关系，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

When I was a boy there were no smart phones. Computers

were something you saw on STAR TREK(星际航行), and our

television only got one channel clearly. Still, I was never bored.

The fields, hills, and woodlands around my house were the nature

ready-made playgrounds.

I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake and slowly

walking around it. At the backside of it I was amazed to find an

old, one-lane, dirt road that I had never seen before. I

immediately set out to travel it. It was full of holes and muddy

tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides,

but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.

I walked on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure

my guardian angel was whispering in my ear to turn around and

head back home but I was stubborn and even a bit stupid, so I

walked on.

The dirt road give way to a rock one and then a paved one,

yet there was still neither a car nor a house in sight. My legs were

getting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and

I grew scared. I didn't want to end up trapped on this road in the

dark of night, but I was sure it would be dark before I could make

my way back to the lake again.

I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve(弯曲处) and

saw something in the distance. It was a house that I recognized.

My heart leapt up! I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.

I knew the way home! It was still over a mile away but my

legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time.

I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner.

I remembered this recently when I saw a sign that said, “All

roads lead Home.” This is true. In this life all roads no matter

what their twists(弯曲) and turns are can lead us home again.

They can lead us to our homes here on Earth. They can lead us

to our homes in our heart, if we can insist.

（1）Why was the author never bored when he was a boy?

e there was still a TV.

e he liked hiking alone.

e there were so many playgrounds built for him.

e he had so many places around his house to play.

（2）What made the author decide to take the old road?

it before.

it was a muddy road.

a new and special experience.

it had deep woods on both sides.

（3）How did the author feel when he saw a known house

in the distance?

d.

ened.

d.

ate.

（4）Why did the author mention the sign?

share a famous saying with readers.

introduce what he wanted to say.

explain the function of the sign.

prove the significance of the sign.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过自己的亲身经历，说明了所有的

路，最终都是回家的路。

（1）细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Still, I was never bored.

The fields, hills, and woodlands around my house were the nature

ready-made playgrounds.可知作者小时候从不觉得无聊是因为他的房子周围有很多地方可以玩，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。答案定位在第二段It was full of holes and

muddy tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but

exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.（它到处都是洞和泥泞的小路，两边都是茂密的树林，但探索它仍然像是一场美妙的冒险。）由此可见尝试一种新的和特殊的体验使作者决定走这条老路，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段It was a house that I

recognized. My heart leapt up!

I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.（那是一所我认得的房子。我的心跳了起来!我跳上跳下，放声大笑。）由此推断出作者看到远处有一所熟悉的房子时感觉非常激动，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。最后一段I remembered this recently when

I saw a sign that said, “All roads lead Home.” This is true. In this

life all roads no matter what their twists(弯曲) and turns are can

lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes here on Earth.

They can lead us to our homes in our heart, if we can insist.（我记得最近见过的一则标语是这样说的：“所有的路都是回家的路。”此言不虚，这辈子所有的路不管怎样迂回曲折，最终都会引导着我们回家，有的是回到这里，回到我们物质层面的家，有的是回到我们心灵的家园。）由此推断出作者提到这则标语是为了介绍他想说的话，

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，阅读时在首段可以确定文章的主题句，答题时通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析相关信息，从而确定与题干相符的选项。

8．阅读理解

I had an experience some years ago, which taught me

something about the ways in which people make a bad situation

worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two

funerals for two elderly women in my community. Both had died

"full of years", as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to

be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁) calls on the two

families on the same afternoon.

At the first home, the son of the deceased(过世的)woman

said to me, "If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten

her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It's my

fault that she died." At the second home, the son of the other

deceased woman said, "If only I hadn't insisted on my mother's

going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride,

the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It's

my fault that she's dead."

You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel

guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad,

they believe that the opposite course—keeping Mother at home,

putting off the operation—would have turned out better. After

all, how could it have turned out any worse?

There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness

to feel guilty. The first is our need to believe that the world makes

sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for

everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and

connections both where they really exist and where they exist

only in our minds.

The second element is the view that we are the cause of what

happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a

short step from believing that every event has a cause to

believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling

may lie in our childhood.

A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs,

and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the

morning and summons the rest of the world to his tasks. He cries,

and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people

feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we

do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes

cause things to happen.

（1）What is said about the two deceased elderly women?

lived out a natural life.

died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.

weren't used to the change in weather.

died due to lack of care by family members.

（2）The author had to conduct the two women's funerals

probably because .

wanted to comfort the two families

was an official from the community

had great pity for the deceased

was minister of the local church

（3）People feel guilty for the death of their loved ones

because .

found the funerals unsatisfactory

believed that they were responsible

had ignored the natural course of events

didn't know things often turn in the opposite direction

（4）People have been made to believe since babyhood that .

ody should try to meet others' needs

and death is an unsolved mystery

story should have a happy ending

wishes are the cause of everything that happens

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过两个已故夫人的儿子自责的话语，引出并分析了人们产生负罪感的两个因素。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Both had died‘full of

years’, as the Bible would say.”正如《圣经》所说，两人都已“老死”。可知，这两个老妇人是正常、自然死亡的。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“as the Bible would say”正如《圣经》所说；以及“One January, I had to hold two funerals for two

elderly women in my community.”一月的一天，我要为我们社区的两位老妇人举行两场葬礼。可知，作者信仰《圣经》并主持葬礼，由此

推出作者的身份应为牧师。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Because the course of

action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite

course—keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation—would have turned out better.”因为他们采取的行动结果是糟糕的，他们认为相反的做法——让母亲呆在家里，推迟手术——结果会更好。可知，他们认为如果自己选择相反的做法，母亲就不回去世了，认为自己有责任。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“A baby comes to

think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes

everything happen in it.”一个婴儿开始认为世界的存在是为了满足他的需要，他让一切都发生在世界上。可知，人们从婴儿时期就意识到是他们的愿望是世界上一切发生的原因。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

When I was about halfway between twenty and thirty, I lived

in a large, run-down house that other people thought was

romantic. The door to my bedroom was at least twelve feet tall.

So I fixed a coatrack(衣帽架) over the top, and whenever I needed

to get a jacket, or a towel, I stood on my desk chair to get them,

swinging uncertainly.

There were six of us in the house. We were all about the same

age. Two boys lived on the top ?oor and t hree lived in the

basement. As the only girl, I was aware of being surrounded by

shirtless boys, which is embarrassing especially in summer.

One hot afternoon, I wrote a long e-mail to my high-school

English teacher, because I remembered him as handsome in a

remote way. He wore expensive clothes and took an understated

pleasure in saying inspiring things. I calculated that the English

teacher was about forty, and then I pressed Send. The e-mail

covered a lot of ground. I summarized what I called "my college

experience". Toward the end of the e-mail, I found myself saying

that I couldn't understand why I still needed to struggle in my

college life.

When the English teacher wrote back, I was unexpected. In

his response to my e-mail, he mentioned some stories about

those who dropped out of school and their lives were hard for

me to imagine.

With tears in my eyes, I decided to keep on trying even if I

was not in a famous university. I believe as long as I am

determined enough, I can make my life better in the future.

（1）According to the passage, what does the writer think of

her living environment?

enient.

ic.

.

.

（2）What can we infer from the passage?

children were of complete different age.

teacher has a positive influence on her.

are some boys and girls sharing the room together.

author wrote an email to her English teacher as he was

handsome.

（3）Which of the following words can best describe the

author's teacher?

us and handsome.

s and knowledgeable.

ng and respected

and courageous

（4）What does the author want to share in the article?

/doc/ munication is the key to success.

we are trapped in difficulty, we can ask others for

help.

are supposed to be admitted to a famous university.

long as we have determination, we can make it one day.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己上大学期间感到迷茫，给老师发邮件，经老师的点拨指导决定下定决心，努力前行的故事。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“As t he only girl, I was

aware of being surrounded by shirtless boys, which is

embarrassing especially in summer.”可知作者跟其他的5个同龄男孩租住在同一个房子里，所以很尴尬，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“With tears in my eyes, I

decided to keep on trying even if I was not in a famous university.

I believe as long as I am determined enough, I can make my life

better in the future.”可知作者读了老师的回信以后决定继续努力，所以可以推测老师对作者有积极的影响，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“In his response to

my e-mail, he mentioned some stories about those who dropped

out of school and their liv es were hard for me to imagine.”可知老师关心作者，给作者讲了很多故事，从而鼓励作者要有决心，继续努力，故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“With tears in

my eyes, I decided to keep on trying even if I was not in a famous

university. I believe as long as I am determined enough, I can

make my life better in the future.”可知作者通过这篇文章想要告诉我们即使目前的处境不好，只要有决心并且努力，就一定能成功，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Swimming in the water of Hawaii's Big Island is a fun

experience. But it can be more exciting if there are dolphins

swimming around and jumping out of the sea too. For many

people, it would be a wonderful dream to swim with these lovely

animals! However, this may not be good for dolphins. They may

get hurt because of human interaction (互动).

Dolphins are active and usually look for food at night. In the

day, they like to rest in shallow

bays(浅湾). Many people think the dolphins are awake during

the day as they swim. But when they sleep they rest half of their

brain and keep the other half awake to breathe, so they may be

sleeping even when they're swimming in the water.

From 2010 to 2013, spinner dolphins (飞旋海豚) of Hawaii's

Big Island were exposed to human activities more than 82

percent of the time, according to Julian Tyne, a researcher at

Australia's Murdoch University.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(NOAA) says disturbing the animals in their near-shore habitat

could force them to swim to less favorable places, putting them

at risk of attack by sharks and other animals.

Besides, when people are around, dolphins become more

active. Thus, they can't get enough sleep. “Disturbing their

resting behaviors can actually affect their long term health and

the health of the dolphin population," Ann Garrett of NOAA's

National Marine Fisheries Service told the Associated Press.

As a result, the NOAA wants to make rules to help protect

the dolphins. For example, the agency (机构) may ban swimming

with the Hawaii spinner dolphins. Or they may stop people from

swimming in shallow bays when the dolphins are resting. Tour

operators must also be taught to watch for signs to know when

the dolphins are in their resting state.

（1）Which of the following about dolphins is NOT true?

spend most of their time sleeping at night.

like to stay in shallow bays during the day.

keep half of their brain awake while sleeping.

may be sleeping even when they're swimming.

（2）When dolphins are disturbed in their near-shore habitat,

they _____.

swim to a crowded place

move closer to sharks

become less active

likely sleep longer

（3）Which activity is against the rules?

ng with the Hawaii spinner dolphins.

ng in bays where the dolphins live.

signs that show the dolphins' resting state.

signs that show where the dolphins are.

（4）What does the article mainly talk about?

habits dolphins have.

spinner dolphins are.

the animals live in the sea.

to protect dolphins near the shore.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海豚的生活习性，以及与人类的相处，建议人们保护海豚。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Dolphins are active and

usually look for food at night.”海豚夜晚活跃并猎食，可知海豚晚上大多数时间睡觉，描述错误，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“disturbing the animals

in their near-shore habitat could force them to swim to less

favorable places, putting them at risk of attack by sharks and

other animals.” 可知，妨碍动物在近岸栖息可能迫使他们游向不愉快的地方，它们可能会遭受鲨鱼和其它动物的袭击，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“the agency (机构)

may ban swimming with the Hawaii spinner dolphins”可知在此地游泳会打扰到海豚。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文前部分介绍了海豚，后文主要是号召人们保护海豚，以及如何保护的问题，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案