What Is Poverty何为贫穷

What Is Poverty?何为贫穷

作者：邓梦寒

来源：《英语世界》2019年第05期

Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food， clothing and

shelter. However， poverty is more， much more than just not having enough money.

The World Bank Organization describes poverty in this way：

“Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a

doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a

job， is fear for the future， living one day at a time.

Poverty has many faces， changing from place to place and across time， and has been

described in many ways. Most often， poverty is a situation people want to escape. So poverty is a

call to action—for the poor and the wealthy alike—a call to change the world so that many more may

have enough to eat， adequate shelter， access to education and health， protection from violence，

and a voice in what happens in their communities.”

In addition to a lack of money， poverty is about not being able to participate in recreational

activities; not being able to send children on a day trip with their schoolmates or to a birthday party;

not being able to pay for medications for an illness. These are all costs of being poor. Those people

who are barely able to pay for food and shelter simply can’t consider these other expenses. When

people are excluded within a society， when they are not well educated and when they have a higher

incidence of illness， there are negative consequences for society. We all pay the price for poverty.

The increased cost on the health system， the justice system and other systems that provide supports

to those living in poverty has an impact on our economy.

While much progress has been made in measuring and analyzing poverty， the World Bank

Organization is doing more work to identify indicators for the other dimensions of poverty. This work

includes identifying social indicators to track education， health， access to services，

vulnerability， and social exclusion.

There is no one cause of poverty， and the results of it are different in every case. Poverty varies

considerably depending on the situation. Feeling poor in Canada is different from living in poverty in

Russia or Zimbabwe. The differences between rich and poor within the borders of a country can also

be great.

Despite the many definitions， one thing is certain; poverty is a complex societal issue. No

matter how poverty is defined， it can be agreed that it is an issue that requires everyone’s attention.