英语词汇学自考题-6_真题-无答案

英语词汇学自考题-6

(总分100,考试时间90分钟)

Ⅰ.

Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that **pletes

the statement and put the letter in the bracket.

1. Lexicology inquires into the ______ and meanings of words.A. relations B.

disciplines C. origins D. development

2. The reason for that more and more differences occur between sound and form is that the

English alphabet was adopted from the ______.A. Pacifics B. Germanics C.

Celtics D. Romans

3. ______ are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to

specialized or limited use.A. Neologisms B. Archaisms C.

Jargons D. Terminologies

4. It is assumed that the world has approximately 3000 (some put it 5000) languages, which can be

grouped into roughly ______ language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word

stock and grammar.A. 500 B. 4000 C. 300 D. 2000

5. The introduction of ______ at the end of the 6th century had a great impact on the English

vocabulary.A. printing B. Christianity C. French words D. all the

above

6. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of French words into English. ______ of them

are still in use today.A. Eighty-five percent B. Fifty-six percent C. Seventy-two

percent D. Seventy-five percent

7. ______ means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need.A.

Creation B. Semantic change C. Borrowing D. Derivation

8. Chiefly found in derived words, bound morphemes include ______.A. bound

roots B. inflectional affixes C. derivational affixes D. all the above

9. Of the following word-formation processes, ______ is the most productive.A.

clipping B. blending C. initialism D. derivation

10. Which of the following prefixes can not be used to indicate time and order?______A.

Ex-. B. Fore-. C. Post-. D. Para-.

11. The differences **pounds and free phrases show in ______ aspects.A. phonetic

features B. semantic features C. grammatical features D. all the above

12. Which of the following words is not formed through clipping?______A.

Dorm. B. Motel. C. Gent. D. Zoo.

13. Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of ______.A.

prefixation B. suffixation C. acronymy D. conversion

14. Unlike reference, "sense" denotes the relationships ______ the language.A.

inside B. outside C. between D. out of

15. ______ refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates the following

relationships such as word-class, tense meaning, etc.A. Lexical meaning B. Conceptual

meaning C. Grammatical meanings D. Associative meaning

16. Normally, we classify styles into ______.A. general, neutral, informal B. formal, neutral,

informal C. frozen, casual, intimate D. poetic, colloquial, slang

17. In diachronic approach, other meanings apart from the primary meaning of a word were

acquired by ______.A. extension B. narrowing C. analogy D.

all the above

18. The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is whether ______.A. **e

from the same source B. they are correlated with one central meaning C. they are listed under

one headword in a dictionary D. all the above

19. The way to define an antonym is based on ______.A. contradiction B.

contrariness C. oppositeness D. relativeness

20. The meaning of picture changed by the mode of ______.A. extension B.

narrowing C. degradation D. elevation

21. The meaning of "fond" changed from "foolish" to "affectionate" by mode of ______.A.

extension B. narrowing C. elevation D. degradation

22. Extra-linguistic factors of word-meaning change include ______.A. historical

reason B. psychological reason C. class reason D. all the above

23. Extra-linguistic context excludes ______.A. people B. time C.

place D. clauses

24. ______ may prove extremely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words.A.

Grammar B. Context C. Pronunciation D. Ambiguity

25. Which is not true of idioms?______A. They are grammatically analyzable. B. Their word

order can not be inverted. C. An idiom is a semantic unity. D. The structure of an idiom is

usually unchangeable.

26. ______ are mainly proverbs and sayings.A. Idioms nominal in nature B. Idioms verbal in

nature C. Idioms adverbial in nature D. Sentence idioms

27. Idioms manifest apparent rhetorical colouring which doesn't include ______.A. phonetic

manipulation B. lexical manipulation C. stylistic manipulation D. figures of speech

28. The changes in constituents of idioms exclude ______.A. replacement B.

addition or deletion C. repletion D. dismembering

29. The best-known unabridged dictionary is ______.A. Webster's Third New International

Dictionary B. The Word Book Dictionary C. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology D.

The Encyclopedia Britannica

30. American dictionaries contain more ______ information in the main body than the British.A.

grammatical B. encyclopedic C. structural D. lexical

Ⅱ.

Complete the following statements with words or expressions according to the course book.

1. From a ______ point of view, words can be studied at a point in time, disregarding whatever

changes might be taking place.

2. As the invading tribes took over and settled in Britain, the Celtic languages gradually ______.

3. Most morpheme are realized by single morphs like bird, tree, green, sad, want, etc. Words of

this kind are called ______ words.

4. The open ______ are the same in form as free phrases.

5. A word is the ______ of form and meaning.

6. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its ______.

7. The vocabulary of a language is in constant change: old items drop out, new **e in, and as the

new replace the old, so the internal ______ of the whole set alter.

8. Observation shows that it is much **mon for word meanings to change in ______ from neutral

to pejorative than it is for them to go the other way.

9. The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in ______ relationship between the literal meaning of

each word and the meaning of the idiom.

10. Dictionaries are closely related to ______, which explains why we make a general survey of

English dictionaries in this course.

Ⅲ.

Define the following terms.

1. terminology

2. free morphemes

3. acronyms

4. homonymy

5. grammatical context

Ⅳ.

Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in

the space given below.

1. Words of the basic word stock denote the **mon things and phenomena of the world around us.

Illustrate with examples the respects the words relating to.

2. How do you **pounds from free phrases? Give examples to support your point.

3. Use examples to illustrate the similarity and difference between absolute synonyms and relative

synonyms.

4. Why is context very important for the understanding of word-meaning?

Ⅴ.

Analyze **ment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.

1. He has been sick since this fall. Tell what "sick" and "fall" mean respectively and explain why

they take on those meanings in modern American English.

2. Explain the rhetoric use of homonyms in B's speech. Give the two possible Chinese

translations: A: "What colour would you paint the sun and the wind?" B: "The sun rose and

wind blue. "