against的用法和固定搭配

against的用法和固定搭配

1. 表示反对或对抗：against可以表示反对或对抗人或事物，常用于介词短语against + 名词。例如：

- They are protesting against the new government policies.

(他们正在抗议新的政府政策。)

- The team will be playing against a strong opponent

tomorrow. (明天球队将对阵一支强大的对手。)

2. 表示碰撞或摩擦：against可以表示物体之间的碰撞或摩擦，常用于介词短语against + 名词。例如：

- Be careful not to lean your bike against the wall. (小心不要把自行车靠在墙上。)

- The car skidded and crashed against the tree. (汽车打滑撞上了树。)

- She accidentally bumped her head against the door. (她不小心撞到了头。)

3. 表示方法或工具：against可以表示使用其中一种方法或工具，常用于介词短语against + 名词。例如：

- I have nothing against using technology, but we need to be

cautious. (我对使用技术没有意见，但我们需要小心。)

- The artist experimented with painting against the grain.

(艺术家试验了逆着纹理画画的方法。)

4. 表示比较或对照：against可以用于表示比较或对照，常用于介词短语against + 名词。例如：

- He looks small against his tall brother. (和他高个子的兄弟比起来，他显得很矮。)

- The restaurant's prices seem expensive against the quality

of the food. (与食物的质量相比，这家餐厅的价格看起来很贵。)

5. 表示支持或靠着：against可以表示支持或靠在物上，常用于介词短语against + 名词。例如：

- She leaned against the wall. (她靠在墙上。)

- They supported each other against the strong winds. (他们相互支持对抗强风。)

6. 对付或反击：against可以表示对付或反击，常用于动词短语fight against, defend against等。例如：

- We need to fight against poverty and inequality. (我们需要与贫困和不平等作斗争。)

- The army defended against the enemy's attack. (军队抵抗了敌人的进攻。)

- She stood her ground and defended herself against her

accusers. (她坚守阵地，对抗指责她的人。)

除了以上用法，against还常与一些固定短语搭配使用，例如：

- be up against：面临困境或挑战

- We are up against a tight deadline. (我们面临着严格的截止日期。)

- The team is up against a formidable opponent in the final

match. (在决赛中，队伍面对着一支强大的对手。)

- go against：违背、背离

- It goes against my principles to cheat. (欺骗违背了我的原则。)

- weigh against：权衡、考虑

- She weighed the pros and cons against each other before

making her decision. (她在做出决定之前对利弊进行了权衡。)

- count against：不利于、对...不利

- His criminal record may count against him in the job

application process. (他的犯罪记录可能在求职过程中对他不利。)

- pit against：与...竞争

- The two athletes were pitted against each other in the

final race. (两名运动员在最后一场比赛中竞争。)

总结起来，against是一个非常常用的介词和副词，表示反对、对抗、碰撞、比较、使用等多种意义。此外，against还能与一些固定短语搭配使用，扩展了其应用范围。熟练掌握against的用法和固定搭配可以帮助我们更准确地表达意思。