牛津译林 必修第一册 单词分层解析二 Unit 2 Let‘s talk teens

1. argument n. 争吵，争论，论点，论据

【课文原句】Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their

parents. 青少年和他们的父母之间经常会有激烈的争论和冰冷的沉默。

【常用搭配】

① have an argument with sb. about / over sth. 为某事与某人争吵

② get into an argument 争吵起来

③ avoid an argument 避免争吵

➢ Probably the worst thing about being a penguin is after you’re in an argument you’ll try to

waddle away angrily but still look adorably cute. 身为企鹅最糟糕的一点也许是，一场激烈的争吵之后，你试图摇摆着愤然离开，而在别人眼中仍是一个小可爱。

【联想词】

argue v. 争论，争吵，论证，争辩

argue with sb. 与某人争辩

argue about / over sth. 为某事争论

argue against / for （doing） sth. 争辩反对/ 据理力争（做）某事

➢ What do you usually argue about with your parents? 你通常因为什么和你的父母争吵呢？

2. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担忧的，令人焦虑的，渴望的

【课文原句】 You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends,

shooting up in height or getting left far behind. 你可能会感到焦虑，因为你的成长速度与你的朋友不同，你的身高在猛增，或者远远落后（于你的朋友）.

【常用搭配】

① be anxious about sth. 担心某事

② be anxious for sb. 为某人担心

③ be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物

④ be anxious (for sb. ) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事

⑤ be anxious that…忧虑/ 渴望

➢ We are anxious about his safety. 我们担心他的安全。

➢ George was sincerely anxious that his son could find happiness and security. 乔治真诚地渴望他的儿子可以到幸福和安全感。

【联想词】

① anxiously adv. 焦虑地

② anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑

③ with anxiety 焦急地

➢ we waited with great anxiety for more news about the accident. 我们非常焦虑地等待着更多有关着这一事故的消息。

【联想拓展】

① be eager for sth. / to do sht.

② desire for sth. / to do sth.

③ long for sth/ to do sth.

④ be dying for sth. / to do sth.

3. shoot （shot, shot） vi. & vt. (使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影

【课文原句】You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends,

shooting up in height or getting left far behind. 你可能会感到焦虑，因为你的成长速度与你的

朋友不同，你的身高在猛增，或者远远落后（你的朋友）.

➢ They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them. 他们差不多快到船边时，一个人影从他们身边飞奔而过。

【常用搭配】

① shoot a movie 怕电影

② shoot at 向…射击

③ shoot at fame 一举成名

④ shoot to number one/ to the top of the charts 蹿升到第一名/ 排行榜首

⑤ shoot up 迅速长高

⑥ shoot sb. in the leg/ head 击中某人的腿部/ 头部

⑦ shoot oneself in the foot 搬起石头砸自己的脚，自麻烦

➢ Alina Reyes shot to fame a few years ago with her extraordinary first novel. Anila Reyes 几年前因她那部不同凡响的小说处女作而一句成名。

➢ He was shot in the leg during the armed robbery. 在一次武装抢劫中，他被射中了腿。

➢ Glen really shot himself in the foot shouting at his boss like that. Glen对老板那样大吵大闹，真是自麻烦。

【联想词】

shot n. 射击，射门，尝试，照片

➢ He pulled out his gun and fired three shots. 他掏出开了三。

4. spot n. 粉刺，斑点，污渍，地点，场所

【课文原句】You might worry about your changing voice, weigh problems or spots. 你可能会担心你的变声，体重问题或粉刺。

➢ Panic set in, but Mary couldn’t run- she was frozen to the spot. 玛丽很惊慌，但她又不能跑开-她被吓呆了。

【常用搭配】

① historic spot 历史遗迹

② on the spot 立马，当场，在现场，在原地

➢ He had to make a decision on the spot. 他得马上做出决定

➢ We ought to find out the views of the people on the spot. 我们应当了解一下在现场的那些人的看法。

vt. (spotted, spotted) 发现，认出，看见，注意到

➢ Can you spot the difference between these two pictures? 你能看出这两幅画的不同之处吗？

【常用搭配】

① spot sb. sth. doing sth. 发现某人/ 某物在做某事

② be spotted with sth. （表面）满是某物的斑点

➢ Neighbors spotted smoke coming out of the house. 邻居们发现有烟正从那座房子里冒出来。

➢ His shirt was spotted with oil. 他的衬衣上满是油点。

5. desire n. 渴望，愿望，欲望

【课文原句】 You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your

parents’ love and support. 你既对独立充满新的渴望，又对父母的爱和支持有不断的需求。

➢ There is a strong desire for peace among the people. 人们对于和平有着很强烈的渴望

【常见用法】

① have a desire to do sth. 有做某事的渴望

② have a desire for sth. 有对某物的渴望

③ a desire that… …的愿望

vt. 渴望，愿望，期望

➢ The hotel had everything you could possible desire. 这家宾馆有你想要的东西应有尽有。

【常见搭配】desire to do sth. 渴望做某事

6. struggle vi. & n. 奋斗，斗争，搏斗

【课文原句】ON the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they

could be more caring and patient-sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 另一方面，当你努力克制自己的感情时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心-有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。

【常用搭配】

① struggle for… 为…而斗争

② struggle against/ with 与…作斗争

③ struggle to do sth. 努力做某事

④ struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来

➢ He struggled against cancer for two years. 他同癌症抗争了两年。

6. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静

【课文原句】When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to

understand the situation from their point of view. 当你不同意父母的观点时，花点时间冷静下来，试着从他们的角度了解状况。

【常用搭配】

calm (sb./sth) down （使某人/某物）平静下来，镇静

➢ It’s not easy to calm the excited man down. 很难使那个激动的人平静下来。

➢ Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Lucy 和他的助手们躲在他们的车里知道愤怒的蜜蜂平静下来。

adj. 镇静的，沉着的，平静的

【常用搭配】remain / keep / stay calm 保持冷静

【联想词】calmly adv. 平静地，镇静地 calmness n. 平静，镇定

【方法总结】-ness 形容词变名词的后缀

dark- darkness 黑暗 happy- happiness 幸福

kind- kindness 仁慈 sad- sadness 悲伤

calm

“平静的，镇静的”指人的心情是不激动的，或“水面”无波浪的，或一个地方或时期稳定的。

The financial markets are calm at the moment. 金融市场目前很稳定。

quiet

“清净的，安静的”,指不吵闹的或心情不烦躁的 =without being noisy

Could you keep the kids quiet while I’m on the phone?

在我打电话时，你能让孩子们保持安静吗？

“静止的，不动的”,指（人或物体）不运动的，=without moving

The patient must be still for the doctor to examine him病人必须保持不动，以接受医生的检查。

“沉默的，寂静的”,指不讲话或没有声音的=without speaking

The witness close to remain silent. 目击者选择保持沉默。

still

silent

7. view n. 看法，观点，见解，视野，景，风景

【课文原句】When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to

understand the situation from their point of view. 当你不同意父母亲的观点时，花点时间冷静下来，试着从他们的角度了解情况。

【常用搭配】

from one’s point of view 从某人的角度/ 观点出发

in view 在视线之内 come into view 映入眼帘

in one’s view 在某人看来 in view of 鉴于，考虑到

vt. 把…视为，观看，参观

view sb. / sth. as…把某人/某物视为…

 The law should be viewed as a way of meeting certain social goals. 法律应该被视为视线某些社会目标的一种途径。

8. concern n. 担心，忧虑，关心

【课文原句】After you have thought it through, explain your article and feelings calmly, listen

carefully, and address the concerns. 在你想清楚之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，认真倾听，并排除他们的担忧。

【常用搭配】show / express concern about/ for/ over sb. / sth.

【熟词生意】concern, 可数名词，“重要的事情”

 In those days, our primary concern was to provide people who were stopped by the

snowstorm with food and medical assistance. 在那些日子里，我们最关心的是给那些风雪阻挡住的人们提供食物和医疗救助。

vt. 涉及，让（某人担忧）; 与…相关

【常用搭配】 concern oneself with/ about sth. 关心某事，对…感兴趣

 The mother loves hers son, and concerns herself with his needs and desires. 那位母亲爱自己的儿子，关心他的需求和愿望。

【联想词】concerned adj. 作（与某事）有关的，有牵连的，常用作后置定语，the parties

concerned “有关各方”, “concerned parents” “忧心忡忡的父母”

concerning prep. 关于，涉及

 The new manager asked several questions concerning the future of the company. 新经理问了几个有关公司的前途的问题。

9. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 n. 常态，通常标准

【课文原句】Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress parent-child

tensions create, and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship.

只要记住，无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正确的，并且你和你的父母可以共同努力来改善你们的关系。

【常见用法】

It is normal (for sb) to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是正常的

above / below normal 在正常标准之上/ 之下

return to normal 恢复正常

【联想词】

abnormal adj. 不正常的，变态的

normally adv. 通常，平常，正常的

ordinary

common

“平凡的，平淡无奇的，普通的” an ordinary worker 一位普通工人

“常见的，普遍的” a common disease 一种常见病，common sense 常识

usual

average

normal

regular

“平常的，通常的”the usual drink 通常喝的饮料

“平均的，普通的，一般的“an average IQ 平均智商

“正常的，平常的” a normal temperature 正常温度

“有规律的，定期的” regular exercise 定期的锻炼

10. stress n. 精神压力，紧张，强调，重要性，重音

Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions

create, and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship. 只要记住，无法轻松应对亲自关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的，并且你和你的父母可以共同努力来改善你们的关系。

【常见搭配】

under stress 在压力下

lay/ place/ put stress on sth. 强调某事

 Janet’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness. Janet自从父母自从生病以来承受了很大的压力。

 The teacher laid particular stress on the need for discipline. 老师特别强调了对纪律的需求的重要性。

vt. stress sb. out 使某人极度焦虑，是某人非常紧张。

 Studying for exams always stresses me out. 复习迎考总是使我非常焦虑。

【联想词】

stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，紧张的【与人相关】

 I feel stressed and tired these days. 这些日子我感到紧张而疲惫。

stressful adj. 【与物相关】

Moving to a new house is a very stressful; experience. 搬新家是件很劳心的事情。

11. design vt. 设计，制订，计划

【课文原句】So，we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood.

因此我们设计了“青少年健康网站”来帮助你们一路成长为成年人。

【常用搭配】 be designed for…为…设计

be designed to do…目的是

 Music is often played in public places and it is designed to make people feel less lonely. 经常在公共场所播放音乐是为了让人们感觉不那么孤单。

n. 设计，设计艺术，构思

【常用搭配】 by design= on purpose 故意地，有益地

 Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were exactly 150 people in the

station. 无论是巧合还是特意安排，车站里刚好友150人。

12. expert n. 专家，行家

【课文原句】 Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our

experts and other forum users. 鼓励用户贴出他们的问题，他们将从我们的健康专家和其他的论坛用户那里得到建议。

【常用搭配】 an expert at/ in / on (doing) sth. （做）某事方面的专家/ 能手

 It takes consistent effort to be an expert in any area. 成为任何领域的专家都需要付出持续不断的努力。

adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的，知识或经验丰富的

【常用搭配】 be expert at/in (doing ) sth. 在（做某事）方面是专家/ 经验（或知识）丰富。

 She is expert at making cheap but stylish clothes. 她擅长做便宜但时尚的服装。

13. likely adj. 可能的，可能发生的，预料的，有希望的

【课文原句】 It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum. 这一问题很有可能已经在我们的论坛上被讨论过了。

【反义词】

unlikely adj. 不大可能的

【常见用法】 be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事

It is likely that… 是可能的

not likely 不可能，当然不会（口语，表示强烈反对或断言某事不会发生）

 Unemployment is likely to go on rising this year. 今年的失业率可能会继续上升。

 -He said you’d be giving them a lift. 他说你会让他们搭便车。

- Not likely! 才不会呢！

likely

表面上看起来可能，暗示从表面迹象来判断。主语可以是物，也可以是人，常用于be likely to do 或 It is likely +that从句

 The thing is to know when he is likely to arrive. 关键是要知道他大概什么时候到。

客观上有可能，“可能性较小”的暗示。主语是人，常用句型：It

is possible (for sb) to do sth. 或者It is possible…

 It is possible that I might be of some use in that part of

work. 在那块工作上，我也许能帮上忙。

probable

根据合情理，值得相信的事物，意为“大概的，很有可能的”主语是物，常用句型：sth. is probable 或 it is probable +that 从句

 Success is highly probable. 成功的希望相当大。

possible

14. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫，按，压，

【课文原句】When we’re at home, she keeps pressing me to study all the time. 我们在家的时候，她总是催着我学习。

 Press the button to start the engine. 按下这个按钮来启动发动机。

n. 报纸杂志，报刊，（the press） 新闻工作者，新闻界

【常用搭配】 the local / national press 地方/ 全国报刊

get/ have a good press 收到新闻界的好评

【联想词】 pressure n. 压力

put pressure on sb. 向某人施压

under pressure 在压力下

15. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的

【课文原句】I’m eager for y parents’ love. 我渴望父母的爱。

【常用搭配】 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事

be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物

 He was so eager to expand his farm. 他非常渴望扩大他的农场。

 Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.

【联想词】

eagerness n. 热切，渴望

eagerly adv. 热切地，渴望地

16. account n. 账户，描述，解释

【常用搭配】on account of= because of 由于，因为

on no account 绝不

take sth. into account = take sth into consideration 考虑到某事

open/ close a bank account 开立/ 注销银行账户

 We delayed our sports meeting on account of the bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，我们将运动会延期了。

 On no account should the house be left unlocked. 千万要锁好门。

 The company takes environmental issues into account wherever possible. 只要有可能，这家公司都会考虑环境问题。

vt. 认为是，视为

account for 是…的原因，解释，占（一定数量或比例）

 The little boy failed to account for his absence from school. 小男孩没能说明他旷课的原因。

 It is said that body language accounts for 55% of a first impression while what you say just

7%. 据说肢体语言站第一印象的55%， 而你说的话只占7%。

17. secure adj. 安心的，可靠的，牢固的，稳定的，安全的

【课文原句】It gave us such a warm, secure feeling. 它给了我们一种非常温暖，安心的感觉。

【常用搭配】 be secure from 无…的危险

be/ feel secure about…不为…担忧

 Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental deletion. 必须把资料保存起来，这样才能不会被意外删除。

 We are secure about our future. 我们不为我们的未来担忧。

【反义词】

insecure adj. 无把握的，不牢靠的

vt. (尤指经过努力)获得，获取，使安全，保护

【常用搭配】secure sth. for sb. = secure sb. sth. 为某人取得/ 实现某物

secure/ defend/ guard / protect …against保护…免受

 We all hope that we can secure ourselves against all risks and dangers. 我们都希望能使自己免于承担各种风险和危险。

【联想词】security n. 保安措施，保护

18. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业

【课文原句】When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school.

Nels从文法学校毕业时，他想继续读中学。

【常用搭配】

graduate…from 从…(学校)毕业

graduate in…毕业于…(专业)

 By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college. Jack从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。

n. 毕业生

graduation n. 毕业

undergraduate n. 本科生

postgraduate n. 研究生

18. gather vi. & vt. 聚集，召集，集合 增加（速度，力量等）

【课文原句】 Eagerly we gathered around the table. 我们急切地围在桌边。

【常用搭配】 gather information / flowers/ crops 收集信息/ 采花/收割庄稼

gather your strength/ your thoughts 集中全力/ 整理思绪

 The research’s job is to gather information about people. 这位研究人员的工作是收集人们

的信息。

19. volunteer vi. &vt. 自愿做，义务做，无偿做 n. 志愿者

【课文原句】 “I will work in Dillon’s grocery after school.” Nels volunteered. “放学后我就去狄龙杂货店打工”Nels主动说。

【常用搭配】volunteer to do sth. （for/as） 自愿做某事

【常用搭配】 volunteer to do sth. (for/ as) （为/作为） 自愿做某事

do sth. as a volunteer 志愿做某事

 She is thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation. 她正在考虑去义务帮助许愿基金会。

【联想词】voluntary adj. 自愿的，主动的

20. figure n. 数字，（重要的有名的）人物，体型，身材，雕像 vt. 认为，计算

【课文原句】 Then she wrote down another figure. 然后她写下了另一个数字。

 Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. 但是，如今做一名公众人员比以前困难得多。

 From the way he behaved, I figured that he was drunk. 从他的举止来看，我认为他醉了。

【常用搭配】 figure out 计算，弄明白

 Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. 事实上，我们需要经常审视我们的行为，以弄清楚我们是什么样的人。