Google搜索引擎和专业搜索工具的使用指南说明书

GETTING THE MOST OUT OF:Google is the world’s most widely used search engine. In addition to its web search function, Google

also offers many specialized services such as Google Scholar, Book Search, Image Search, News

Search, and Maps.

Introduction

This guide explains how to effectively use the Google search engine (/) and

some of its specialized search tools to find information online.

Points to remember:

single search engine searches the entire Web. For the best results, try your search in morethan one search scholarly journal articles cannot be found by search engines. This includes GoogleScholar. To find and access scholarly journal articles reliably, use the library’s es often lack the quality controls that are used in publishing other types of , scholarly journals), so you should always evaluate internet resources for quality andappropriateness for your research. To learn more, refer to the Library’s guide on evaluatinginternet because a result is the top hit on Google, this does not mean it is credible, reliable oraccurate. Google’s sorting is based on relevancy – to you, your search, your location, your pastsearches… – not search results are affected by personalized information such as your location and pastsearch history. Google’s algorithms guess what information you are looking for, which can resultin a “filter bubble”.For example, you may not be shown results that disagree with what Google perceives as yourviewpoints or ideologies. To see this personalization in action, try comparing your search resultsfrom your regular browser to that of a private or incognito window! You might also try searchingwith , a search engine that shows the same search results to every of your search results may include advertisements (denoted by a small “Ad” to the left ofthe URL). These are from companies that pay Google to advertise their products or servicesand are not an indication that the site is a credible 2020 Page 1

Basic Search

Google search has some customizable features and will perform differently depending upon which

settings are selected.

Google has a built-in Autocomplete feature that is not possible to turn off. As you are typing your query,

Google makes predictions about possible search terms for you. However, it is not necessary to choose

any of the predictions.

Google has an option to include Private results that can look for tailored content for you from other

Google products you use, like Gmail or Google Calendar. This only works if you are signed into your

Google account while searching, and it can be turned off by going into Settings and selecting Do not

use private results.

Searching with Google:

To perform a search with Google, enter your keywords into the search box.

When you have entered your keywords, either click on one of the Autocomplete predictions, hit Enter

on your keyboard, or click on the search button on the browser.

Search button

Search terms

Autocomplete predictions

Voice Search:

To use Voice Search, click on the microphone icon in the search bar and follow the instructions.

When choosing search terms:

•Microphone icon

Be specific and try to include at least 2 keywords that best describe what you are trying tofind. For example, to find apartments for rent in Halifax, you could search:•Avoid common words such as “how”, “of”, and “where” because these stop words will normallybe excluded from a search. If stop words occur in a common phrase or title such as Of Mice andMen, use quotation marks to search for the exact set of words:May 2020 Page 2

•Select appropriate terminology for your query and be aware that different terms may imply acertain , searching “oil sands” will retrieve results from Alberta Energy and other members ofthe oil industry, whereas a search for “tar sands” will retrieve results from Greenpeaceand other environmental advocacy organizations.•Word order can affect your search results. Words should be ordered in the way you wouldexpect them to appear in a search result or how they appear in natural , “world war” retrieves results about the First and Second World Wars, whereas “warworld” retrieves results about a DC comic book g a Search Query

When searching, it helps to understand how Google interprets what you enter:

•Google searches for pages that contain as many of your terms as possible. However, it mayreturn results without some of the terms you a result is missing a search term, below its entry you will see: “Missing: term”Google searches are not case automatically searches for variations of some search terms, e.g., “knit”, “knits”, “knitting”,etc. To prevent searching for variations of a term, enclose it in quotation don’t need to type AND between your search terms.•••Basic Search Operators

OR

e.g., canine OR dog OR puppy–

e.g., titanic –, biology –site:“ ”

e.g., “life of pi”*

e.g., “* for an * makes thewhole world blind”

Finds pages that contain one or more of the search terms.

Exclude particular words, phrases or sites from your results.

Google’s version of the “NOT” operator.

Can be combined with other special operators, such as site:

Finds pages that contain the phrase exactly as typed between the

quotation marks.

Use the asterisk as a wildcard for unknown terms. Phrase search

with quotations for variations of an exact phrase.

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Advanced SearchTo use advanced search, click on Settings in the bottom-right of the Google homepage and select

Advanced Search from the pop-up menu.

Advanced search

Settings

If you are in a search already, Settings will appear below the search bar. Or, visit

/advanced_search.

First, type your search terms into the relevant search boxes:

Then, refine your search by selecting one or more limit options, which are listed next to the search

boxes.

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Refining Your Search

If your searches are retrieving too many irrelevant hits, use these special operators to increase the

relevancy of your results:

Special Search Operators

intitle:

Restrict your results to documents with a specified search term in the title

e.g., forensics intitle:universityRestrict your results to documents with all of your search terms in the title

e.g., allintitle:google tutorialRestrict your results to documents within a specified website or domain

e.g., chemistry site:rict your results to documents with a specified search term in the URL

e.g., book review inurl:libraryGoogle tries to define the term first using dictionaries or encyclopaedias.

e.g., define:deep webRestrict your results to specific file types using file extensionsfiletype: e.g., syllabus filetype:docx

e.g., thesis filetype:pdfrelated:

Restrict your results to find webpages with similar content to a specific URL

e.g., related:/allintitle:

site:

inurl:

define:

Note: do not place a space after the colon when using special operators.

Google Search Results & Other Search Tools

Your searches could retrieve a variety of content, including links to books, news, images, etc. To limit

your results to a particular format, e.g., images, simply select the Images tab located below the search

bar on the results page. It is important to note that the placement of these links may change with every

search. In the example below, Google Books results are hidden under the More tab, alongside

Shopping, Flights, Finance, and Personal.

Format options

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Google Scholar does not appear in the tab below the search bar or in the “More” tab. Instead, Google

may suggest “Scholarly articles for Your Search”. This link will take you to Google Scholar.

Google Books, Scholar, Images, News, and Maps also have their own dedicated sites and search

interfaces. You can use the square “apps” button to access these products. The “apps” button appears

at the top right hand side of many Google products, and displays a selection of “popular” apps by

default.

Apps button

Image Search

Not to be confused with Google Photos, which is a tool for syncing, editing and sharing pictures.

This feature allows you to search for images throughout the web. Enter keywords into the search box

and if Google finds any matches to your query, it will display thumbnail pictures of the matches. Click

on the thumbnails to view the full sized pictures.

You can also upload an image, or paste an image’s URL, to search the web for images that are visually

similar to that image. This can be useful for identifying the provenance or original source of an image.

To access this menu, click the “camera” icon in the Google Images search bar.

Camera icon

News

On the Google News homepage, Google sorts its top news stories into various categories (e.g.,

Canada, Health, etc.). Thousands of news sources, including traditional news sites, blogs, satire, and

press releases are indexed by Google News. While many articles are free to access, some sources

have paywalls and will limit the number of articles you are able to view without a subscription.

Google News will also alter its contents based on your past searches and preferences. You may notice

your favourite news websites appearing more frequently than ones you click on less often.

Book Search

This feature allows you to search the full-text of many books. Google has amassed a collection of

scanned books through its affiliations with some prominent libraries, as well as through a partner

program with publishers and authors who wish to have their books searchable by the public.

Click on a book title and you will see basic bibliographic information about the book. If available, the

full-text of the book will be viewable and available for download as a PDF. For some books you will only

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be able to “preview” some full-pages of titles. Other titles only offer “snippet” views of a few lines of text,

showing full-text search results in context.

If on campus, select the Find in a library (under Get this

book in print) link and you will be directed to WorldCat

Local for SMU. Here you will be able to see if the item is

available at the Patrick Power Library or through another

Novanet library.

Search within the full-text of the book for particular terms

or phrases.

Maps

With Google Maps, you can search for maps and directions to various locations (e.g., cities, streets, or

restaurants). Browse streetscapes and explore landmarks as 360-degree images in Street View or try

the Satellite view to see 3D imagery of the environment. Also try out Google’s related service,

Google

Earth, which offers features including a Maps Gallery, along with Sky, Moon, Ocean, and Mars viewing

modes.

Google Scholar

Google Scholar is a specialized search engine developed for researchers and academics. Its index

includes articles, books, patents, court opinions, scientific pre-prints, and government documents from

many publishers and academic fields. With Google Scholar, you can search for scholarly literature on

your topic – often in full-text – and then retrieve the items from the Patrick Power Library. See the

Library’s Google Scholar Guide for more information.

For more help…

Don’t forget to check out the complete lists of online tutorials and library guides. You are always

welcome to stop by the Research Help desk for further assistance with your assignments.

Phone: (902) 420-5544

Email: ***************

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