EIM Book 2 Unit 7 Disaster! 单元知识点

English in Mind Book 2

Unit 7 Disaster!

Part 1 P54-55

Word List

disaster [dɪˈzɑːstə(r)] n. 灾难

bomb [bɒm] n. ，核武器；v. 轰炸

volcano [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ] n. 火山

rescue [ˈreskjuː] v. 营救，援救，抢救；n. 救援

steal [stiːl] v. 偷，窃取 (~-stole-stolen)

confuse [kənˈfjuːz] v. 使糊涂，使迷惑，(将…)混淆

complete [kəmˈpliːt] v. 完成；adj. 完全的，彻底的

mayor [meə(r)] n. 镇长，市长，郡长

crack [kræk] v. 裂开，断开；n. 裂纹

starving [ˈstɑːvɪŋ] adj. 饿极了的，饿得慌的

estimate [ˈestɪmət] v. 估价，估算；n. 估价

destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] v. 摧毁，毁灭，破坏

Being Understood

category [ˈkætəɡəri] n. 类别，种类

the Empire State Building 帝国大厦

Pompei n. 庞贝古城(古罗马城市)

Word Transformation

1. rob [rɒb] v. 抢劫 ---robber [ˈrɒbə(r)] n. 强盗，抢劫犯 ---robbery [ˈrɒbəri] n. 盗窃，抢劫

2. confuse [kənˈfjuːz] v. 使糊涂，使迷惑，(将…)混淆 ---confused [kənˈfjuːzd] adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的

---confusing [kənˈfjuːzɪŋ] 难以理解的，不清楚的

3. complete [kəmˈpliːt] v. 完成；adj. 完全的，彻底的 ---completely [kəmˈpliːtli] adv. 彻底地，完全地

Phrases & Sentences

1. a total of 总计

A total of 24% people believe the decision will be good for our society.

2. in the end 最后=at last=finally

at the end of sth 在…的最后

At the end of the movie the big killer appeared again.

[in the beginning 一开始/ at the beginning/start of 在…开始的时候]

3. cross over sp 穿越某地

4. have no way of doing 没法做某事

there’s no way (for sb) to do sth

1

nuclear [ˈnjuːkliə(r)] adj. 原子能的，核能的

flood [flʌd] n. 洪水；v. 淹没，大量涌入

hurricane [ˈhʌrɪkən] n. 飓风

damage [ˈdæmɪdʒ] u n. (有形的)损坏；v. 破坏

rob [rɒb] v. 抢劫

earthquake [ˈɜːθkweɪk] n. 地震

tsunami [tsuːˈnɑːmi] n. 海啸

seem [siːm] v. 好像，似乎

collapse [kəˈlæps] v. (突然)倒塌，坍塌，(因病)晕倒

homeless [ˈhəʊmləs] adj. 无家可归的

summary [ˈsʌməri] n. 总结

deadly [ˈdedli] adj. (可能)致命的，致死的

the Berlin Wall 柏林墙

the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像

levee [ˈlevi] n. 防洪堤

English in Mind Book 2

We have no way of proving we are not self-fish.

5. keep sth out 将…排除在外

The walls are built to keep the robbers out.

6. a large amount of =quite a little =a great deal of +un 大量的…

a large number of =quite a few +cn 大量的

7. be on fire 着火（延续）

Look at that smoke, that building must be on fire.

catch fire 着火（瞬间）

Stone buildings are not easy to catch fire.

set fire to sth 放火

A boy set fire to a firework, and it burned on the sticks.

put the fire out 灭火

We just tried to put the fire out before it damaged the house.

8. the homeless =the homeless people 无家可归的人 [the+adj. 表一类人，作主语，谓语动词用复数]

9. be rescued by 被…营救

The little girl was rescued by the police in the end.

10. be damaged by 被…损坏

My grandparents’ house was damaged by an earthquake last year.

11. be flooded with 被…淹没

The city has almost been flooded.

12. in south China =in southern China =in the south of China =in the southern part of China

13. confuse A with B把…跟…混淆

People often confuse me with my older brother.

14. knock down 拆毁（建筑物）,（被车）撞倒

15. in human history 在人类历史上

16. Complex sentence (复杂句): It seems (to sb) that +句子。

It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.

It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.

It seems to me that he has known everything.

17. Simple sentence(简单句): Sb/Sth seem to do sth.[ Sb/Sth seem (to be) adj./n.]

The young man seemed to have changed much.

Mrs. green doesn’t seem (或seem not) to like the idea.

The man over there seems to be a new lawyer.

语法运用(简单句与复杂句的转换)：

1. Sb./Sth. seem to V动. =It seems that sb.+ V动(动词有实义动词和be动词两种，注意时态和主谓一致)

He seems to leave. =It seems that he will leave.

My mother seems (to be) satisfied with my daughter’s performance.

=It seems that my mother is satisfied with my daughter’s performance.

2

English in Mind Book 2

2. Before (after) +doing sth. =Before (after) sb.+V, sb.+V.

Before sleeping, he drank a glass of milk. =Before he slept, he drank a glass of milk.

3. While/when doing sth. =While sb.+be+doing sth. =When sb.+be+doing sth. /When+sb.+V.

While listening to the teacher, you should do some notes.

=While you’re listening to the teacher, you should do some notes.

4. find/consider/feel/think it+adj.+to do =find/consider/feel/think that it is+adj.+to do

They found it difficult to learn English. =They found that it was difficult to learn English.

5. find/consider/feel sb.(宾格)+adj. =find/consider/feel (that) sb.(主格)+be+adj.

We find her lazy. =We find (that) she is lazy.

6. Sb.+be+done(believed/said/reported…)+to+do. =It is done(believed/said/reported…) +that +Sb.+V.

Mary is believed to have the most dresses. =It is believed that Mary has the most dresses.

7. too adj./adv. (for sb) to ... / …(not) adj./adv. enough (for sb) to do ... /so adj./adv. that ...

He is too young to go to school.

=He isn’t old enough to go to school. =He is so young that he can’t go to school.

The exercise is easy enough to finish. =The exercise is so easy that we can finish it.

8. so as to do/in order to do/to do=in order that/so that sb. can do

I study hard in order to(so as to/to) go to university. =I study hard in order that(so that) I can go to university.

9. at (the age of) +基数词 =when sb.+was/were+基数词

At eight, she went abroad to study. =She went abroad to study when she was eight.

10. in one’s childhood/as a child=when sb. was a child.

I lived with my grandparents in my childhood. =I lived with my grandparents when I was a child.

11. because of +n.= because +sb.+V.

I didn’t go to the party because of the heavy rain. =I didn’t go to the party because it rained heavily.

12. with one’s help=because sb help ...

Sally passed the driving test with her sister’s help. =Sally passed the driving test because her sister helped

her.

13. without sth.= if there’s no sth./sb.+don’t +do sth.

I could’t succeed without your help. =I could’t succeed if you didn’t help me.

14. 分词作后置定语的情况:

The girl called Nancy is my friend. =The girl who is called Nancy is my friend.

The girl calling herself Nancy is my friend. =The girl who calls herself Nancy is my friend.

过去分词作后置定语，相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句。

现在分词作后置定语，相当于一个含主动语态的定语从句。

The girl studying at Cambridge University is my sister.

The girl who studies (is studying) at Cambridge University is my sister.

3

English in Mind Book 2

Part 2 P56-57

Word List

flying [ˈflaɪɪŋ] adj. 能飞的

locust [ˈləʊkəst] n. 蝗虫

altogether [ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə(r)] adv. 总共，总而言之

square [skweə(r)] n. 平方，正方形，广场

basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj. 基本的，基础的

cause [kɔːz] v. 造成，导致；n. 原因，起因

mention [ˈmenʃn] v. 提到

harm [hɑːm] n. &v. 伤害，损害

Being Understood

enormous [ɪˈnɔːməs] adj. 巨大的，庞大的

volcano [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ] n. 火山

zero article 零冠词

Word Transformation

1. flying [ˈflaɪɪŋ] adj. 能飞的---fly v. 飞(-flew-flown) ---flight n. 航班

2. weigh [weɪ] v. 称重量 ---weight [weɪt] n. 重量，重物

3. basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj. 基本的，基础的 ---basically [ˈbeɪsɪkli] adv. 大体上，基本上

4. hunger [ˈhʌŋɡə(r)] n. 饥饿 ---hungry adj. 饥饿的

5. glass n. 玻璃，玻璃杯 ---glasses n. 玻璃杯，眼镜

6. harm [hɑːm] n. &v. 伤害，损害 ---harmful [ˈhɑːmfl] adj. (尤指对健康或环境)有害的 ---harmless

[ˈhɑːmləs] adj. 无害的

7. fear n. & v. 害怕，惧怕 ---fearful [ˈfɪəfl] adj. 恐惧的

8. distance [ˈdɪstəns] n. 距离，间距，远方 ---distant [ˈdɪstənt] adj. 遥远的

9. imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v. 想象，设想，认为 ---imaginary [ɪˈmædʒɪnəri] adj. 幻想的，虚构的 ---imaginative

[ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富于想象力的 ---imagination [ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn] n. 想象力，想象

10. eruption [ɪ'rʌpʃ(ə)n] n. 爆(喷)发 ---erupt [ɪˈrʌpt] v. (火山)爆发，(岩浆、烟等)喷出

11. powerful [ˈpaʊəfl] adj. 强有力的 ---powerless [ˈpaʊələs] adj. 无能为力的 ---power [ˈpaʊə(r)] 权力，能力

Phrases & Sentences

1. the number of+可数名词复数, 谓语动词用单数, 译为“…的数量”

The number of homeless people has increased dramatically.

a number of+可数名词复数, 谓语动词用复数, 译为“一些…”

A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.

2. a swarm of 一大

A swarm of journalists followed the film star’s car.

4

insect [ˈɪnsekt] n. 昆虫

swarm [swɔːm] n. 一大(蜜蜂等昆虫)

imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v. 想象，设想，认为

distance [ˈdɪstəns] n. 距离，间距，远方

harvest [ˈhɑːvɪst] n. 收成；v. 收(庄稼)，捕猎(动物)

certain [ˈsɜːtn] adj. 肯定，确信；pron. 某个，某些

field [fiːld] n. 田，地，牧场，场地

fear n. & v. 害怕，惧怕

proportion [prəˈpɔːʃn] n. 份额，比例

article [ˈɑːtɪkl] n. 冠词

the Middle East 中东

English in Mind Book 2

3. km²(square kilometers) 平方千米

4. basic facts 基本事实; 基本情况

At first, I need to know some basic facts about computers.

5. What proportion of the world’s population can be in danger because of locust swarms?

6. run away=escape 逃离,逃跑

7. fear to do sth. 害怕做某事

be fearful of sth. = be afraid of sth.

She feared to tell him the truth. 她不敢把真相告诉他。

8. it does no harm (for sb) to do sth 做某事没有什么坏处

9. be harmful to sb/ sth (尤指对健康或环境)有害的

Smoking is harmful to one's health, 吸烟有害健康。

语法：冠词用法

冠词(article)分为不定冠词a(an)、定冠词the和零冠词(不用冠词的情况)。

不定冠词一般表示泛指；定冠词一般表示特指。零冠词(Zero articles )即是指名词前面没有不定冠词、定冠词，也没有其他限定词的现象。

1. 定冠词 the 的用法:

1) 表示上文提到过的人或事物。

He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.

2) 用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。

the sun, the moon, the earth, the world, the air, the land, the sea

3) 用于乐器名词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。

play the piano, play erhu

4) 用于姓氏的复数前，表示“两夫妇”或“全家”。

The Smiths watch TV every day.

5) 用于某些形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物。

the poor /poor /disabled…

6) 用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。

John is the first boy to arrive at school.

7) 用在方向名词和某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语前。

on the right /in the morning

8) 用于逢整十数词的复数前，表示某个年代。

in the 1980s 在 20 世纪80年代

He began to work in his fifties. 他五十多岁才开始工作。

2. 零冠词的用法：

月、季、星期、节假、洲、称呼、头衔、职位、三餐，球类，惯用语、学科、棋类，表抽像时候的名词前。

In September; on Wednesday; on Father’s Day; play basketball/chess; go to hospital…

5

English in Mind Book 2

Part 3 P58-59

Word List

uninhabitable [ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbl] adj. 不宜居住的

cliff [klɪf] n. 悬崖，峭壁 [pl. cliffs]

rough [rʌf] adj. 粗糙的，粗野的

threaten [ˈθretn] v. 威胁，恐吓

greenhouse [ˈɡriːnhaʊs] n. 温室

rising [ˈraɪzɪŋ] adj. 上升的，上涨的

smooth [smuːð] adj. 顺利的，平滑的，平滑的

immigrant [ˈɪmɪɡrənt] n. 移民

affect [əˈfekt] v. 影响

Being Understood

Tuvalu [ˌtuːvəˈluː] n. 图瓦卢国

The Vatican [ˈvætɪkən] 梵蒂冈

Monaco [ˈmɒnəkəʊ] n. 摩纳哥

cigarette [ˌsɪɡəˈret] n. 香烟

crack [kræk] v. 破裂，裂开，断裂

Word Transformation

1. uninhabitable [ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbl] adj. 不宜居住的---habitable [ˈhæbɪtəbl] adj. 适合居住 ---habitat [ˈhæbɪtæt]

n. 栖息地

2. affect [əˈfekt] v. 影响 ---effect [ɪˈfekt] n. 影响 ---effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj. 有效的 ---ineffective [ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]

adj. 无效果的

3. globe [ɡləʊb] n. 地球仪，地球 ---global [ˈɡləʊbl] adj. 全球的，全世界的

4. immigrant [ˈɪmɪɡrənt] n. 移民 ---immigrate [ˈɪmɪɡreɪt] vi. 移入；vt. 使移居入境 ---immigration

[ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn] n. 移居(入境)

5. violent [ˈvaɪələnt] adj. 暴力的 ---violence [ˈvaɪələns] n. 暴力

6. threaten [ˈθretn] v. 威胁，恐吓 ---threatening [ˈθretnɪŋ] adj. 威胁的，恐吓的 ---threat [θret] n. 威胁，恐吓

7. chemical [ˈkemɪkl] n. 化学制品；adj. 化学的 ---chemistry [ˈkemɪstri] n. 化学 ---chemist [ˈkemɪst] n. 药剂师，药房

8. refuse [rɪˈfjuːz] v. 拒绝 ---refusal [rɪˈfjuːzl] n. 拒绝

9. frequent [ˈfriːkwənt] adj. 频繁的 ---frequency [ˈfriːkwənsi] n. 频率

Phrases & Sentences

1. in danger of 处于…危险之中

The building is in danger of collapsing. 这栋建筑有垮塌的危险。

How many factory workers are in danger of losing their jobs because of AI.

6

neighbor ['neɪbə(r)] n. 邻居

tiny [ˈtaɪni] adj. 微小的，很少的

frequent [ˈfriːkwənt] adj. 频繁的

emission [iˈmɪʃn] n. (光、热、气等的)发射，散发

gas [ɡæs] n. 气体

violent [ˈvaɪələnt] adj. 暴力的，猛烈的

eventually [ɪˈventʃuəli] adv. 最后，终于

refuse [rɪˈfjuːz] v. 拒绝

Tuvaluan [ˌtuːvɑːˈluːən] n. 图瓦卢人

Nauru [nɑːˈuːruː] n. 瑙鲁

petrol [ˈpetrəl] n. 汽油

helicopter [ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)] n. 直升机

starve [stɑːv] vt. (使)挨饿，饿死；vi. 饿死，挨饿

English in Mind Book 2

2. This tiny country is the fourth smallest in the world.

the+序数词+最高级+名词+in/of 表示“第几最…”

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

3. Rising sea levels, caused by global warming, have increased the level of salt in the ground water.

4. …… source of ...... 的来源

The fish are an important source of food for people.

The ground water is the only source of fresh water for people and farm animals.

5. such a small country =so small a country

such a/an + adj. + n. =so +adj. + a/an + n.

6. 注意:

(1) 后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用 so.

such beautiful flowers /such hot milk

(2) 复数名词或不可数名词前有many, much, few, little时，用so，不用such.

so many flowers, so little water

7